金黄色葡萄球菌的临床分布特点及耐药性分析
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摘要
目的对金黄色葡萄球菌的临床分布特点及耐药性进行分析研究,为临床合理用药提供指导依据。方法对本院就诊患者分泌物中提取的190株金黄色葡萄球菌进行分离,对菌株出现的科室进行统计;并采用VITEK-32型仪、血浆凝固酶试验和黄金色葡萄球菌单克隆抗体进行菌株检测,监测其耐药性。结果 190株金黄色葡萄球菌中有88株耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌。金黄色葡萄球菌及耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌在重症加强护理病房(ICU)、脑外科、儿科及门诊分布较多,在泌尿外科、呼吸科、普外科分布较少。190株金黄色葡萄球菌中,对青霉素类药物的耐药性最强,耐药率为89.47%(170/190);对红霉素类药物、苯唑西林耐药率分别为63.68%(121/190)、34.21%(65/190),对利福平耐药率为2.11%(4/190),对呋喃妥因耐药率为0.53%(1/190),对万古霉素及利奈唑胺两种药物无耐药性。结论金黄色葡萄球菌耐药率有增加趋势,且耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌耐药性更加严重,应加强院内感染的预防和控制,规范使用抗生素。
Objective To analyze and study the clinical distribution and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus, and provide guidance for rational drug use in clinic. Methods 190 strains of Staphylococcus aureus extracted from the secretions of patients in our hospital. Statistical analysis was carried out on the departments where the strains appeared, and the drug resistance of the strains was monitored by VITEK-32 instrument, plasma coagulase test and monoclonal antibodies against Staphylococcus aureus. Results There were 88 strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in 190 strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus are widely distributed in intensive care unit(ICU), brain surgery, pediatrics and outpatients, and are less distributed in urology, respiratory, and general surgery. Among the 190 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, the resistance to penicillin was the strongest, with resistance rate as 89.47%(170/190); the resistance rate to erythromycin and oxacillin was 63.68%(121/190), 34.21%(65/190), resistance rate to rifampicin was 2.11%(4/190), resistance rate to nitrofurantoin was 0.53%(1/190), and vancomycin and linezolid were not resistant. Conclusion The resistance rate of Staphylococcus aureus is increasing, and the resistance to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is more serious. The prevention and control of nosocomial infection should be strengthened, and the use of antibiotics should be regulated.
Objective To analyze and study the clinical distribution and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus, and provide guidance for rational drug use in clinic. Methods 190 strains of Staphylococcus aureus extracted from the secretions of patients in our hospital. Statistical analysis was carried out on the departments where the strains appeared, and the drug resistance of the strains was monitored by VITEK-32 instrument, plasma coagulase test and monoclonal antibodies against Staphylococcus aureus. Results There were 88 strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in 190 strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus are widely distributed in intensive care unit(ICU), brain surgery, pediatrics and outpatients, and are less distributed in urology, respiratory, and general surgery. Among the 190 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, the resistance to penicillin was the strongest, with resistance rate as 89.47%(170/190); the resistance rate to erythromycin and oxacillin was 63.68%(121/190), 34.21%(65/190), resistance rate to rifampicin was 2.11%(4/190), resistance rate to nitrofurantoin was 0.53%(1/190), and vancomycin and linezolid were not resistant. Conclusion The resistance rate of Staphylococcus aureus is increasing, and the resistance to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is more serious. The prevention and control of nosocomial infection should be strengthened, and the use of antibiotics should be regulated.
引文
[1]余瑶,徐莉,黄君富,等.耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的SCCmec分型及耐药性分析.国际检验医学杂志, 2016, 37(4):455-456.
[2]郑世翔,翁钦永,陈冬梅,等.柚皮素缓解小鼠金黄色葡萄球菌肺炎的损伤作用及其机制.中国老年学杂志, 2015, 35(14):3849-3850.
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[4]仇广翠,孙明忠,金浩. 220株金黄色葡萄球菌的临床分布特点及耐药性分析.中国实验诊断学, 2016(2):269-271.
[5]刘广志.金黄色葡萄球菌400株的临床分布特点及耐药性分析.基层医学论坛, 2017, 21(11):1376-1377.
[6]李凤娥,包青春,曹银芳.金黄色葡萄球菌的临床分布及耐药性分析.内蒙古医学杂志, 2016, 48(4):493-494.
[7]郭建军.金黄色葡萄球菌的临床分布及耐药性分析.中国医药指南, 2017, 15(11):12-13.
[8]张静玲,江永忠,姚璇,等.某医院患者金黄色葡萄球菌感染的临床分布及耐药性分析.中国消毒学杂志, 2016, 33(9):874-876.
[2]郑世翔,翁钦永,陈冬梅,等.柚皮素缓解小鼠金黄色葡萄球菌肺炎的损伤作用及其机制.中国老年学杂志, 2015, 35(14):3849-3850.
[3]赵建平,周秀岚.痰标本中金黄色葡萄球菌的分离及耐药性分析.中国医药, 2014, 9(2):266-268.
[4]仇广翠,孙明忠,金浩. 220株金黄色葡萄球菌的临床分布特点及耐药性分析.中国实验诊断学, 2016(2):269-271.
[5]刘广志.金黄色葡萄球菌400株的临床分布特点及耐药性分析.基层医学论坛, 2017, 21(11):1376-1377.
[6]李凤娥,包青春,曹银芳.金黄色葡萄球菌的临床分布及耐药性分析.内蒙古医学杂志, 2016, 48(4):493-494.
[7]郭建军.金黄色葡萄球菌的临床分布及耐药性分析.中国医药指南, 2017, 15(11):12-13.
[8]张静玲,江永忠,姚璇,等.某医院患者金黄色葡萄球菌感染的临床分布及耐药性分析.中国消毒学杂志, 2016, 33(9):874-876.