野生葡萄‘燕山-1’ב河岸-3’种间杂交F_1代植株耐盐性鉴定
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摘要
对单芽茎段离体快繁获得的中国野生葡萄燕山-1(Vitis yeshanensis‘Yanshan~(-1)’)×河岸-3(V.riparia‘Hean-3’)杂种F_1代的31个株系、河岸-3和酿酒葡萄品种‘赤霞珠’(V.vinifera‘Cabernet Sauvignon’)的组培苗进行耐盐性筛选,以筛选出优良的耐盐株系作为砧木育种的材料。取离体快繁技术获得的试管苗中部生长较为一致的单芽茎段加入含有不同浓度NaCl的生根培养基中,培养40d内观察盐害症状,计算盐害指数,用相对耐盐指数对供试材料的耐盐性进行初步分级。通过筛选将供试的燕山-1×河岸-3杂种F_1代的31个株系分为5个类型:11个株系为高耐盐葡萄、5个株系为耐盐葡萄、7个株系为中耐盐葡萄、5个株系为盐敏感葡萄、3个为盐高敏葡萄。此外,河岸-3为高耐盐葡萄、‘赤霞珠’为盐敏感葡萄;燕山-1×河岸-3杂种F_1代的31个株系中有8个株系的耐盐表现优于父本河岸-3,出现超亲遗传现象。通过初步筛选,鉴定出11个高耐盐的杂种F_1代株系,可以作为优良的砧木材料。
In vitro plantlets received by single bud stem segments of 31 strains of Chinese wild Vitis species Yanshan~(-1)(Vitis yeshanensis)×Hean-3(Vitis riparia),Hean-3and a wine grape cultivar‘Cabernet Sauvignon'(Vitis vinifera)were screened for salt tolerance and strains which resisted to salt were expected to be used as stock materials for breeding in the future.The single bud stem segments in the middle part of these plantlets were incubated in the media with different NaCl concentrations.They were classified into different types preliminarily by observing the salt injury symptoms and calculating the salt injury index within 40 days.Thirty one hybrid F_1 generations of Yanshan~(-1)×Hean-3were divided into five types according to the relatively salt injury index:11strains for high salt tolerance,5for salt tolerance,7for moderate salt tolerance,5for salt sensitive grapes,and 3for high salt sensitive grapes.In addition,Hean-3was high resistance to salt,'Cabernet Sauvignon'was sensitive to salt;8out of the 31 hybrid F_1strains of Yanshan~(-1)×Hean-3performed better than the male parent Hean-3in salt stress process,appearing transgressive inheritance.Eleven hybrid F_1 generations were identified as high salt tolerance and could be used as resisted stock materials.
In vitro plantlets received by single bud stem segments of 31 strains of Chinese wild Vitis species Yanshan~(-1)(Vitis yeshanensis)×Hean-3(Vitis riparia),Hean-3and a wine grape cultivar‘Cabernet Sauvignon'(Vitis vinifera)were screened for salt tolerance and strains which resisted to salt were expected to be used as stock materials for breeding in the future.The single bud stem segments in the middle part of these plantlets were incubated in the media with different NaCl concentrations.They were classified into different types preliminarily by observing the salt injury symptoms and calculating the salt injury index within 40 days.Thirty one hybrid F_1 generations of Yanshan~(-1)×Hean-3were divided into five types according to the relatively salt injury index:11strains for high salt tolerance,5for salt tolerance,7for moderate salt tolerance,5for salt sensitive grapes,and 3for high salt sensitive grapes.In addition,Hean-3was high resistance to salt,'Cabernet Sauvignon'was sensitive to salt;8out of the 31 hybrid F_1strains of Yanshan~(-1)×Hean-3performed better than the male parent Hean-3in salt stress process,appearing transgressive inheritance.Eleven hybrid F_1 generations were identified as high salt tolerance and could be used as resisted stock materials.
引文
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[21]马翠兰,刘星辉,陈中海.果树对盐胁迫的反应及耐盐性鉴定的研究进展[J].福建农业大学学报,2000,29(2):161-166.
[22]金佩芳,蒋爱丽,李世诚.我国野生葡萄试管苗的建立研究[J].葡萄栽培与酿酒,1995(1):31-34.
[23]马凯,汪良驹,王业遴,等.十八种果树盐害症状与耐盐性研究[J].果树科学,1997,14(l):1-5.
[24]王海英,孙建设,马宝醌.苹果砧木组培苗耐盐筛选技术研究[J].果树科学,2001,17(3):188-191.
