贵州省三都-丹寨成矿带中卡林型金矿地球化学特征及成矿物质来源初探
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摘要
为探讨三都-丹寨成矿带中卡林型金矿地球化学特征及成矿物质来源,总结了最近的研究成果以及相关数据,结果表明,三都-丹寨卡林型金矿中与成矿相关的方解石、萤石呈现中稀土富集型,方解石δ13 CPDB=-1.61~-5.82‰,δ18 OSMOW=13.97~19.24‰,辉锑矿和雄黄δ34S=14.5‰~22.37‰,辉锑矿和辰砂208Pb/204Pb=37.160~40.330,207 Pb/204 Pb=15.351~16.330,206Pb/204Pb=17.101~20.080,表明三都-丹寨卡林型金矿成矿物质(碳、氧、硫、铅)可能主要来自该区地层,与黔西南卡林型金矿(成矿物质可能主要来自深部岩浆)有明显区别。其δD和δ18 O值显示成矿流体可能主要为卤水和变质流体组成的混合流体,并且到达浅部时混入了大气降水,成矿流体在其演化过程中,可能与有机质发生了同位素交换,或者发生过多期成矿作用。
To discuss geochemical characteristics and the source of ore-forming material of Sandu-Danzhai Carlin-type gold deposits,we collected data of Carlin-type gold deposits in the Sandu-Danzhai area,compared with deposits in the southwestern Guizhou province,and systematically summarized results of prior researches.It indicated that metallogenesis related calcite and fluorite in the Sandu-Danzhai ore belt are MREE enriched.Theδ13CPDBand theδ18OSMOW values in calcites are-1.61‰~-5.82‰and 13.97‰~9.24‰,respectively.Theδ34S values of stibnite and realgar are 14.5‰~22.37‰ with an average of 18.05‰.The lead isotope ratios,208Pb/204Pb,207Pb/204Pb and 206Pb/204Pb,of stibnite and cinnabar are 37.160~40.330,15.351~16.330and 17.101~20.080,respectively,indicating that the metallogenic materials(C,O,S and Pb)may mainly come from the strata,which is obviously different from the Carlin-type gold deposits in southwestern Guizhou Province(whose might mainly come fromthe deep magma).TheδD andδ18 O results indicates that the ore-forming fluids were primarily mixed brine-metamorphic fluids and atmospheric water might have infiltrated in at the shallow.The isotopes of the ore-forming fliud might have exchanged with organic matter during its evolution,or mutiperiodic mineralization happened.
To discuss geochemical characteristics and the source of ore-forming material of Sandu-Danzhai Carlin-type gold deposits,we collected data of Carlin-type gold deposits in the Sandu-Danzhai area,compared with deposits in the southwestern Guizhou province,and systematically summarized results of prior researches.It indicated that metallogenesis related calcite and fluorite in the Sandu-Danzhai ore belt are MREE enriched.Theδ13CPDBand theδ18OSMOW values in calcites are-1.61‰~-5.82‰and 13.97‰~9.24‰,respectively.Theδ34S values of stibnite and realgar are 14.5‰~22.37‰ with an average of 18.05‰.The lead isotope ratios,208Pb/204Pb,207Pb/204Pb and 206Pb/204Pb,of stibnite and cinnabar are 37.160~40.330,15.351~16.330and 17.101~20.080,respectively,indicating that the metallogenic materials(C,O,S and Pb)may mainly come from the strata,which is obviously different from the Carlin-type gold deposits in southwestern Guizhou Province(whose might mainly come fromthe deep magma).TheδD andδ18 O results indicates that the ore-forming fluids were primarily mixed brine-metamorphic fluids and atmospheric water might have infiltrated in at the shallow.The isotopes of the ore-forming fliud might have exchanged with organic matter during its evolution,or mutiperiodic mineralization happened.
引文
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Chaussidon M,Lorand J P.1990.Sulphur isotope composition of orogenic spinel lherzolite massifs from Ariege(North-Eastern Pyrenees,France):An ion microprobe study[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,54(10):2835-2846.
Hoefs J.1980.Stable isotope geochemistry[M].2nd ed.Berlin,Heidelberg,New York:Springer-Verlag,1-200.
Hofstra A H,Cline J S.2000.Characteristics and models for Carlin-type gold deposits[J].Reviews in Economic Geology,13:163-220.
Hsueh W Y,Epstein S.1981.Hydrogen and carbon isotopes of petroleum and related organic matter[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,45(5):753-762.
Hu R Z,Su W C,Bi X W,Tu G Z,Hofstra A H.2002.Geology and geochemistry of Carlin-type gold deposits in China[J].Mineralium Deposita,37:378-392.
Su W C,Xia B,Zhang H T,Zhang X C,Hu R Z.2008.Visible gold in arsenian pyrite at the Shuiyindong Carlin-type gold deposit,Guizhou,China:Implications for the environment and processes of ore formation[J].Ore Geology Reviews,33:667-679.
