土壤管理制度对果园土壤水热、微生物及养分的影响研究进展
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摘要
果园土壤管理作为果树生产中的关键环节,在改变土壤结构,协调土壤水、肥、气、热等方面有重要作用。我国果区立地条件差,气候、土壤条件各异,果园管理者需要综合考量不同土壤管理方式的利弊,方能做出科学选择。就此,综述了近年来果园清耕制、生草制、覆盖制在土壤水分和温度、土壤微生物和酶以及土壤养分等方面的研究成果,重申了覆盖制和生草制在果园土壤管理方面的重要作用。同时对果园科学土壤管理制度的建立提出了以下建议:覆盖制应充分考虑覆盖材料成本及其对土壤环境的长期影响;生草制的推广应充分考虑地区间降水差异和果园灌溉条件;土壤管理方式应与果园其他管理措施密切配合,灵活运用。
引文
[1]郭学军,韩张雄,马锋旺.不同覆盖方式对苹果园土壤状况及果树生长与果实的影响.西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2013,41(9):112-118.
[2]张义,谢永生,郝明德,等.不同地表覆盖方式对苹果园土壤性状及果树生长和产量的影响.应用生态学报,2010,21(2):279-286.
[3]Jiang N,Jin L F,Silva J,et al.Activities of enzymes directly related with sucrose and citric acid metabolism in citrus fruit in response to soil plastic film mulch.Scientia Horticulturae,2014,168(3):73-80.
[4]Chen H,Liu J,Zhang A,et al.Effects of straw and plastic film mulching on greenhouse gas emissions in Loess Plateau,China:A field study of 2consecutive wheat-maize rotation cycles.Science of the Total Environment,2016,579:814-824.
[5]Antsaoir S M,Mansfield J,Müller W,et al.The potential for spent mushroom compost as a mulch for weed control in Bramley orchards.Acta Horticulturae,2000,525:427-430.
[6]Rodrigues M?,Correia C M,Claro A M,et al.Soil nitrogen availability in olive orchards after mulching legume cover crop residues.Scientia Horticulturae,2013,158(4):45-51.
[7]岳海,陈国云,陈丽兰,等.澳洲坚果树盘覆盖效应初步研究.热带作物学报,2009,30(4):425-429.
[8]Sas Paszt L,Pruski K,?urawicz E,et al.The effect of organic mulches and mycorrhizal substrate on growth,yield and quality of Gold Milenium apples on M.9 rootstock.Canadian Journal of Plant Science,2014,94(2):281-291.
[9]Kader M A,Senge M,Mojid M A,et al.Recent advances in mulching materials and methods for modifying soil environment.Soil&Tillage Research,2017,168(5):155-166.
[10]张洋,倪九派,谢德体.果园覆盖土壤生态效应研究进展.农业工程,2013,3(6):1-6.
[11]Ogundare S K,Babatunde I J,Etukudo O O.Response of tomato variety(Roma F)yield to different mulch materials and staking in Kabba,Kogi State,Nigeria.Journal of Agricultural Studies,2015,3(2):61-70.
[12]高茂盛,廖允成,李侠,等.不同覆盖方式对渭北旱作苹果园土壤贮水的影响.中国农业科学,2010,43(10):2080-2087.
[13]刘小勇,李红旭,李建明,等.不同覆盖方式对旱地果园水热特征的影响.生态学报,2014,34(3):746-754.
[14]赵政阳,李会科.黄土高原旱地苹果园生草对土壤水分的影响.园艺学报,2006,33(3):481-484.
[15]李会科,赵政阳,张广军.果园生草的理论与实践--以黄土高原南部苹果园生草实践为例.草业科学,2005,22(8):32-37.
[16]惠竹梅,李华,张振文,等.西北半干旱地区葡萄园生草对土壤水分的影响.干旱地区农业研究,2004,22(4):123-126.
[17]关秋竹,王金政,聂佩显.地面覆盖对苹果园土壤生态效应和树体生长发育影响的研究进展.中国果树,2017(2):58-62,66.
[18]刘春芬,刘文兆,林文,等.黄土塬区不同地膜覆盖度下土壤水热状况研究.水土保持研究,2017,24(6):62-67.
