高盆樱桃的组培快繁研究
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摘要
【目的】通过对高盆樱桃外植体灭菌方法的筛选和培养条件的优化,解决高盆樱桃在快速繁殖中存在的丛生芽诱导率低、增殖率低、生根难等问题,为建立高盆樱桃组培快繁体系奠定基础。【方法】以高盆樱桃带芽茎段为外植体,探讨了外植体的灭菌方法、基本培养基类型(MS、1/2 MS和1/4 MS)以及不同外源激素(6-BA、NAA和IBA)对丛生芽诱导、丛生芽增殖、生根等过程的影响。【结果】高盆樱桃茎段在75%乙醇灭菌20 s,0.1%升汞灭菌300 s时,污染率最低。在MS培养基中添加1.2 mg/L 6-BA和0.1 mg/L IBA时,丛生芽诱导率最高(82.22%)。在MS培养基中同时添加0.8 mg/L 6-BA、0.06 mg/L IBA、0.08 mg/L NAA时丛生芽增殖效果最好,增殖率为7.32。1/2 MS+IBA(0.5 mg/L)培养基有利于生根,生根率达92.22%。【结论】高盆樱桃带芽茎段适宜的灭菌方法为75%酒精处理20 s后,再以0.1%升汞处理300 s;丛生芽诱导的适宜培养基为MS+6-BA(1.2 mg/L)+IBA(0.1 mg/L);丛生芽增殖的适宜培养基为MS+6-BA(0.8 mg/L)+IBA(0.06 mg/L)+NAA(0.08 mg/L);适宜高盆樱桃生根的培养基为1/2 MS+IBA(0.5 mg/L)。以体积比为1(河沙)∶1(腐殖质)∶2(蛭石)的混合基质为移栽基质时,试管苗移栽成活率可达72.2%。该试验结果可为高盆樱桃的规模化生产提供一定的理论基础和技术支撑。
【Object】The aim of this study was to resolve the problems of low induction rates,low proliferation rate,and the difficulty of plantlet rooting in Cerasus cerasoides var. cerasoides,and to establish a rapid propagation system through selecting the suitable method for disinfection of C. cerasoides var. cerasoides and optimizing culture conditions.【Methods】The effects of sterilization methods,types of basic medias( MS,1/2 MS and 1/4 MS) and the plant hormones( 6-BA,NAA and IBA) on single bud,cluster buds and rooting were investigated using stems with axillary buds of Cerasus cerasoides var. cerasoides as explants. 【Results】When the stem with axillary buds was sterilized with 75% alcohol for 20 s and 0. 1% Hg Cl2 for 300 s,the contamination rate was the lowest. MS medium supplemented with 1. 2 mg/L 6-BA and 0.1 mg/L IBA showed the highest clustered bud induction rate( 82.22%). MS medium with 0.8 mg/L6-BA,0.06 mg/L IBA and 0.08 mg/L NAA exhibited the highest clustered bud proliferation rate( 7.32). Half MS medium with 0.5 mg/L IBA was suitable for plantlet rooting,and the rooting rate was 92. 22%.【Conclusions】The optimal sterilization method for stem segments of C. cerasoides var. cerasoides with axillary buds was the use of 75% alcohol for 20 s and 0.1% Hg Cl2 for 300 s. The optimal medium for clustered bud induction was MS containing 1.2 mg/L 6-BA and 0.1 mg/L IBA. The optimal medium for proliferation of the clustered buds was MS supplemented with 0.8 mg/L 6-BA,0. 06 mg/L IBA,and 0.08 mg/L NAA,while the optimal rooting medium was 1/2 MS containing 0.5 mg/L IBA. The survive rate was above 72. 2% when the plantlets were due to be moved to the nursery. The medium with 25% sand,25% humus and 50% roseite was effective for rooting. The results of this study can provide a basis for large-scale propagation of C.cerasoides var. cerasoides.
【Object】The aim of this study was to resolve the problems of low induction rates,low proliferation rate,and the difficulty of plantlet rooting in Cerasus cerasoides var. cerasoides,and to establish a rapid propagation system through selecting the suitable method for disinfection of C. cerasoides var. cerasoides and optimizing culture conditions.【Methods】The effects of sterilization methods,types of basic medias( MS,1/2 MS and 1/4 MS) and the plant hormones( 6-BA,NAA and IBA) on single bud,cluster buds and rooting were investigated using stems with axillary buds of Cerasus cerasoides var. cerasoides as explants. 【Results】When the stem with axillary buds was sterilized with 75% alcohol for 20 s and 0. 1% Hg Cl2 for 300 s,the contamination rate was the lowest. MS medium supplemented with 1. 2 mg/L 6-BA and 0.1 mg/L IBA showed the highest clustered bud induction rate( 82.22%). MS medium with 0.8 mg/L6-BA,0.06 mg/L IBA and 0.08 mg/L NAA exhibited the highest clustered bud proliferation rate( 7.32). Half MS medium with 0.5 mg/L IBA was suitable for plantlet rooting,and the rooting rate was 92. 22%.【Conclusions】The optimal sterilization method for stem segments of C. cerasoides var. cerasoides with axillary buds was the use of 75% alcohol for 20 s and 0.1% Hg Cl2 for 300 s. The optimal medium for clustered bud induction was MS containing 1.2 mg/L 6-BA and 0.1 mg/L IBA. The optimal medium for proliferation of the clustered buds was MS supplemented with 0.8 mg/L 6-BA,0. 06 mg/L IBA,and 0.08 mg/L NAA,while the optimal rooting medium was 1/2 MS containing 0.5 mg/L IBA. The survive rate was above 72. 2% when the plantlets were due to be moved to the nursery. The medium with 25% sand,25% humus and 50% roseite was effective for rooting. The results of this study can provide a basis for large-scale propagation of C.cerasoides var. cerasoides.
