川西南部沙湾组-峨眉山玄武岩井段井壁失稳机理分析及应对措施
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摘要
针对川西南部地区沙湾组、峨眉山玄武岩存在严重井壁失稳、垮塌卡钻复杂频繁的难题,结合岩石失稳机理分析及现场工况分析,优选出一套适用于该井段的强抑制、强封堵型钻井液体系。该体系的滚动回收率达99.98%,FLHTHP为3.6m L,FL′HTHP为4.8 mL,FL砂床为4.4 mL。并设计了专项封堵段塞,制定了封堵段塞施工工艺。钻井液配方为:(0.5%～2.0%)土+(0.5%～1.5%)PAC-LV+(5%～6%)SMP-3+(2%～3%)JNJS-220+(0.3%～1.5%)NaOH+(1%～3%)FT+(0.1%～0.3%)聚合醇+(0.4%～1%)CQ-SIA+(6%～8%)WND+(5%～10%)有机盐+3%超细碳酸钙+重晶石。认为应提高随钻堵漏能力、增强泥饼井壁吸附性及黏弹性、在井壁上形成一层具有防渗透和防冲刷能力的封堵层,减缓井下机械碰撞、钻井液冲刷、应力激动对岩层的二次破坏。
Severe borehole wall destabilization and pipe sticking caused by borehole wall collapse have long been encountered in drilling the Shawan formation – Ermeishan basalt formation in southwest Sichuan Province. A drilling fluid with high inhibitive capacity and plugging ability has been formulated based on the analyses of the mechanisms of borehole wall instability and field operations. In laboratory evaluation of the drilling fluid, the percent recovery of shale samples tested with the drilling fluid was 99.98%,the HTHP filter loss was 3.6 mL, the HTHP water filter loss was 4.8 mL, the HTHP filter loss tested on a sand bed was 4.4 mL. A plugging slug used with the drilling fluid and a technique of using the plugging slug was also designed. The formulation of the drilling fluid is:(0.5%-2.0%) bentonite +(0.5%-1.5%) PAC-LV +(5%-6%) SMP-3 +(2%-3%) JNJS-220 +(0.3%-1.5%) NaOH +(1%-3%)FT +(0.1%-0.3%) poly glycol +(0.4%-1%) CQ-SIA +(6%-8%) WND +(5%-10%) organic salt + 3% ultrafine calcium carbonate +barite. It was considered practical and feasible that mud loss control while drilling should be strengthened and the adhesive ability and viscoelasticity of mud cakes be improved. High quality mud cakes protect the borehole wall from being washed and keep drilling fluid out of borehole wall. This will mitigate secondary damage of borehole wall by downhole mechanical collision, drilling fluid washout and pressure surge.
Severe borehole wall destabilization and pipe sticking caused by borehole wall collapse have long been encountered in drilling the Shawan formation – Ermeishan basalt formation in southwest Sichuan Province. A drilling fluid with high inhibitive capacity and plugging ability has been formulated based on the analyses of the mechanisms of borehole wall instability and field operations. In laboratory evaluation of the drilling fluid, the percent recovery of shale samples tested with the drilling fluid was 99.98%,the HTHP filter loss was 3.6 mL, the HTHP water filter loss was 4.8 mL, the HTHP filter loss tested on a sand bed was 4.4 mL. A plugging slug used with the drilling fluid and a technique of using the plugging slug was also designed. The formulation of the drilling fluid is:(0.5%-2.0%) bentonite +(0.5%-1.5%) PAC-LV +(5%-6%) SMP-3 +(2%-3%) JNJS-220 +(0.3%-1.5%) NaOH +(1%-3%)FT +(0.1%-0.3%) poly glycol +(0.4%-1%) CQ-SIA +(6%-8%) WND +(5%-10%) organic salt + 3% ultrafine calcium carbonate +barite. It was considered practical and feasible that mud loss control while drilling should be strengthened and the adhesive ability and viscoelasticity of mud cakes be improved. High quality mud cakes protect the borehole wall from being washed and keep drilling fluid out of borehole wall. This will mitigate secondary damage of borehole wall by downhole mechanical collision, drilling fluid washout and pressure surge.