[19]卫宁宁.保水剂和覆膜处理对苹果幼园土壤特性及树体生长的影响.杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2015.
[20]张小鱼.不同覆盖材料对苹果树生长发育和根系环境的影响.杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2016.
[21]董海强,李丙智,王金锋,等.不同覆盖方式对苹果树体生长及土壤理化特性的影响.西北农业学报,2015,24(8):101-109.
[22]尹晓宁,刘兴禄,董铁,等.苹果园不同覆盖材料对土壤与近地微域环境及树体生长发育的影响.中国生态农业学报,2018,26(1):83-95.
[23]黄金辉,廖允成,高茂盛,等.耕作和覆盖对黄土高原果园土壤水分和温度的影响.应用生态学报,2009,20(11):2652-2658.
[24]Qian X,Gu J,Pan H J,et al.Effects of living mulches on the soil nutrient contents,enzyme activities,and bacterial community diversities of apple orchard soils.European Journal of Soil Biology,2015,70:23-30.
[25]Huang Z,Xu Z,Chen C.Effect of mulching on labile soil organic matter pools,microbial community functional diversity and nitrogen transformations in two hardwood plantations of subtropical Australia.Applied Soil Ecology,2008,40(2):229-239.
[26]魏倩倩,寇建村,李尚玮,等.苹果园覆盖白三叶对土壤微生物和营养特性的影响.草地学报,2016,24(3):544-552.
[27]杨文权,寇建村,贺璐,等.起垄后不同覆盖方式对苹果园土壤微生物和酶活性的影响.土壤通报,2014,45(6):1377-1382.
[28]焦奎宝.生草制苹果园土壤微生物群落结构与功能特征研究.沈阳:沈阳农业大学,2014.
[29]Tiquia S M,Lloyd J,Herms D A,et al.Effects of mulching and fertilization on soil nutrients,microbial activity and rhizosphere bacterial community structure determined by analysis of TRFLPs of PCR-amplified 16S r RNA genes.Applied Soil Ecology,2002,21(1):31-48.
[30]董星晨,刘国锋,杨萍,等.不同表层土壤管理措施对陇东果园土壤氮素矿化菌的影响.甘肃农业大学学报,2014,49(2):139-146.
[31]John F.长期地膜覆盖与施肥对棕壤微生物群落的影响.沈阳:沈阳农业大学,2016.
[32]Miura T,Niswati A,Swibawa I G,et al.No tillage and bagasse mulching alter fungal biomass and community structure during decomposition of sugarcane leaf litter in Lampung Province,Sumatra,Indonesia.Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2013,58(8):27-35.
[33]Mu?oz K,Buchmann C,Meyer M,et al.Physicochemical and microbial soil quality indicators as affected by the agricultural management system in strawberry cultivation using straw or black polyethylene mulching.Applied Soil Ecology,2017,113:36-44.
[34]郭子武,俞文仙,陈双林,等.林地覆盖对雷竹林土壤微生物特征及其与土壤养分制约性关系的影响.生态学报,2013,33(18):5623-5630.
[35]Jin K,Sleutel S,Buchan D,et al.Changes of soil enzyme activities under different tillage practices in the Chinese Loess Plateau.Soil&Tillage Research,2009,104(1):115-120.
[36]Bodovololona R,Saidou S,Philippe L,et al.Effects of living mulches or residue amendments on soil microbial properties in direct seeded cropping systems of Madagascar.Applied Soil Ecology,2008,39(2):236-243.
[37]Ben??Tez E,Melgar R,Sainz H,et al.Enzyme activities in the rhizosphere of pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)grown with olive cake mulches.Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2000,32(13):1829-1835.
[38]López R,Brugos P,Hermoso J M,et al.Long term changes in soil properties and enzyme activities after almond shell mulching in avocado organic production.Soil&Tillage Research,2014,143:155-163.
[39]Campiglia E,Mancinelli R,Radicetti E.Influence of no-tillage and organic mulching on tomato(Solanum Lycopersicum L.)production and nitrogen use in the mediterranean environment of central Italy.Scientia Horticulturae,2011,130(3):588-598.