引文
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[2]何立平,王志龙,祝志勇.国内樱属植物研究进展综述[J].农业科技与信息:现代园林,2013(7):48-52.HE L P,WANG Z L,ZHU Z Y.Proceedings of researches on Cerasue in China[J].Modern Landscape Architecture,2013(7):48-52.
[3]杨曦坤,刘正先,胡佐胜,等.中国野生樱花史考[J].中国园艺文摘,2013(10):134-135.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-0873.2013.10.060.YANG X K,LIU Z X,HU Z S,et al.In the history of the wild cherry flowers[J].Chinese Horticulture Abstracts,2013(10):134-135.
[4]杨明艳,李兴明,杨发军,等.冬樱花扦插生根处理研究[J].热带农业科学,2011,31(12):20-25.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1009-2196.2011.12.006.YANG M Y,LI X M,YANG F J,et al.Rooting treatment of Prunus majiestica koehne[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture,2011,31(12):20-25.
[5]段晓梅.冬樱花扦插繁殖研究[J].西南林学院学报,2003,23(1):43-45.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1914.2003.01.012DUAN X M.A study on soft cutting of Cerasus cerasoides[J].Journal of Southwest Forestry College,2003,23(1):43-45.
[6]杨明艳,李兴明,杨发军,等.冬樱花嫁接繁殖试验[J].农业研究与应用,2012,2:17-19.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-0764.2012.02.006.
[7]王宇萍,王朝文,杨洪涛,等.冬樱花种子育苗技术研究[J].种子,2015,34(3):117-119.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4705.2015.03.034.WANG Y P,WANG C W,YANG H T,et al.Study on the seeds seedling-raising technology of winter cherry[J].Seed,2015,34(3):117-119.
[8]和凤美,朱永平,杨晓红,等.冬樱花愈伤组织诱导和抑制褐化初探[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(12):130-134.HE F M,ZHU Y P,YANG X H,et al.The primary investigation on callus induction and browning prevention of Cerasus cerassoides[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2010,26(12):130-134.
[9]谭秀梅.昆明市区樱花种质资源及园林应用研究[D].昆明:西南林学院,2008.TAN X M.Study on cherry germplasm resources and landscape application in Kunming City[D].Kunming:Southwest Forestry University,2008.
[10]段晓梅.红花高盆樱桃扦插繁殖研究[J].思茅师范高等专科学校学报,2003,19(3):4-7.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-8059.2003.03.002.DUAN X M.Softwood cuttings of Cerasus cerasoides var.rubea[J].Journal of Simao Teachers’College,2003,19(3):4-7.
[11]张小单,赵恒田,李晶,等.钻天柳茎段腋芽诱导消毒方法与培养基的筛选[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(33):12894-12897,12932.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2013.33.033.ZHANG X D,ZHAO H T,LI J,et al.Seclection of disinfection methods and culture medium on germination of axillary buds from segments of Chosenia arbutifolia[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Science,2013,41(33):12894-12897,12932.
[12]黄颖,胡磊,谷晴,等.“大马士革”玫瑰茎尖组培快繁技术研究[J].北方园艺,2014(3):104-106.HUANG Y,HU L,GU Q,et al.Study on tissue culture and rapid propagation on stem tip of Rosa,Damascus[J].Northern Horticulture,2014(3):104-106.
[13]王贤荣.中国樱花品种图鉴[M].北京:科技出版社,2014.
[14]LI C L,BRUCE B.Cerasus[M]//WU Z Y,RAVEN P H.Flora of China.St.Louis:Missouri Botanical Garden Press,2003:404-420.
[15]邹娜,曹光球,林思祖.观赏樱花繁殖技术研究进展[J].西南林学院学报,2007,27(6):42-46.DOI:10.11929/j.issn.2095-1914.2007.06.010.ZOU N,CAO G Q,LIN S Z.A review of research advances in ornamental cherry propagation techniques[J].Journal of Southwest Forestry College,2007,27(6):42-46.
[16]王文房,李修岭.樱花花柄的组织培养[J].安徽农业科学,2006,34(22):5839-5841.WANG W F,LI X L.Tissue culture of ornamental cherries flowerstems[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2006,34(22):5839-5841.
[17]邹娜,陈璋,林思祖,等.福建山樱花愈伤组织的诱导及植株再生[J].核农学报,2013,27(10):1417-1423.DOI:10.11869/hnxb.2013.10.1417.ZOU N,CHEN Z,LIN S Z,et al.Callus induction and plant regeneration of Prunus campanulata[J].Acta Agriculturae Nucleatae Sinica,2013,27(10):1417-1423.
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