新型复合肥在黑龙江省水稻生产中的应用效果
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摘要
为了更好地评价新型肥料在黑龙江省水稻生产中的施用效果,利用大田区域联合试验的方法,通过将新型复合肥与常规肥料进行对比,研究新型复合肥的施用对不同积温带水稻生长发育及产量的影响。结果表明:施用复合肥处理较常规对照在佳木斯增产4.08%,在哈尔滨减产7.49%,且差异显著,在二九一农场减产5.18%。由于有效穗数和每穗粒数下降引起减产,每穗粒数和千粒重增加导致增产。在成熟期,施用新型复合肥使佳木斯的干物质增加5.15%,而哈尔滨和二九一农场的干物质分别下降4.95%和3.89%。与常规对照相比,复合肥处理使佳木斯的氮肥偏生产力增加4.08%,而哈尔滨和二九一农场的氮肥偏生产力分别降低7.49%和5.18%。表明,该新型复合肥在黑龙江省不同水稻种植区域的应用效果存在一定差异。
In order to better evaluate the effect of new-type fertilizers on rice production in Heilongjiang province,in the field regional joint experiment,the effects of the application of the new-type compound fertilizers on the growth and yield of different plot temperate rice were studied by comparing the new-type compound fertilizers with conventional fertilizers.The results showed that application of compound fertilizers increased the grain yield by 4.08%in Jiamusi experimental site,however significantly decreased the grain yield by 7.49%in Harbin experimental site,and reduced the grain yield by 5.18%in 291 th Farm experimental site.The decline of effective panicles and grains per spike might be the main factors of decrease in rice yield,and the increase of grains per spike and grain weight might be the main factors of enhance in rice yield.In maturity,the application of compound fertilizers increased the dry matter by 5.15%in Jiamusi experimental site,however respectively decreased the dry matter by 4.95% and 3.89% in Harbin and 291 th Farm experimental sites.The nitrogen partial factor productivity was 4.08% higher in the compound fertilizers treatment than the conventional control in Jiamusi,however respectively 7.49% and 5.18% lower in the compound fertilizers treatment than the conventional control in Harbin and 291 th Farm.The results indicate that there were some differences in the application effect of the new-type compound fertilizers in different rice growing areas in Heilongjiang province.
In order to better evaluate the effect of new-type fertilizers on rice production in Heilongjiang province,in the field regional joint experiment,the effects of the application of the new-type compound fertilizers on the growth and yield of different plot temperate rice were studied by comparing the new-type compound fertilizers with conventional fertilizers.The results showed that application of compound fertilizers increased the grain yield by 4.08%in Jiamusi experimental site,however significantly decreased the grain yield by 7.49%in Harbin experimental site,and reduced the grain yield by 5.18%in 291 th Farm experimental site.The decline of effective panicles and grains per spike might be the main factors of decrease in rice yield,and the increase of grains per spike and grain weight might be the main factors of enhance in rice yield.In maturity,the application of compound fertilizers increased the dry matter by 5.15%in Jiamusi experimental site,however respectively decreased the dry matter by 4.95% and 3.89% in Harbin and 291 th Farm experimental sites.The nitrogen partial factor productivity was 4.08% higher in the compound fertilizers treatment than the conventional control in Jiamusi,however respectively 7.49% and 5.18% lower in the compound fertilizers treatment than the conventional control in Harbin and 291 th Farm.The results indicate that there were some differences in the application effect of the new-type compound fertilizers in different rice growing areas in Heilongjiang province.
引文
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[4]朱相成,张振平,张俊,等.增密减氮对东北水稻产量、氮肥利用效率及温室效应的影响[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(2):453-461.
[5]凌启鸿,张洪程,戴其根,等.水稻精确定量施氮研究[J].中国农业科学,2005,38(12):2457-2467.
[6]凌启鸿,张洪程,丁艳锋,等.水稻高产精确定量栽培[J].北方水稻,2007(2):1-9.
[7]凌启鸿.水稻精确定量栽培原理与技术[J].杂交水稻,2010(S1):27-34.