[40]Romic D,Romic M,Borosic J,et al.Mulching decreases nitrate leaching in bell pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)cultivation.Agricultural Water Management,2003,60(2):87-97.
[41]Zhou L M,Jin S L,Liu C A,et al.Ridge-furrow and plasticmulching tillage enhances maize-soil interactions:Opportunities and challenges in a semiarid agroecosystem.Field Crops Research,2012,126(1):181-188.
[42]Masvaya E N,Nyamangara J,Descheemaeker K,et al.Tillage,mulch and fertilizer impacts on soil nitrogen availability and maize production in semi-arid Zimbabwe.Soil&Tillage Research,2017,168:125-132.
[43]Yagioka A,Komatsuzaki M,Kaneko N,et al.Effect of no-tillage with weed cover mulching versus conventional tillage on global warming potential and nitrate leaching.Agriculture Ecosystems&Environment,2015,200:42-53.
[44]Wang X,Li Z,Xing Y,et al.Effects of mulching and nitrogen on soil temperature,water content,nitrate-N content and maize yield in the Loess Plateau of China.Agricultural Water Management,2015,161(1):53-64.
[45]Nan W G,Yue S C,Huang H Z,et al.Effects of plastic film mulching on soil greenhouse gases(CO2,CH4 and N2O)concentration within soil profiles in maize fields on the Loess Plateau,China.Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2016,15(2):451-464.
[46]Kim G W,Das S,Hwang H Y,et al.Nitrous oxide emissions from soils amended by cover-crops and under plastic film mulching:Fluxes,emission factors and yield-scaled emissions.Atmospheric Environment,2017,152:377-388.
[47]Nawaz A,Lal R,Shrestha R K,et al.Mulching affects soil properties and greenhouse gas emissions under longterm notill and plough-till systems in Alfisol of Central Ohio.Land Degradation&Development,2017,28(2):673-681.
[48]Fentabil M M,Nichol C F,Jones M D,et al.Effect of drip irrigation frequency,nitrogen rate and mulching on nitrous oxide emissions in a semi-arid climate:An assessment across two years in an apple orchard.Agriculture Ecosystems&Environment,2016,235:242-252.
[49]Fentabil M M,Nichol C F,Neilsen G H,et al.Effect of micro-irrigation type,N-source and mulching on nitrous oxide emissions in a semi-arid climate:An assessment across two years in a Merlot grape vineyard.Agricultural Water Management,2016,171:49-62.
[50]Liu J,Zhu L,Luo S,et al.Response of nitrous oxide emission to soil mulching and nitrogen fertilization in semi-arid farmland.Agriculture Ecosystems&Environment,2014,188(5):20-28.
[2]张义,谢永生,郝明德,等.不同地表覆盖方式对苹果园土壤性状及果树生长和产量的影响.应用生态学报,2010,21(2):279-286.
[3]Jiang N,Jin L F,Silva J,et al.Activities of enzymes directly related with sucrose and citric acid metabolism in citrus fruit in response to soil plastic film mulch.Scientia Horticulturae,2014,168(3):73-80.
[4]Chen H,Liu J,Zhang A,et al.Effects of straw and plastic film mulching on greenhouse gas emissions in Loess Plateau,China:A field study of 2consecutive wheat-maize rotation cycles.Science of the Total Environment,2016,579:814-824.
[5]Antsaoir S M,Mansfield J,Müller W,et al.The potential for spent mushroom compost as a mulch for weed control in Bramley orchards.Acta Horticulturae,2000,525:427-430.
[6]Rodrigues M?,Correia C M,Claro A M,et al.Soil nitrogen availability in olive orchards after mulching legume cover crop residues.Scientia Horticulturae,2013,158(4):45-51.
[7]岳海,陈国云,陈丽兰,等.澳洲坚果树盘覆盖效应初步研究.热带作物学报,2009,30(4):425-429.
[8]Sas Paszt L,Pruski K,?urawicz E,et al.The effect of organic mulches and mycorrhizal substrate on growth,yield and quality of Gold Milenium apples on M.9 rootstock.Canadian Journal of Plant Science,2014,94(2):281-291.
[9]Kader M A,Senge M,Mojid M A,et al.Recent advances in mulching materials and methods for modifying soil environment.Soil&Tillage Research,2017,168(5):155-166.
