堆肥的温室气体排放和氮素转化进展研究
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摘要
堆肥是一种绿色有效的固体有机废物处置方式,但其排放的温室气体影响大气环境。通过阐述固体有机废物堆肥温室气体排放和氮素转化的国内外研究现状及其机制,结果表明,目前用于堆肥研究的动物粪便大多为猪粪、牛粪和鸡粪;研究主要针对堆体和气体,对堆肥渗滤液的研究较少;随着现代分子生物技术手段的发展,借助微观技术手段以及对微生物和酶活性的监测,堆肥温室气体排放和氮素转化的机理研究将不断深入。
Composting is an environmentally friendly organic waste disposal method of solid organic waste,but the greenhouse gas emissions( GHGs) will affect the atmospheric environment. The domestic and international research status of greenhouse gas emissions and nitrogen transformation of solid organic waste composting,and the research methods of its mechanism were summarized. The results can be concluded as: pig manure,cow manure and chicken manure are mostly used in composting research so far.Present studies mainly focused on the compost heap and gas instead of leachate. With the development of modern molecular biotechnology,micro-technical methods and monitoring of microbial and enzyme activities will be more comprehensively involved in related researches,and the mechanism greenhouse gas emissions and nitrogen transformation during composting will continue to deepen.
Composting is an environmentally friendly organic waste disposal method of solid organic waste,but the greenhouse gas emissions( GHGs) will affect the atmospheric environment. The domestic and international research status of greenhouse gas emissions and nitrogen transformation of solid organic waste composting,and the research methods of its mechanism were summarized. The results can be concluded as: pig manure,cow manure and chicken manure are mostly used in composting research so far.Present studies mainly focused on the compost heap and gas instead of leachate. With the development of modern molecular biotechnology,micro-technical methods and monitoring of microbial and enzyme activities will be more comprehensively involved in related researches,and the mechanism greenhouse gas emissions and nitrogen transformation during composting will continue to deepen.
引文
[1]朱海生,左福元,董红敏,等.堆体规模对牛粪堆肥氨气和温室气体排放的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2018,46(5):77-84.
[2]Webb J,Sommer S G,Kupper T,et al. Emissions of Ammonia,Nitrous Oxide and Methane During the Management of Solid Manures[M]//E Lichtfouse. Agroecology and Strategies for Climate Change. Netherlands:Springer,2012:67-107.
[3]陈是吏,袁京,李国学,等.过磷酸钙和双氰胺联用减少污泥堆肥温室气体及NH3排放[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(6):199-206.
[4]Awasthi M K,Wang M,Chen H,et al. Heterogeneity of biochar amendment to improve the carbon and nitrogen sequestration through reduce the greenhouse gases emissions during sewage sludge composting[J]. Bioresource Technology,2017,224:428-438.
[5]刘立,张朝升,赵美花.生物炭对好氧堆肥化处理影响的研究进展[J].环境科学与技术,2018,41(9):170-175.
[6]姚棣夫,徐建玲,王汉席.基于文献计量的堆肥研究现状与趋势研究[J].环境科学与管理,2018,43(3):26-29.
[7]张祥永,任静,马彦霞,等.微生物菌剂对牛粪堆肥中酶活性的影响[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2016,51(3):65-71.
[2]Webb J,Sommer S G,Kupper T,et al. Emissions of Ammonia,Nitrous Oxide and Methane During the Management of Solid Manures[M]//E Lichtfouse. Agroecology and Strategies for Climate Change. Netherlands:Springer,2012:67-107.
[3]陈是吏,袁京,李国学,等.过磷酸钙和双氰胺联用减少污泥堆肥温室气体及NH3排放[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(6):199-206.
[4]Awasthi M K,Wang M,Chen H,et al. Heterogeneity of biochar amendment to improve the carbon and nitrogen sequestration through reduce the greenhouse gases emissions during sewage sludge composting[J]. Bioresource Technology,2017,224:428-438.
[5]刘立,张朝升,赵美花.生物炭对好氧堆肥化处理影响的研究进展[J].环境科学与技术,2018,41(9):170-175.
[6]姚棣夫,徐建玲,王汉席.基于文献计量的堆肥研究现状与趋势研究[J].环境科学与管理,2018,43(3):26-29.
[7]张祥永,任静,马彦霞,等.微生物菌剂对牛粪堆肥中酶活性的影响[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2016,51(3):65-71.