引文
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[12]张洪伟,左凤江,李洪俊,等.微裂缝封堵剂评价新方法及强封堵钻井液配方优选[J].钻井液与完井液,2015,32(6):43-45.ZHANG Hongwei,ZUO Fengjiang,LI Hongjun,et al.Method for evaluation of plugging of nano-micron fractures[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,,2015,32(6):43-45.
[13]邱正松,王伟吉,董兵强,等.微纳米封堵技术研究及应用[J].钻井液与完井液,2015,32(2):6-10.QIU Zhengsong,WANG Weiji,DONG Bingqiang,et al.Study and application of micro-nano plugging technology[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2015,32(2):6-10.
[2]郭小勇.火成岩地层井壁稳定技术研究进展[J].重庆科技学院学报(自然科学版),2009,11(6):42-44.GUO Xiaoyong.Advances of the igneous wellbore stability technique[J].Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2009,11(6):42-44.
[3]王孝亮.塔中Ⅰ号气田二叠系火成岩井壁稳定技术研究[D].西南石油大学,2015.WANG Xiaoliang.Study on Tazhong 1 gas field Permian igneous wellbore stability technology[D].Southwest Petroleum University,2015.
[4]LUKIN S V,ESIPO V,ZHUKO V,et al.Borehole stability prediction to avoid drilling failures[J].Oil Industry Journal,2016,6(10):70-73.
[5]张春生.四川省越西地区峨眉山玄武岩地质及地球化学特征研究[D].成都理工大学,2016.ZHANG Chunsheng.Geology and geochemistry characteristic study of emeishan basalt in yuexi area,sichuan province[D].Chengdu University of Technology,2016.
[6]张良钜,刘靖娜,曾伟来,等.川南玄武岩气孔中硅铁灰石杏仁体的特征与研究[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2014,33(5):917-923.ZHANG Liangju,LIU Jingna,ZENG Weilai,et al.Characteristics of babingtonite amygdaloid complex in vesicular basalt from south Sichuan[J].Acta Petrologica Et Mineralogica,2014,33(5):917-923.
[7]冯京海,徐同台.南堡油田馆陶组玄武岩井壁失稳机理和技术对策研讨[J].钻井液与完井液,2008,25(5):1-4.FENG Jinghai,XU Tongtai.Borehole wall sloughing of basalt rocks in guantao formation in nanbao oilfield:mechanism and technological solution[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2008,25(5):1-4.
[8]刘向君,罗平亚.泥岩地层井壁稳定性研究[J].天然气工业,1997,17(1):45-48.LIU Xiangjun,LUO Pingya.Study on the stability of well wall mudstone formation[J].Natural Gas Industry,1997,17(1):45-48.
[9]龙大清,曾李,崔继明,等.“三强”防塌钻井液的研究与应用[J].钻井液与完井液,2012,29(1):52-55.LONG Daqing,ZENG Li,CUI Jiming,et al.Research and application of"three strong.'"anti-caving drilling fluid[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2012,29(1):52-55.
[10]王怡,徐江,梅春桂,等.含裂缝的硬脆性泥页岩理化及力学特性研究[J].石油天然气学报,2011,33(6):104-108.WANG Yi,XU Jiang,MEI Chungui,et al.Chemical and mechanical properties of brittle fractured mud shale[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2011,33(6):104-108.
[11]宋碧涛,马成云,徐同台,等.硬脆性泥页岩钻井液封堵性评价方法[J].钻井液与完井液,2016,33(4):51-55.SONG Bitao,MA Chengyun,XU Tongtai,et al.Methods for evaluating the performance of drilling fluids plugging fractures in hard and brittle shales[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2016,33(4):51-55.
[12]张洪伟,左凤江,李洪俊,等.微裂缝封堵剂评价新方法及强封堵钻井液配方优选[J].钻井液与完井液,2015,32(6):43-45.ZHANG Hongwei,ZUO Fengjiang,LI Hongjun,et al.Method for evaluation of plugging of nano-micron fractures[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,,2015,32(6):43-45.
[13]邱正松,王伟吉,董兵强,等.微纳米封堵技术研究及应用[J].钻井液与完井液,2015,32(2):6-10.QIU Zhengsong,WANG Weiji,DONG Bingqiang,et al.Study and application of micro-nano plugging technology[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2015,32(2):6-10.