克拉玛依地区老龄人口医养结合需求现状及其影响因素分析
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摘要
目的了解克拉玛依地区老龄人口医养结合需求现状及其影响因素,为推进老龄人口科学养老提供理论支持。方法在克拉玛依的4个区按照分层整群抽样的方法,共调查1 000名老年人并发放医养结合养老调查问卷,获得老龄人口学特征和医养结合需求等基线资料,采用单因素卡方检验、多因素Logistic回归方法分析医养结合需求现状及其影响因素。结果知晓并了解医养结合养老的158人(16.11%),有医养结合需求者520人(53.01%),对现有的养老服务不满意者471人(48%)。希望能够得到家庭签约医生上门服务者600人(61.16%),希望有社区护理护士上门服务需求者617人(62.90%),希望将中医药传统养生保健融入养老生活者759人(77.37%)。选择"居家+社区"养老的517人(52.70%),选择养老机构内设医疗机构养老的112人(11.42%),选择医疗机构内养老的64人(6.52%)。子女是否支持、是否能承受重大疾病是老龄人口医养结合需求的影响因素(P <0.05)。结论克拉玛依地区老龄人口医养结合知晓率较低,应积极探索以居家为基础的社区医养结合养老服务,不断强化老人的医疗质量和医疗需求。
Objective To understand the status quo and influencing factors of the combination of medical and nursing needs of the elderly population in Karamay,and provide theoretical support for promoting the scientific pension of the elderly population.Methods In 4districts of Karamay,1 000 elderly people were surveyed by stratified cluster sampling method,and a questionnaire was issued to obtain the baseline data of demographic characteristics of the elderly and the demand for the combination of health care.The demand status and its influencing factors were analyzed by single factor chi-square test and multi-factor logistic regression.Results One hundred and fifty-eight people(16.11%)knew and understood the combination of medical care and old-age care,520people(53.01%)had the combination of medical care and old-age care needs,and 471people(48%)were not satisfied with the existing old-age care services.Hope to be able to get family contract doctor door-to-door service were 600people(61.16%),hope to have community nursing nurses door-to-door service demand were 617people(62.90%),hope to integrate traditional Chinese medicine health care into the elderly life were 759people(77.37%).517people(52.70%)were selected as "home+community"pension,112 people(11.42%)were selected as "home+community"pension,and 64people(6.52%)were selected as"home+community"pension.Whether the children support or not and the ability to bear major diseases are the influencing factors of the demand of the elderly population(P <0.05).Conclusion The awareness rate of the elderly population in Karamay area is low.We should actively explore the home-based community health care combined old-age care service,and constantly strengthen the medical quality and medical needs of the elderly.
Objective To understand the status quo and influencing factors of the combination of medical and nursing needs of the elderly population in Karamay,and provide theoretical support for promoting the scientific pension of the elderly population.Methods In 4districts of Karamay,1 000 elderly people were surveyed by stratified cluster sampling method,and a questionnaire was issued to obtain the baseline data of demographic characteristics of the elderly and the demand for the combination of health care.The demand status and its influencing factors were analyzed by single factor chi-square test and multi-factor logistic regression.Results One hundred and fifty-eight people(16.11%)knew and understood the combination of medical care and old-age care,520people(53.01%)had the combination of medical care and old-age care needs,and 471people(48%)were not satisfied with the existing old-age care services.Hope to be able to get family contract doctor door-to-door service were 600people(61.16%),hope to have community nursing nurses door-to-door service demand were 617people(62.90%),hope to integrate traditional Chinese medicine health care into the elderly life were 759people(77.37%).517people(52.70%)were selected as "home+community"pension,112 people(11.42%)were selected as "home+community"pension,and 64people(6.52%)were selected as"home+community"pension.Whether the children support or not and the ability to bear major diseases are the influencing factors of the demand of the elderly population(P <0.05).Conclusion The awareness rate of the elderly population in Karamay area is low.We should actively explore the home-based community health care combined old-age care service,and constantly strengthen the medical quality and medical needs of the elderly.
引文
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[2]国家统计局.中国统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2018.
[3]杨林,刘维,王月,等.基于健康老龄化视角下医养结合养老模式现状分析[J].中国保健营养,2017(25):4-5.
[4]董少龙.医养结合:做法、问题及建议—八省份医养结合工作情况调研报告[J].中国民政,2017(3):34-36.
[5]李腾,陈佳林.天津市居民对“医养结合”的认知、态度及影响因素分析[J].科技创业月刊,2015,29(21):39-42.
[6]汪忠杰,何珊珊.社区居家养老服务模式探析—以武汉市为例[J].武汉大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2014,67(4):124-128.
[7]张晓杰.医养结合养老创新的逻辑、瓶颈与政策选择[J].西北人口,2016,37(1):105-111.
[8]曹信邦.中国失能老人公共长期护理保险制度的构建[J].中国行政管理,2015(7):66-69.
[9]宋红玲,陈志菊.南通市老年人养老意愿影响因素分析[J].医学理论与实践,2013,26(16):2224-2226.
[10]李秀明,冯泽永,成秋娴,等.重庆市主城区老年人医养结合需求情况及影响因素研究[J].中国全科医学,2016,19(10):1199-1203.