遮阴与施磷对金荞麦生长及荧光参数的影响
|
摘要
研究遮阴与施磷对金荞麦(Fagopyrum dibotrys(D.Don)Hara)生长及叶绿素荧光参数的影响,为种植金荞麦时光照与磷的设置奠定理论基础。设定3个遮阴强度(不遮阴;轻度遮阴,遮阴40%-45%;重度遮阴,遮阴90%-95%)及2个磷素添加试验(不添加;添加14.4 g/pot)。遮阴增加金荞麦形态指标(如叶面积、株高、根长等形态指标),以及叶绿素含量和叶绿素荧光参数,但降低了叶厚;施磷增加金荞麦叶片数、叶面积、株高、生物量积累、光化学淬灭系数(qP)等指标;与对照相比,在施磷条件下,遮阴40%-45%比遮阴90%-95%对金荞麦的形态、生物量及实际光合效率(Yield)的促进作用大。在实际生产中采取适当遮阴和施磷有利于金荞麦降低光系统损伤,促进形态指标生长,提高产量。
The effects of shading and phosphorus application on the growth and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Fagophyrum dibotrys(D.Don)Hara(Abbreviated as FD)were studied for laying a theoretical foundation for setting light and phosphorus during the cultivation of FD. Setting 3 shading strengths(no shading;light shading :shading 40%-45%;severe shading :shading 90%-95%)and 2 phosphorus application tests(not added and add 14.4 g/pot). Shading increased the morphological indicators of FD(such as leaf area,height,root length and other morphological indicators),as well as chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,but reduced leaf thickness. Phosphorus application increased the number of FD leaves,leaf area,height,biomass accumulation,photochemical quenching coefficient(qP)and other indicators. Compared with the control,shading 40%-45% promoted the morphology,biomass,and photosynthetic efficiency(Yield)of the FD more largely than shading 90%-95% while applying phosphorus. In sum,appropriate shading and phosphorus application in actual production are beneficial to the reduction of photosystem damage by the FD,thus promoting the growth of morphological indicators and increasing yield.
The effects of shading and phosphorus application on the growth and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Fagophyrum dibotrys(D.Don)Hara(Abbreviated as FD)were studied for laying a theoretical foundation for setting light and phosphorus during the cultivation of FD. Setting 3 shading strengths(no shading;light shading :shading 40%-45%;severe shading :shading 90%-95%)and 2 phosphorus application tests(not added and add 14.4 g/pot). Shading increased the morphological indicators of FD(such as leaf area,height,root length and other morphological indicators),as well as chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,but reduced leaf thickness. Phosphorus application increased the number of FD leaves,leaf area,height,biomass accumulation,photochemical quenching coefficient(qP)and other indicators. Compared with the control,shading 40%-45% promoted the morphology,biomass,and photosynthetic efficiency(Yield)of the FD more largely than shading 90%-95% while applying phosphorus. In sum,appropriate shading and phosphorus application in actual production are beneficial to the reduction of photosystem damage by the FD,thus promoting the growth of morphological indicators and increasing yield.
引文
[1] Gao B, Xia S, Lei X, et al. Combined effects of different nitrogen sources and levels and light intensities on growth and fatty acid and lipid production of oleaginous eustigmatophycean microalga Eustigmatos cf. polyphem[J]. Journal of Applied Phycology,2017:1-15.
[2]刘从,田甜,李珊,等.中国木本植物幼苗生长对光照强度的响应[J].生态学报, 2018, 38(2):518-527.
[3] Rozendaal DMA, Hurtado VH, Poorter L. Plasticity in leaf traits of 38 tropical tree species in response to light;relationships with light demand and adult stature[J]. Functional Ecology, 2010, 20(2):207-216.
[4]沙海宁,孙权,李建设,等.不同施磷量对设施番茄生长、产量的影响及最佳施用量研究[J].长江蔬菜, 2010(20):59-62.
[5]余爱,杨帆,张宇,等.不同施磷浓度对柱花草和黑籽雀稗根系分布的影响[J].草业学报, 2011, 20(3):219-224.
[6]侯云鹏,杨建,孔丽丽,等.不同施磷水平对春玉米产量、养分吸收及转运的影响[J].玉米科学, 2017, 25(3):123-130.
[7]高志英,杨永辉,张兆沛.磷肥用量对大豆遮复光后干物质与磷素积累特征的影响[J].西北农业学报, 2018, 27(2):194-202.
[8]谭露霖,艾蓉,罗文菊,等.金荞麦的化学成分、生理功能及在畜禽养殖中的应用研究进展[J].贵州畜牧兽医, 2016, 40(3):64-66.
[9]吕桂兰,张荫麟.金荞麦引种栽培与其产量和有效成分含量[J].中国兽药杂志, 1995(4):19-22.
[10]张京,况燚,刘力,等.金荞麦块根化学成分的研究[J].中草药, 2016, 47(5):722-725.
[11]程亚娇,谌俊旭,王仲林,等.光强和光质对大豆幼苗形态及光合特性的影响[J].中国农业科学, 2018, 51(14):2655-2663.
