连续铝纤维制备尼龙6导热复合材料
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摘要
以连续铝纤维为导热填料、尼龙6(PA6)为基体,采用挤出造粒,制备低填充、高导热、力学性能优良的导热尼龙复合材料。研究了铝纤维用量、直径、长度,与氧化铝(Al2O3)粉末复配、表面处理等因素对导热性能的影响,分析了微观结构。结果表明,铝纤维用量较高,铝纤维长度越长,复合材料导热性能越好;铝纤维用量低于4%时,改性效果8μm>12μm>16μm;铝纤维用量大于4%时,改性效果16μm>12μm>8μm;氧化铝与铝纤维无法起到协同作用,反而导致材料导热性能下降;γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH560)对铝纤维表面处理可以提高材料的导热性能。当铝纤维用量为10%,长度为10 mm,表面处理后,复合材料导热系数可达1.85 W/(m·K)。
Nylon composite materials with excellent characteristics of low filled,great thermal conductivity and mechanical properties were prepared by extrusion granulation. Continuous aluminum fibers was thermally conductive filler,and nylon 6( PA6) was matrix. The effects of aluminum fiber mass fraction,diameter,length,and alumina( Al2O3)powder compound,surface treatment and other factors on thermal conductivity were studied. And microstructure was analyzed. The results show that the higher the mass fraction of aluminum fiber,the longer length of aluminum fiber,the better the thermal conductivity of composite materials; when the mass fraction of alumina fiber is less than 4%,the modification effect is 8 μm > 12 μm > 16 μm; when the mass fraction of alumina fiber is more than 4%,the modification effect is 16 μm > 12 μm > 8 μm; alumina and aluminum fibers cannot play a synergistic effect,but lead to thermal degradation; aluminum fiber surface treated with γ-glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane( KH560) can improve the thermal conductivity of the materials. When aluminum fiber mass fraction is 10% and the length is 10 mm,surface treated with KH560,the thermal conductivity of composite can rise up to 1. 85 W /( m·K).
Nylon composite materials with excellent characteristics of low filled,great thermal conductivity and mechanical properties were prepared by extrusion granulation. Continuous aluminum fibers was thermally conductive filler,and nylon 6( PA6) was matrix. The effects of aluminum fiber mass fraction,diameter,length,and alumina( Al2O3)powder compound,surface treatment and other factors on thermal conductivity were studied. And microstructure was analyzed. The results show that the higher the mass fraction of aluminum fiber,the longer length of aluminum fiber,the better the thermal conductivity of composite materials; when the mass fraction of alumina fiber is less than 4%,the modification effect is 8 μm > 12 μm > 16 μm; when the mass fraction of alumina fiber is more than 4%,the modification effect is 16 μm > 12 μm > 8 μm; alumina and aluminum fibers cannot play a synergistic effect,but lead to thermal degradation; aluminum fiber surface treated with γ-glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane( KH560) can improve the thermal conductivity of the materials. When aluminum fiber mass fraction is 10% and the length is 10 mm,surface treated with KH560,the thermal conductivity of composite can rise up to 1. 85 W /( m·K).
引文
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[6]Chu K,Li W S,Dong H F.Role of graphene waviness on the thermal conductivity of graphene composites[J].Appl.Phys.A,2013,111:221-225.
[7]Njuguna J,Pielichowski K,Desai S.Nanofiller-reinforced polymer nanocomposites[J].Polym.Adv.Technol.,2008,19:947-959.
[8]Yoo B M,Shin H J,Yoon H W,et al.Graphene and graphene oxide and their uses in barrier polymers[J].J.Appl.Polym.Sci.,2014,131:1-15.
[9]封伟,李冬杰,吕鹏.柔性导热纳米复合材料研究进展[J].航空材料学报,2013,33(8):90-97.Feng W,Li D J,LüP.Research progress of flexible nanocompositeswith high thermal conductivity[J].Journal of Aeronautical Materials,2013,33(8):90-97.
[10]Agari Y,Uno T.Estimation on thermal conductivities of filled polymers[J].J.Appl.Polym.Sci.,1986,32:5705-5712.
[11]秦丽丽,王占京,侯君,等.氮化硼填充导热绝缘复合材料的研究进展[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2013,29(9):175-178.Qin L L,Wang Z J,Hou J,et al.Advances in insulating thermal conductive composite filled with BN[J].Polymer Materials Science&Engineering,2013,29(9):175-178.