葡萄砧木的耐盐性评价
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摘要
以20份葡萄砧木材料及2个对照栽培品种玫瑰香、红地球的半木质化单芽茎段为外植体建立无菌系,然后在1/2 MS+IBA 0.2 mg/L+NAA 0.05 mg/L继代培养基上获得组培苗,取组培苗单芽小茎段接种于添加不同质量浓度NaCl的继代培养基上进行耐盐性筛选。结果表明:盐胁迫50 d后,组培苗的盐害指数随盐浓度的提高而增加,株高、根长和一级根数目均随盐浓度的提高而降低。以盐害指数作为主指标,参考株高、根长和一级根数目3项指标,供试葡萄材料的耐盐性分为4个类型:红地球、玫瑰香、河山-1、Dog Ridge、6-12-6、00-1-10属于耐盐类型;YH6、YH56、00-1-5、左山75097、1-1-8属于较耐盐类型;188-08、101-14、河岸葡萄(♀)、1-1-6、SO4、6-12-1、YT2、6-12-4、YT48属于盐较敏感类型;燕山-1、1103P属于盐敏感类型。
The sterile system of explants of 20 grape rootstock materials and two control Vitis vinifera cv Muscat Hamburg(CK1) and Red Globe(CK2) were established using semi-lignified single-bud stem; and then the tube plantlets were obtained by subculture in 1/2 MS + IBA 0.2 mg/L + 0.05 mg/L NAA medium; finally, salt tolerance experiment of grape tube plantlets were carried out by adding different concentration of NaCl in subculture medium. The results showed that: fifty days later, salt injury index of tube plantlets increased with the increase of salt concentration, plant height, root length and root number were reduced with the increase of salt concentration. With the salt injury index as the main index, and three indicators plant height, root length and root number as reference, salt tolerance of the tested grape materials could be divided into four types: Red Globe, Muscat Hamburg, Heshan-1, Dog Ridge, 6-12-6 and 00-1-10 were salt tolerance type; YH6, YH56, 00-1-5, Zuoshan 75097, 1-1-8 were slight salt tolerance type; 188-08, 101-14, Vitis riparia(♀), 1-1-6, SO4, 6-12-1, YT2, 6-12-1 and YT48 were slight salt sensitive type; Yanshan-1 and 1103 P were salt sensitive type.
The sterile system of explants of 20 grape rootstock materials and two control Vitis vinifera cv Muscat Hamburg(CK1) and Red Globe(CK2) were established using semi-lignified single-bud stem; and then the tube plantlets were obtained by subculture in 1/2 MS + IBA 0.2 mg/L + 0.05 mg/L NAA medium; finally, salt tolerance experiment of grape tube plantlets were carried out by adding different concentration of NaCl in subculture medium. The results showed that: fifty days later, salt injury index of tube plantlets increased with the increase of salt concentration, plant height, root length and root number were reduced with the increase of salt concentration. With the salt injury index as the main index, and three indicators plant height, root length and root number as reference, salt tolerance of the tested grape materials could be divided into four types: Red Globe, Muscat Hamburg, Heshan-1, Dog Ridge, 6-12-6 and 00-1-10 were salt tolerance type; YH6, YH56, 00-1-5, Zuoshan 75097, 1-1-8 were slight salt tolerance type; 188-08, 101-14, Vitis riparia(♀), 1-1-6, SO4, 6-12-1, YT2, 6-12-1 and YT48 were slight salt sensitive type; Yanshan-1 and 1103 P were salt sensitive type.
引文
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[15]马爱红,孙秀波,刘长江,等.葡萄多抗砧木的选择与利用[J].河北农业科学,2011,15(8):22-25.
[16]赵秀梅,张剑侠,王跃进.葡萄组培苗耐盐性研究[J].果树学报,2005,22(3):202-206.
[17]李宏宇,李粉霞,李宝江.葡萄盐害症状与耐盐性鉴定研究[J].中国果树,2010(1):19-23.
[18]秦红艳,艾军,李昌禹,等.山葡萄组培苗盐害指数和耐盐指数主成分分析[J].北方园艺,2013(16):18-21.
[19]樊秀彩,刘崇怀,潘兴,等.水培条件下葡萄砧木对氯化钠的耐性鉴定[J].果树学报,2004,21(2):128-131.