[25]杜中军,翟衡,罗新书,等.苹果砧木耐盐性鉴定及其指标判定[J].果树学报,2002,19(1):4-7.
[2]王佳丽,黄贤金,钟太洋,等.盐碱地可持续利用研究综述[J].地理学报,2011,66(5):673-684.
[3]尹勤瑞.盐碱化对土壤物理及水动力学性质的影响[D].陕西杨陵:西北农林科技大学,2011.
[4]赵旭,王林权,周春菊,等.盐胁迫对四种基因型冬小麦幼苗Na+、K+吸收和累积的影响[J].生态学报,2007,27(1):205-213.
[5]史军辉,王新英,刘茂秀,等.NaCl胁迫对胡杨幼苗叶主要渗透调节物质的影响[J].西北林学院学报2004,29(6):6-11.SHI J H,WANG X Y,LIU M X,et al.Effects of NaCl on main osmotic adjustment substances in the seedling leaves of Populus euphratica[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2014,29(6):6-11.(in Chinese)
[6]W拉夏埃尔.植物生理生态学[M].李博,译.北京:科学出版社,1982:154.
[7]王连军,黄甫淳,王铭,等.盐碱胁迫下山葡萄的叶绿素含量与耐盐性关系的研究[J].葡萄栽培与酿酒,1995(4):1-3.
[8]王铭.盐碱胁迫下山葡萄嫁接苗生理生化特性研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2007.
[9]王跃进,杨亚州,张剑侠,等.中国葡萄属野生种及其种间F1代抗旱性鉴定初探[J].园艺学报,2004,31(6):711-714.
[10]张文娥.中国葡萄属野生种抗寒性鉴定与抗寒基因的RAPD标记[D].陕西杨陵:西北农林科技大学,2005.
[11]赵秀梅,张剑侠,王跃进.葡萄组织苗耐盐性研究[J].果树学报,2005,22(3):202-206.ZHAO X M,ZHANG J X,WANG Y J.Study on the salt tolerance of grape tube plantlets[J].Journal of Fruit Science,2005,22(3):202-206.(in Chinese)
[12]王志刚,包耀贤.12个树种耐盐性田间比较试验[J].防护林科技,2000(4):9-11.
[13]王玉祥,刘静,乔来秋,等.41个引种树种的耐盐性评定与选择[J].西北林学院学报,2004,19(4):55-58.WANG Y X,LIU J,QIAO L Q,et al.Evaluation and selection of salt tolerance of 41introduced species of tree[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2004,19(4):55-58.(in Chinese)
[14]李国雷,孙明高,夏阳,等.NaC1胁迫下黄栌、紫荆的部分生理生化反应动态变化规律的研究[J].山东农业大学学报:自然科学版,2004,35(2):173-176.
[15]郭晓丽,时丽冉,白丽荣,等.不同小麦品种的耐盐性研究[J].江苏农业科学,2008(4):43-45.
[16]阎艳霞,王玉魁,张东.不同枣品种对NaCl胁迫的适应性研究[J].河南农业大学学报,2008,42(4):398-341.
[17]杨升,张华新,张丽.植物耐盐生理生化指标及耐盐植物筛选综述[J].西北林学院学报,2010,25(3):59-65.YANG S,ZHANG H X,ZHANG L.Physiological and biochemical indices of salt tolerance and scanning of salt-tolerance plants:a review[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2010,25(3):59-65.(in Chinese)
[18]潘学军,张文娥,唐冬梅,等.无核葡萄离体快繁技术研究[J].中国南方果树,2007,36(2):44-46.
[19]王业遴,马凯,姜卫兵,等.五种果树耐盐力试验初报[J].中国果树,1990(3):8-12.
[20]李立会,李秀全.小麦种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006:65-67.
[21]马翠兰,刘星辉,陈中海.果树对盐胁迫的反应及耐盐性鉴定的研究进展[J].福建农业大学学报,2000,29(2):161-166.
[22]金佩芳,蒋爱丽,李世诚.我国野生葡萄试管苗的建立研究[J].葡萄栽培与酿酒,1995(1):31-34.
[23]马凯,汪良驹,王业遴,等.十八种果树盐害症状与耐盐性研究[J].果树科学,1997,14(l):1-5.
[24]王海英,孙建设,马宝醌.苹果砧木组培苗耐盐筛选技术研究[J].果树科学,2001,17(3):188-191.
[25]杜中军,翟衡,罗新书,等.苹果砧木耐盐性鉴定及其指标判定[J].果树学报,2002,19(1):4-7.