[10]张洋,倪九派,谢德体.果园覆盖土壤生态效应研究进展.农业工程,2013,3(6):1-6.
[11]Ogundare S K,Babatunde I J,Etukudo O O.Response of tomato variety(Roma F)yield to different mulch materials and staking in Kabba,Kogi State,Nigeria.Journal of Agricultural Studies,2015,3(2):61-70.
[12]高茂盛,廖允成,李侠,等.不同覆盖方式对渭北旱作苹果园土壤贮水的影响.中国农业科学,2010,43(10):2080-2087.
[13]刘小勇,李红旭,李建明,等.不同覆盖方式对旱地果园水热特征的影响.生态学报,2014,34(3):746-754.
[14]赵政阳,李会科.黄土高原旱地苹果园生草对土壤水分的影响.园艺学报,2006,33(3):481-484.
[15]李会科,赵政阳,张广军.果园生草的理论与实践--以黄土高原南部苹果园生草实践为例.草业科学,2005,22(8):32-37.
[16]惠竹梅,李华,张振文,等.西北半干旱地区葡萄园生草对土壤水分的影响.干旱地区农业研究,2004,22(4):123-126.
[17]关秋竹,王金政,聂佩显.地面覆盖对苹果园土壤生态效应和树体生长发育影响的研究进展.中国果树,2017(2):58-62,66.
[18]刘春芬,刘文兆,林文,等.黄土塬区不同地膜覆盖度下土壤水热状况研究.水土保持研究,2017,24(6):62-67.
[19]卫宁宁.保水剂和覆膜处理对苹果幼园土壤特性及树体生长的影响.杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2015.
[20]张小鱼.不同覆盖材料对苹果树生长发育和根系环境的影响.杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2016.
[21]董海强,李丙智,王金锋,等.不同覆盖方式对苹果树体生长及土壤理化特性的影响.西北农业学报,2015,24(8):101-109.
[22]尹晓宁,刘兴禄,董铁,等.苹果园不同覆盖材料对土壤与近地微域环境及树体生长发育的影响.中国生态农业学报,2018,26(1):83-95.
[23]黄金辉,廖允成,高茂盛,等.耕作和覆盖对黄土高原果园土壤水分和温度的影响.应用生态学报,2009,20(11):2652-2658.
[24]Qian X,Gu J,Pan H J,et al.Effects of living mulches on the soil nutrient contents,enzyme activities,and bacterial community diversities of apple orchard soils.European Journal of Soil Biology,2015,70:23-30.
[25]Huang Z,Xu Z,Chen C.Effect of mulching on labile soil organic matter pools,microbial community functional diversity and nitrogen transformations in two hardwood plantations of subtropical Australia.Applied Soil Ecology,2008,40(2):229-239.
[26]魏倩倩,寇建村,李尚玮,等.苹果园覆盖白三叶对土壤微生物和营养特性的影响.草地学报,2016,24(3):544-552.
[27]杨文权,寇建村,贺璐,等.起垄后不同覆盖方式对苹果园土壤微生物和酶活性的影响.土壤通报,2014,45(6):1377-1382.
[28]焦奎宝.生草制苹果园土壤微生物群落结构与功能特征研究.沈阳:沈阳农业大学,2014.
[29]Tiquia S M,Lloyd J,Herms D A,et al.Effects of mulching and fertilization on soil nutrients,microbial activity and rhizosphere bacterial community structure determined by analysis of TRFLPs of PCR-amplified 16S r RNA genes.Applied Soil Ecology,2002,21(1):31-48.
[30]董星晨,刘国锋,杨萍,等.不同表层土壤管理措施对陇东果园土壤氮素矿化菌的影响.甘肃农业大学学报,2014,49(2):139-146.
[31]John F.长期地膜覆盖与施肥对棕壤微生物群落的影响.沈阳:沈阳农业大学,2016.
[32]Miura T,Niswati A,Swibawa I G,et al.No tillage and bagasse mulching alter fungal biomass and community structure during decomposition of sugarcane leaf litter in Lampung Province,Sumatra,Indonesia.Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2013,58(8):27-35.