[20]袁军伟,刘长江,韩斌,等.营养钵基部浸泡盐液法鉴定葡萄砧木的耐盐性及其生理响应[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2015,37(7):44-51.
[21]高扬,高献亭.葡萄砧木植物学性状及抗盐性的观察[J].中外葡萄与葡萄酒,2015(1):19-20.
[22]夏思哲,李铁梅,李凤菊,等.野生葡萄“燕山-1×河岸-3”种间杂交F1代植株耐盐性鉴定[J].西北林学院学报,2017,32(1):150-156.
[23]ZHANG J,WU X,NIU R,et al.Cold-resistance evaluation in25 wild grape species[J].Vitis,2012,51(4):153-160.
[24]贺普超,罗国光.葡萄学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1994.
[2]樊秀彩,张亚冰,刘崇怀,等.Na Cl胁迫对葡萄幼苗叶片有机渗透调节物质和膜脂过氧化的影响[J].果树学报,2007,24(6):765-769.
[3]FLOWERS T J.Salinisation and horticultural production[J].Scientia Hoticulturae,1999,78(1):l-4.
[4]STOREY R,WALKER R.Citrus and salinity[J].Scientia Hoticulturae,1998,78(1/4):39-81.
[5]MUNNS R.Physiological processes limiting plant growth in saline soils:some dogmas and hypotheses[J].Plant Cell&Environment,1993,16(1):15-24.
[6]ARBABZADEH F,DUTT G.Salt tolerance of grape rootstocks under greenhouse conditions[J].American Journal of Enology&Viticulture,1987,38(2):95-99.
[7]马凯,汪良驹,汪业遴,等.十八种果树盐害症状与耐盐性研究[J].果树科学,1997,14(l):1-5.
[8]陈姗姗.果树植物的耐盐力[J].河北农学报,1981(2):73-76.
[9]张福锁.环境胁迫与植物育种[M].北京:农业出版社,1993.
[10]马跃.葡萄砧木苗期耐盐试验初报[J].葡萄栽培与酿酒,1991(3):6-8.
[11]沙霍夫,A A.植物的抗盐性[M].韩国饶,译.北京:科学出版社,1965.
[12]LEVITT J.Responses of plants to environmental stresses.Volume II.Water,radiation,salt,and other stresses[M]//Responses of plants to environmental stresses.Academic Press,1982:3642-3645.
[13]张剑侠,王跃进,李佩玲,等.中国野生葡萄的离体培养与快速繁殖.园艺学报,2004,31(1):90-93.
[14]刘崇怀,沈育杰,陈俊.葡萄种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006:101-105.
[15]马爱红,孙秀波,刘长江,等.葡萄多抗砧木的选择与利用[J].河北农业科学,2011,15(8):22-25.
[16]赵秀梅,张剑侠,王跃进.葡萄组培苗耐盐性研究[J].果树学报,2005,22(3):202-206.
[17]李宏宇,李粉霞,李宝江.葡萄盐害症状与耐盐性鉴定研究[J].中国果树,2010(1):19-23.
[18]秦红艳,艾军,李昌禹,等.山葡萄组培苗盐害指数和耐盐指数主成分分析[J].北方园艺,2013(16):18-21.
[19]樊秀彩,刘崇怀,潘兴,等.水培条件下葡萄砧木对氯化钠的耐性鉴定[J].果树学报,2004,21(2):128-131.
[20]袁军伟,刘长江,韩斌,等.营养钵基部浸泡盐液法鉴定葡萄砧木的耐盐性及其生理响应[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2015,37(7):44-51.
[21]高扬,高献亭.葡萄砧木植物学性状及抗盐性的观察[J].中外葡萄与葡萄酒,2015(1):19-20.
[22]夏思哲,李铁梅,李凤菊,等.野生葡萄“燕山-1×河岸-3”种间杂交F1代植株耐盐性鉴定[J].西北林学院学报,2017,32(1):150-156.
[23]ZHANG J,WU X,NIU R,et al.Cold-resistance evaluation in25 wild grape species[J].Vitis,2012,51(4):153-160.
[24]贺普超,罗国光.葡萄学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1994.