穿越不良地质段山岭隧道动力模型箱设计及其试验验证
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摘要
在地震模拟隧道振动台模型试验研究中,模型箱设计合理与否,将直接关系到隧道结构动力响应数据的可靠性。以高烈度地震区穿越不良地质地段山岭隧道工程为依托,主要设计了穿越基覆交界面隧道整体式刚性模型箱和穿越活动断层隧道错动式刚性模型箱,通过模态分析,分析了土-箱共振和箱体承载力问题,提出了模型箱加固技术方案,避免模型土-模型箱结构的共振和承载力不足的问题。采用8 m×10 m大型振动台开展两种不同条件下山岭隧道结构动力响应研究,试验及分析结果表明两种不同地质条件下振动台模型箱具有良好的边界性能,提高了不良地质段隧道结构动力响应的试验结果的可靠性,为同类地震动模型试验模型箱研究奠定了基础。
The design rationality of a model box has extremely influence on the reliability of dynamic response data of a tunnel structure in the study on a tunnel seismic simulation shaking table test. Based on the engineering with mountain tunnels crossing bad geology regions in high intensity seismic areas, the integral rigid model box of a tunnel crossing the base-overlying interface and the staggered rigid model box of the tunnel crossing the fault were designed. By modal analysis, soil-box resonance and bearing capacity of boxes were analyzed, and reinforcement cases were put forward to avoid the problems of resonance and insufficient bearing capacity. Moreover, a large-scale shaking table with dimension 8 m×10 m was adopted to test the dynamic response of mountain tunnels under two different conditions. The results show that model boxes have good boundary performance. The reliability of the results is improved, which lays the foundation for similar study on shaking a table test model box.
The design rationality of a model box has extremely influence on the reliability of dynamic response data of a tunnel structure in the study on a tunnel seismic simulation shaking table test. Based on the engineering with mountain tunnels crossing bad geology regions in high intensity seismic areas, the integral rigid model box of a tunnel crossing the base-overlying interface and the staggered rigid model box of the tunnel crossing the fault were designed. By modal analysis, soil-box resonance and bearing capacity of boxes were analyzed, and reinforcement cases were put forward to avoid the problems of resonance and insufficient bearing capacity. Moreover, a large-scale shaking table with dimension 8 m×10 m was adopted to test the dynamic response of mountain tunnels under two different conditions. The results show that model boxes have good boundary performance. The reliability of the results is improved, which lays the foundation for similar study on shaking a table test model box.
引文
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[2]杨林德,季倩倩,郑永来,等.地铁车站结构振动台试验中模型箱设计的研究[J].岩土工程学报,2004,26(1):75-78.YANG Linde,JI Qianqian,ZHENG Yonglai,et al.Study on design of test box in shaking table test for subway station structure in soft soil[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2004,26(1):75-78.
[3]陈国兴,庄海洋,杜修力,等.土-地铁车站结构动力相互作用大型振动台模型试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2007,27(2):171-176.CHEN Guoxing,ZHUANG Haiyang,DU Xiuli,et al.Analysis of large-scale shaking table test of dynamic soilsubway station interaction[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2007,27(2):171-176.
[4]MEYMAND P.Shaking table scale model test of nonlinear soil-pile-superstructure interaction in soft clay[D].Berkeley:University of California,1998.
[5]WHITMAN R V,LAMBE P C.Effect of boundary conditions upon centrifuge experiments using ground motion simulation[J].Geotechnical Testing Journal,1986,9:61-71.
[6]WHITMAN R V,LAMBE P C,KUTTER B L.Initial results from a stacked ring apparatus for simulation of a soil profile[C]//Proceedings of the International Conference on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics.St.Louis:[s.n.],1981.
[7]MATSUDA T,GOTO Y.Studies on experimental technique of shaking table test for geotechnical problem[C]//Proceedings of the 9th World Conference Earthquake Engineering.Tokyo:WCEE,1998.
[8]TURAN A,HINCHBERGER S D,NAGGSR H E.Design and commissioning of a laminar soil container for use on small shaking tables[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2009,29:404-414.
[9]史晓军,陈隽,李杰.层状双向剪切模型箱的设计及振动台试验验证[J].地下空间与工程学报,2009,5(2):254-261.SHI Xiaojun,CHEN Juan,LI Jie.Design and verification of dual-direction shear laminar box for shaking table test[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2009,5(2):254-261.
[10]史晓军.非一致地震激励地下综合管廊大型振动台试验研究[D].上海:同济大学,2008.
[11]杜修力,李霞,陈国兴,等.悬挂式层状多向剪切模型箱的设计分析及试验验证[J].岩土工程学报,2012,34(3):424-432.DU Xiuli,LI Xia,CHEN Guoxing,et al.Design and test verification of suspension multidirectional laminar shear model box[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2012,34(3):424-432.
[12]李小军,王晓辉,李亮,等.一种三向剪切模型箱装置:CN 104865033A[P].2015-08-26.
[13]陈跃庆,吕西林,黄炜.结构-地基相互作用振动台试验中土体边界条件的模拟方法[J].结构工程师,2000(3):25-30.CHEN Yueqing,LXilin,HUANG Wei.Simulation method of soil boundary condition in shaking table tests of soil structure interaction[J].Structural Engineers,2000(3):25-30.
[14]朱伯龙.结构抗震试验[M].北京:地震出版社,1989.
[15]孟海.埋地管线-土动力相互作用非一致激励振动台模型试验研究[D].上海:同济大学,2008.
[16]崔光耀,王明年,于丽,等.断裂黏滑隧道减震缝减震技术模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(8):1603-1609.CUI Guangyao,WANG Mingnian,YU Li,et al.Model test study of shock absorption joint damping technology of crossing stick-slip fracture tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(8):1603-1609.
[17]崔光耀,王明年,于丽,等.穿越黏滑错动断层隧道减震层减震技术模拟试验研究[J].岩石工程学报,2013,35(9):1753-1758.CUI Guangyao,WANG Mingnian,YU Li,et al.Model tests on damping shake technology of shock absorption layer of tunnels crossing stick-slip faults[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2013,35(9):1753-1758.
[18]武伯弢,朱合华,徐前卫,等.Ⅳ级软弱围岩相似材料的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2013,34:109-116.WU Botao,ZHU Hehua,XU Qianwei,et al.Experimental study of similar material for weak surrounding rock mass of classⅣ[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34:109-116.