[33]Mu?oz K,Buchmann C,Meyer M,et al.Physicochemical and microbial soil quality indicators as affected by the agricultural management system in strawberry cultivation using straw or black polyethylene mulching.Applied Soil Ecology,2017,113:36-44.
[34]郭子武,俞文仙,陈双林,等.林地覆盖对雷竹林土壤微生物特征及其与土壤养分制约性关系的影响.生态学报,2013,33(18):5623-5630.
[35]Jin K,Sleutel S,Buchan D,et al.Changes of soil enzyme activities under different tillage practices in the Chinese Loess Plateau.Soil&Tillage Research,2009,104(1):115-120.
[36]Bodovololona R,Saidou S,Philippe L,et al.Effects of living mulches or residue amendments on soil microbial properties in direct seeded cropping systems of Madagascar.Applied Soil Ecology,2008,39(2):236-243.
[37]Ben??Tez E,Melgar R,Sainz H,et al.Enzyme activities in the rhizosphere of pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)grown with olive cake mulches.Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2000,32(13):1829-1835.
[38]López R,Brugos P,Hermoso J M,et al.Long term changes in soil properties and enzyme activities after almond shell mulching in avocado organic production.Soil&Tillage Research,2014,143:155-163.
[39]Campiglia E,Mancinelli R,Radicetti E.Influence of no-tillage and organic mulching on tomato(Solanum Lycopersicum L.)production and nitrogen use in the mediterranean environment of central Italy.Scientia Horticulturae,2011,130(3):588-598.
[40]Romic D,Romic M,Borosic J,et al.Mulching decreases nitrate leaching in bell pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)cultivation.Agricultural Water Management,2003,60(2):87-97.
[41]Zhou L M,Jin S L,Liu C A,et al.Ridge-furrow and plasticmulching tillage enhances maize-soil interactions:Opportunities and challenges in a semiarid agroecosystem.Field Crops Research,2012,126(1):181-188.
[42]Masvaya E N,Nyamangara J,Descheemaeker K,et al.Tillage,mulch and fertilizer impacts on soil nitrogen availability and maize production in semi-arid Zimbabwe.Soil&Tillage Research,2017,168:125-132.
[43]Yagioka A,Komatsuzaki M,Kaneko N,et al.Effect of no-tillage with weed cover mulching versus conventional tillage on global warming potential and nitrate leaching.Agriculture Ecosystems&Environment,2015,200:42-53.
[44]Wang X,Li Z,Xing Y,et al.Effects of mulching and nitrogen on soil temperature,water content,nitrate-N content and maize yield in the Loess Plateau of China.Agricultural Water Management,2015,161(1):53-64.
[45]Nan W G,Yue S C,Huang H Z,et al.Effects of plastic film mulching on soil greenhouse gases(CO2,CH4 and N2O)concentration within soil profiles in maize fields on the Loess Plateau,China.Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2016,15(2):451-464.
[46]Kim G W,Das S,Hwang H Y,et al.Nitrous oxide emissions from soils amended by cover-crops and under plastic film mulching:Fluxes,emission factors and yield-scaled emissions.Atmospheric Environment,2017,152:377-388.
[47]Nawaz A,Lal R,Shrestha R K,et al.Mulching affects soil properties and greenhouse gas emissions under longterm notill and plough-till systems in Alfisol of Central Ohio.Land Degradation&Development,2017,28(2):673-681.
[48]Fentabil M M,Nichol C F,Jones M D,et al.Effect of drip irrigation frequency,nitrogen rate and mulching on nitrous oxide emissions in a semi-arid climate:An assessment across two years in an apple orchard.Agriculture Ecosystems&Environment,2016,235:242-252.
[49]Fentabil M M,Nichol C F,Neilsen G H,et al.Effect of micro-irrigation type,N-source and mulching on nitrous oxide emissions in a semi-arid climate:An assessment across two years in a Merlot grape vineyard.Agricultural Water Management,2016,171:49-62.
[50]Liu J,Zhu L,Luo S,et al.Response of nitrous oxide emission to soil mulching and nitrogen fertilization in semi-arid farmland.Agriculture Ecosystems&Environment,2014,188(5):20-28.