Sun S S,McDonough W R.1989.Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts:Implication for the mantle composition and process[J].Saunder A D,Norry M J.Magmatism in the Ocean Basis[M].Londin:Geological Society Special Dublication,42:313-345.
Taylor H P.1974.The application of oxygen and hydrogen isotope studies to problems of hydrothermal alteration and ore deposition[J].Econmic geology,42:108-121.
Yan B W,Xia Y,Wang Z P,Tan Q P,Wu S R,Fan E C.2012.Geochemica characteristics and metallogenesis of carlin-type gold deposits in the Sandu-Danzhai metallogenic zone,Guizhou procince,China[J].Chinese Journal of Geochemistry,31:209-220.
Zartman R E,Doe B R.1981.Plumbo tectnoics-the model[J].Tectonophysics,75:135-162.
陈庆年,周丕康,夏勇,贾荣芬,刘德汉.1998.贵州丹寨水银厂矿田微细粒浸染型金矿地质地球化学研究[R].贵阳:贵州工业大学,1-67.
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董光贵.2007.黔东南排庭金矿地质特征[J].矿物学报,27(增刊):96-97.
范二川.2010.贵州省丹寨县排庭金矿地质调查设计报告[R].1-57.
高振敏,李红阳,杨竹森,陶琰,罗泰义,刘显凡,夏勇,饶文波.2002.滇黔地区主要类型金矿的成矿与找矿[M].北京:地质出版社,1-230.
何立贤,曾若兰,林立青.1993.贵州金矿地质[M].北京:地质出版社,1-130.
贾荣芬,陈庆年,周丕康,夏勇,吴学益.1993.贵州丹寨卡林型金矿中金的富集阶段与有机质演化关系[J].地质找矿论丛,8(4):69-81.
李红阳,高振敏,杨竹森,罗泰义,饶文波.2002.贵州丹寨卡林型金矿床地球化学特征[J].地质科学,37(1):1-7.
毛景文,王志良,李厚民,王成玉,陈毓川.2003.云南鲁甸地区二叠纪玄武岩中铜矿床的碳氧同位素对成矿过程的指示[J].地质论评,49(6):610-615.
彭建堂,胡瑞忠,漆亮,蒋国豪.2002.晴隆锑矿床中萤石的稀土元素特征及其指示意义[J].地质科学,37(3):277-287.
彭建堂,胡瑞忠,漆亮,赵军红,符亚洲.2004.锡矿山热液方解石的REE分配模式及其制约因素[J].地质论评,50(1):25-32.
邵树勋,张乾,潘家永.1999.丹寨汞金矿床卤素元素与古油藏关系探讨[J].地质地球化学,27(4):23-27.
王尚彦,陶平,戴传固,况顺达.2006.贵州东部金矿[M].北京:地质出版社,1-179.
王泽鹏,夏勇,宋谢炎,游彬,郑新华,汪小勇.2012.太平洞-紫木凼金矿区同位素和稀土元素特征及成矿物质来源探讨[J].矿物学报,32(1):93-100.
伍守荣.2008.贵州省排庭金矿地质特征与成因分析[J].矿产与地质,22(1):55-61.
夏勇,张瑜,苏文超,陶琰,张兴春,刘建中,邓一明.2009.黔西南水银洞层控超大型卡林型金矿床成矿模式及成矿预测研究[J].地质学报,83(10):1473-1482.
严钧平,杨科伍,王华云,曾若兰,丁龙骧,李强,李良玉,向茂木,黄成林.1989.贵州汞矿地质[M].北京:地质出版社,1-366.
张静,陈衍景,陈华勇,张冠,杨艳.2008.河南桐柏围山城层控金银成矿带同位素地球化学[J].地学前缘,15(4):108-124.
张乾,潘家永,邵树勋.2000.中国某些金属矿床矿石铅来源的铅同位素诠释[J].地球化学,29(3):231-238.
张瑜,夏勇,王泽鹏,闫宝文,付芝康,陈明.2010.贵州簸箕田金矿单矿物稀土元素和同位素地球化学特征[J].地学前缘,17(2):385—395.
朱炳泉.1998.地球科学中同位素体系理论与应用-兼论中国大陆壳幔演化[M].北京:科学出版社,1-330.
Chaussidon M,Lorand J P.1990.Sulphur isotope composition of orogenic spinel lherzolite massifs from Ariege(North-Eastern Pyrenees,France):An ion microprobe study[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,54(10):2835-2846.
Hoefs J.1980.Stable isotope geochemistry[M].2nd ed.Berlin,Heidelberg,New York:Springer-Verlag,1-200.
Hofstra A H,Cline J S.2000.Characteristics and models for Carlin-type gold deposits[J].Reviews in Economic Geology,13:163-220.
Hsueh W Y,Epstein S.1981.Hydrogen and carbon isotopes of petroleum and related organic matter[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,45(5):753-762.
