栀子褐斑病病原菌生物学特性研究
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摘要
从栀子植株褐斑病叶片病变部位分离到的病原菌。经致病性测定确定该病原菌为葡萄座腔菌属Botryosphaeria的葡萄座腔菌Botryosphaeria dothidea。本试验研究了病原菌的生物学特性,包括不同温度、光照时间、p H值、碳氮源营养对菌丝生长和子实体萌发的影响,并确定了菌丝和子实体的致死温度。结果表明,菌丝生长的温度范围为10~35℃,最佳生长温度为30℃,菌丝在p H 4~10范围内均能生长,最适p H为5。适宜菌丝生长的碳、氮源分别为可溶性淀粉和酵母膏。光暗交替条件下更适合菌丝生长。子实体在15~40℃范围内均可萌发,最佳温度为25℃。在p H 3~11范围内子实体均能萌发,最佳p H为9。子实体萌发的最佳碳、氮源分别为可溶性淀粉和硝酸钙。黑暗条件下适宜菌核萌发。子实体和菌丝的致死温度均为60℃。
Leaf spot lesions pathogens were isolated from gardenia plants,which were identified as Botryosphaeria dothidea. The experiment studied the biological characteristics of pathogens, including different temperature, illumination time,p H,carbon and nitrogen source for mycelial growth and sclerotia nutrition germination and determine the mycelium and sclerotia lethal temperature. The results showed that mycelial growth temperature ranged from 10 ~ 35 ℃,the optimum growth temperature was 30 ℃,the mycelium could grow within p H 4 to p H 10,the optimum p H value was p H 5. Suitable carbon and nitrogen sources for mycelial growth were soluble starch and yeast extract. Alternating light and dark condition was more suitable for mycelial growth. Sclerotia could germinate at the range of 15 ℃ to 40 ℃,and the optimum temperature was 25 ℃. In sclerotia could germinate at the range of p H 3 to p H 11,and the optimum p H value is p H 9. Soluble starch and calcium nitrate were the optimum carbon and nitrogen sources for the germination of sclerotia. Under dark conditions it was suitable for military and germination. The lethal temperatures of sclerotia and mycelium are 60 ℃.
Leaf spot lesions pathogens were isolated from gardenia plants,which were identified as Botryosphaeria dothidea. The experiment studied the biological characteristics of pathogens, including different temperature, illumination time,p H,carbon and nitrogen source for mycelial growth and sclerotia nutrition germination and determine the mycelium and sclerotia lethal temperature. The results showed that mycelial growth temperature ranged from 10 ~ 35 ℃,the optimum growth temperature was 30 ℃,the mycelium could grow within p H 4 to p H 10,the optimum p H value was p H 5. Suitable carbon and nitrogen sources for mycelial growth were soluble starch and yeast extract. Alternating light and dark condition was more suitable for mycelial growth. Sclerotia could germinate at the range of 15 ℃ to 40 ℃,and the optimum temperature was 25 ℃. In sclerotia could germinate at the range of p H 3 to p H 11,and the optimum p H value is p H 9. Soluble starch and calcium nitrate were the optimum carbon and nitrogen sources for the germination of sclerotia. Under dark conditions it was suitable for military and germination. The lethal temperatures of sclerotia and mycelium are 60 ℃.
引文
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[3]李国元,邓青云.栀子主要病害发生特点及综合防治[J].湖北林业科技.2003(3):24-26.
[4]姜晓龙,金磊磊,陈辉辉,等.1株侵染蓖麻的葡萄座腔菌菌株鉴定[J].江苏农业科学.2015,43(2):319-322.
[5]李冬,刘兴平.栀子病害调查及病原鉴定初报[J].江西林业科技.2009,(5):31-32.
[6]古丽君,徐秉良,李彬,等.草坪禾草根腐病病原菌生物学特性研究[J].草业学报,2012,21(3):93-98.
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