[12] Lopez G, Boini A, Manfrini L, et al. Effect of shading and water stress on light interception, physiology and yield of apple trees[J]. Agricultural Water Management, 2018(210):140-148.
[13]姜宗庆,李成忠,汤庚国.薄壳山核桃光合生理特性对磷素响应的研究[J].北方园艺, 2018(1):19-22.
[14]颉洪涛,虞木奎,成向荣.光照强度变化对5种耐阴植物氮磷养分含量、分配以及限制状况的影响[J].植物生态学报,2017, 41(5):559-569.
[15] Guo X, Guo W, Luo Y, et al. Morphological and biomass characteristic acclimation of trident maple(Acer buergerianum Miq.)in response to light and water stress[J]. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 2013, 35(4):1149-1159.
[16]韩燕青,刘鑫,胡维平,等.磷和CO2浓度变化对苦草光合生理的影响[J].水生生物学报, 2017, 41(5):1097-1105.
[17]袁继存,赵德英,徐锴,等.不同供磷水平对富士苹果光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].中国南方果树, 2017, 46(6):112-114.
[18]陈钢.磷水平对西瓜产量、品质、养分吸收及幼苗耐冷性影响的研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学, 2008.
[19]吴惠群,李光德.金荞麦生态环境研究[J].云南师范大学学报:自然科学版, 1994, 14(4):102-109.
[20]张益锋,何平,李桂强,等.光强对金荞麦幼苗部分生理指标和生物量的影响[J].西南大学学报:自然科学版, 2010, 32(4):6-11.
[21]张益锋,何平,李桂强,等.不同施水处理对金荞麦形态和生物量分配的影响[J].中草药, 2009, 40(9):1456-1459.
[22]赵丽丽,王普昶,陈超,等.持续干旱对金荞麦生长、生理生态特性的影响及抗旱性评价[J].草地学报, 2016, 24(4):825-833.
[23] Sevillano I, Short I, Grant J, et al. Effects of light availability on morphology, growth and biomass allocation of Fagus sylvatica, and Quercus robur, seedlings[J]. Forest Ecology&Management,2016, 374:11-19.
[24]刘云.不同条件下金荞麦(Fagopyrum dibotrys(D. Don)Hara)形态可塑性、生理反应及生物量分配[D].重庆:西南大学, 2006.
[25] Sun XY, Lu ZH, Li PH, et al. Ecological adaptation of Eupatorium adenophorum populations to light intensity[J]. Journal of Forestry Research, 2006, 17(2):116-120.
[26]陈思宁,黄永芳,邓建忠,等.磷元素对受铝胁迫的高州油茶幼苗光合作用的影响[J].经济林研究, 2017, 35(3):115-120.
[27]李堆淑,冀玉良.细黄链霉菌与氮磷钾肥配施对桔梗幼苗的影响[J].广西林业科学, 2018, 47(2):155-158.
[28]佟静,李素艳,孙向阳,等.供磷水平对一串红橙香公主生长及根系发育的影响[J].浙江农业学报, 2018, 30(3):386-392.
[29] Williams S, Adey W, Halfar J, et al. Effects of light and temperature on Mg uptake, growth, and calcification in the proxy climate archive Clathromorphum compactum[J]. Biogeosciences Discussions,2018, 15(19):5745-5759.
[30] Del Valle JC, Buide ML, Whittall JB, et al. Phenotypic plasticity in light-induced flavonoids varies among tissues in Silene littorea,(Caryophyllaceae)[J]. Environmental&Experimental Botany,2018, 153:100-107.
[31]李志博,魏亦农,张荣华,等.棉花不同叶位叶绿素荧光特性初探[J].棉花学报, 2005, 17(3):189-190.
[32]司继播,孙明,刘良云.叶绿素荧光分析技术综述[C]//2007年中国农业工程学会学术年会论文摘要集. 2007.
[33]王俊秀,周扬颜,韩潇,等.超表达杨树SBPase基因促进拟南芥光合作用及营养生长[J].北京林业大学学报, 2018, 40(3):26-33.
[34] Klughammer C, Schreiber U. Complementary PS II quantum yields calculated from simple fluorescence parameters measured by PAM fluorometry and the Saturation Pulse method[J]. Pam Application Notes, 2008, 1:27-35.
[2]刘从,田甜,李珊,等.中国木本植物幼苗生长对光照强度的响应[J].生态学报, 2018, 38(2):518-527.
[3] Rozendaal DMA, Hurtado VH, Poorter L. Plasticity in leaf traits of 38 tropical tree species in response to light;relationships with light demand and adult stature[J]. Functional Ecology, 2010, 20(2):207-216.
[4]沙海宁,孙权,李建设,等.不同施磷量对设施番茄生长、产量的影响及最佳施用量研究[J].长江蔬菜, 2010(20):59-62.
[5]余爱,杨帆,张宇,等.不同施磷浓度对柱花草和黑籽雀稗根系分布的影响[J].草业学报, 2011, 20(3):219-224.
[6]侯云鹏,杨建,孔丽丽,等.不同施磷水平对春玉米产量、养分吸收及转运的影响[J].玉米科学, 2017, 25(3):123-130.