Hu R Z,Su W C,Bi X W,Tu G Z,Hofstra A H.2002.Geology and geochemistry of Carlin-type gold deposits in China[J].Mineralium Deposita,37:378-392.
Su W C,Xia B,Zhang H T,Zhang X C,Hu R Z.2008.Visible gold in arsenian pyrite at the Shuiyindong Carlin-type gold deposit,Guizhou,China:Implications for the environment and processes of ore formation[J].Ore Geology Reviews,33:667-679.
Sun S S,McDonough W R.1989.Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts:Implication for the mantle composition and process[J].Saunder A D,Norry M J.Magmatism in the Ocean Basis[M].Londin:Geological Society Special Dublication,42:313-345.
Taylor H P.1974.The application of oxygen and hydrogen isotope studies to problems of hydrothermal alteration and ore deposition[J].Econmic geology,42:108-121.
Yan B W,Xia Y,Wang Z P,Tan Q P,Wu S R,Fan E C.2012.Geochemica characteristics and metallogenesis of carlin-type gold deposits in the Sandu-Danzhai metallogenic zone,Guizhou procince,China[J].Chinese Journal of Geochemistry,31:209-220.
Zartman R E,Doe B R.1981.Plumbo tectnoics-the model[J].Tectonophysics,75:135-162.
陈庆年,周丕康,夏勇,贾荣芬,刘德汉.1998.贵州丹寨水银厂矿田微细粒浸染型金矿地质地球化学研究[R].贵阳:贵州工业大学,1-67.
陈衍景,隋颖慧,Franco Pirajno.2003.CMF模式的排他性依据和造山型银矿实例:东秦岭铁炉坪银矿同位素地球化学[J].岩石学报,19(3):551-568.
董光贵.2007.黔东南排庭金矿地质特征[J].矿物学报,27(增刊):96-97.
范二川.2010.贵州省丹寨县排庭金矿地质调查设计报告[R].1-57.
高振敏,李红阳,杨竹森,陶琰,罗泰义,刘显凡,夏勇,饶文波.2002.滇黔地区主要类型金矿的成矿与找矿[M].北京:地质出版社,1-230.
何立贤,曾若兰,林立青.1993.贵州金矿地质[M].北京:地质出版社,1-130.
贾荣芬,陈庆年,周丕康,夏勇,吴学益.1993.贵州丹寨卡林型金矿中金的富集阶段与有机质演化关系[J].地质找矿论丛,8(4):69-81.
李红阳,高振敏,杨竹森,罗泰义,饶文波.2002.贵州丹寨卡林型金矿床地球化学特征[J].地质科学,37(1):1-7.
毛景文,王志良,李厚民,王成玉,陈毓川.2003.云南鲁甸地区二叠纪玄武岩中铜矿床的碳氧同位素对成矿过程的指示[J].地质论评,49(6):610-615.
彭建堂,胡瑞忠,漆亮,蒋国豪.2002.晴隆锑矿床中萤石的稀土元素特征及其指示意义[J].地质科学,37(3):277-287.
彭建堂,胡瑞忠,漆亮,赵军红,符亚洲.2004.锡矿山热液方解石的REE分配模式及其制约因素[J].地质论评,50(1):25-32.
邵树勋,张乾,潘家永.1999.丹寨汞金矿床卤素元素与古油藏关系探讨[J].地质地球化学,27(4):23-27.
王尚彦,陶平,戴传固,况顺达.2006.贵州东部金矿[M].北京:地质出版社,1-179.
王泽鹏,夏勇,宋谢炎,游彬,郑新华,汪小勇.2012.太平洞-紫木凼金矿区同位素和稀土元素特征及成矿物质来源探讨[J].矿物学报,32(1):93-100.
伍守荣.2008.贵州省排庭金矿地质特征与成因分析[J].矿产与地质,22(1):55-61.
夏勇,张瑜,苏文超,陶琰,张兴春,刘建中,邓一明.2009.黔西南水银洞层控超大型卡林型金矿床成矿模式及成矿预测研究[J].地质学报,83(10):1473-1482.
严钧平,杨科伍,王华云,曾若兰,丁龙骧,李强,李良玉,向茂木,黄成林.1989.贵州汞矿地质[M].北京:地质出版社,1-366.
张静,陈衍景,陈华勇,张冠,杨艳.2008.河南桐柏围山城层控金银成矿带同位素地球化学[J].地学前缘,15(4):108-124.
张乾,潘家永,邵树勋.2000.中国某些金属矿床矿石铅来源的铅同位素诠释[J].地球化学,29(3):231-238.
张瑜,夏勇,王泽鹏,闫宝文,付芝康,陈明.2010.贵州簸箕田金矿单矿物稀土元素和同位素地球化学特征[J].地学前缘,17(2):385—395.
朱炳泉.1998.地球科学中同位素体系理论与应用-兼论中国大陆壳幔演化[M].北京:科学出版社,1-330.