轨道交通十字换乘车站缓冲区域的优化设计
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摘要
由于地铁客流不断增加,换乘站作为地铁线路的枢纽,拥堵现象十分严重,其中十字换乘站拥堵最为严重.针对这类车站拥堵问题,提出了设立缓冲区域来缓解拥堵的方法.以Anylogic软件进行仿真,获得十字通道内产生拥堵的客流规律.通过建立缓冲区域模型,利用正交分析法得到客流-缓冲面积公式.建立系统到达模型,利用客流密度和理论到达人数为评价指标,以南京大行宫地铁站为实例进行了优化验证.结果表明:只需设立很小的缓冲区域便可以极大缓解十字换乘通道的拥堵现象,让大行宫地铁站通行能力提高近30%.
Due to the constant growing of subway traffic volume,the interchange stations as hubs of subway system are suffering from severe congestion,especially for the interchange stations in " crossover" form. The buffer areas were proposed to alleviate the problem of station congestion. Based on Anylogic software,the massive data simulations were conducted to discover the law of congestion formation in " crossover" passages. The regional buffer model was established to obtain the flow-buffer area formulas by orthogonal analysis. The system arrival model was set up,and based on the evaluation indicators of passenger flow density and theoretical arrivals,the empirical research was applied on Nanjing Daxing Gong station to check the proposed method. The results show that setting up a small buffer area can greatly alleviate the congestion of " crossover " transfer channel,and even minimal buffer area can improve the traffic capacity of Nanjing Daxing Gong station by 30%.
Due to the constant growing of subway traffic volume,the interchange stations as hubs of subway system are suffering from severe congestion,especially for the interchange stations in " crossover" form. The buffer areas were proposed to alleviate the problem of station congestion. Based on Anylogic software,the massive data simulations were conducted to discover the law of congestion formation in " crossover" passages. The regional buffer model was established to obtain the flow-buffer area formulas by orthogonal analysis. The system arrival model was set up,and based on the evaluation indicators of passenger flow density and theoretical arrivals,the empirical research was applied on Nanjing Daxing Gong station to check the proposed method. The results show that setting up a small buffer area can greatly alleviate the congestion of " crossover " transfer channel,and even minimal buffer area can improve the traffic capacity of Nanjing Daxing Gong station by 30%.
引文
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[2]HENDERSON L F.The statistics of crowd fluids[J].Nature,1971,229:381-383.
[3]LAKOBA T I,KAUP D J,FINKELSTEIN N M.Modifications of the helbing molnar farkas vicsek social force model for pedestrian evolution[J].Simulation,2005,81:339-352.
[4]STERLING R L,CARMODY J.Underground Space Design[M].New York:Van Nostrand Reinhold,1993.
[5]HELBING D.A fluid-dynamic model for the movement of pedestrians[J].Complex Systems,1992,6:391-415.
[6]HELBING D,VICSEK T.Optimal self-organization[J].New Journal of Physics,1999,1:1-17.
[7]黄小纯,杨耀.城市轨道交通车站行人冲突类型及致因分析[J].城市轨道交通研究,2014(3):88-91.HUANG X C,YANG Y.Analysis of types and causation of pedestrian conflicts at metro stations[J].Urban Rail Transit,2014(3):88-91.(in Chinese)
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