[7]高志英,杨永辉,张兆沛.磷肥用量对大豆遮复光后干物质与磷素积累特征的影响[J].西北农业学报, 2018, 27(2):194-202.
[8]谭露霖,艾蓉,罗文菊,等.金荞麦的化学成分、生理功能及在畜禽养殖中的应用研究进展[J].贵州畜牧兽医, 2016, 40(3):64-66.
[9]吕桂兰,张荫麟.金荞麦引种栽培与其产量和有效成分含量[J].中国兽药杂志, 1995(4):19-22.
[10]张京,况燚,刘力,等.金荞麦块根化学成分的研究[J].中草药, 2016, 47(5):722-725.
[11]程亚娇,谌俊旭,王仲林,等.光强和光质对大豆幼苗形态及光合特性的影响[J].中国农业科学, 2018, 51(14):2655-2663.
[12] Lopez G, Boini A, Manfrini L, et al. Effect of shading and water stress on light interception, physiology and yield of apple trees[J]. Agricultural Water Management, 2018(210):140-148.
[13]姜宗庆,李成忠,汤庚国.薄壳山核桃光合生理特性对磷素响应的研究[J].北方园艺, 2018(1):19-22.
[14]颉洪涛,虞木奎,成向荣.光照强度变化对5种耐阴植物氮磷养分含量、分配以及限制状况的影响[J].植物生态学报,2017, 41(5):559-569.
[15] Guo X, Guo W, Luo Y, et al. Morphological and biomass characteristic acclimation of trident maple(Acer buergerianum Miq.)in response to light and water stress[J]. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 2013, 35(4):1149-1159.
[16]韩燕青,刘鑫,胡维平,等.磷和CO2浓度变化对苦草光合生理的影响[J].水生生物学报, 2017, 41(5):1097-1105.
[17]袁继存,赵德英,徐锴,等.不同供磷水平对富士苹果光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].中国南方果树, 2017, 46(6):112-114.
[18]陈钢.磷水平对西瓜产量、品质、养分吸收及幼苗耐冷性影响的研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学, 2008.
[19]吴惠群,李光德.金荞麦生态环境研究[J].云南师范大学学报:自然科学版, 1994, 14(4):102-109.
[20]张益锋,何平,李桂强,等.光强对金荞麦幼苗部分生理指标和生物量的影响[J].西南大学学报:自然科学版, 2010, 32(4):6-11.
[21]张益锋,何平,李桂强,等.不同施水处理对金荞麦形态和生物量分配的影响[J].中草药, 2009, 40(9):1456-1459.
[22]赵丽丽,王普昶,陈超,等.持续干旱对金荞麦生长、生理生态特性的影响及抗旱性评价[J].草地学报, 2016, 24(4):825-833.
[23] Sevillano I, Short I, Grant J, et al. Effects of light availability on morphology, growth and biomass allocation of Fagus sylvatica, and Quercus robur, seedlings[J]. Forest Ecology&Management,2016, 374:11-19.
[24]刘云.不同条件下金荞麦(Fagopyrum dibotrys(D. Don)Hara)形态可塑性、生理反应及生物量分配[D].重庆:西南大学, 2006.
[25] Sun XY, Lu ZH, Li PH, et al. Ecological adaptation of Eupatorium adenophorum populations to light intensity[J]. Journal of Forestry Research, 2006, 17(2):116-120.
[26]陈思宁,黄永芳,邓建忠,等.磷元素对受铝胁迫的高州油茶幼苗光合作用的影响[J].经济林研究, 2017, 35(3):115-120.
[27]李堆淑,冀玉良.细黄链霉菌与氮磷钾肥配施对桔梗幼苗的影响[J].广西林业科学, 2018, 47(2):155-158.
[28]佟静,李素艳,孙向阳,等.供磷水平对一串红橙香公主生长及根系发育的影响[J].浙江农业学报, 2018, 30(3):386-392.
[29] Williams S, Adey W, Halfar J, et al. Effects of light and temperature on Mg uptake, growth, and calcification in the proxy climate archive Clathromorphum compactum[J]. Biogeosciences Discussions,2018, 15(19):5745-5759.
[30] Del Valle JC, Buide ML, Whittall JB, et al. Phenotypic plasticity in light-induced flavonoids varies among tissues in Silene littorea,(Caryophyllaceae)[J]. Environmental&Experimental Botany,2018, 153:100-107.
[31]李志博,魏亦农,张荣华,等.棉花不同叶位叶绿素荧光特性初探[J].棉花学报, 2005, 17(3):189-190.
[32]司继播,孙明,刘良云.叶绿素荧光分析技术综述[C]//2007年中国农业工程学会学术年会论文摘要集. 2007.
[33]王俊秀,周扬颜,韩潇,等.超表达杨树SBPase基因促进拟南芥光合作用及营养生长[J].北京林业大学学报, 2018, 40(3):26-33.
[34] Klughammer C, Schreiber U. Complementary PS II quantum yields calculated from simple fluorescence parameters measured by PAM fluorometry and the Saturation Pulse method[J]. Pam Application Notes, 2008, 1:27-35.