木醋液及其与恶霉灵复配对13种植物病原真菌的抑制效果
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摘要
为了研究木醋液和木醋液与农药复配后对植物病原真菌的抑制效果,利用不同的稀释倍数的木醋液和木醋液与农药恶霉灵复配后对立枯丝核菌、大豆菌核病菌、稻瘟病菌等13种植物病原真菌进行平板对峙试验。结果表明,木醋液稀释10倍,对植物病原菌的抑菌效果最好,对立枯丝核菌、大豆菌核病菌、禾谷镰刀菌、玉米链格孢菌均有抑制作用,对另外9种病原菌无抑制作用;其次是稀释1 000倍对玉米新月弯孢菌有抑制作用,对另外的12种病原菌无抑制作用;选用稀释10倍的木醋液与稀释3 000倍的恶霉灵复配,木醋液与恶霉灵的比例为10∶0时对立枯丝核菌抑制效果最好,抑菌率达到85%;木醋液与恶霉灵的比例为9∶1时对大豆菌核病菌抑制效果最好,抑菌率达到60%,均具有显著性,故复配比单独使用恶霉灵效果好。
To study the inhibitory effect of wood vinegar and the compound of wood vinegar and pesticides on plant pathogenic fungi. 13 kinds of plant pathogenic fungi,such as Rhizoctonia solanikuhn,Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Lib.) de Bary,Magnapporthe grisea,were prepared by using different dilution times of wood vinegar and wood vinegar. The results showed that10 times dilution of wood vinegar had the best bacteriostatic effect against plant pathogens,and had inhibitory effects against Rhizoctonia solanikuhn,Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Lib.) de Bary,Fusarium graminearum Schw,and Alternaria tenuis Nees.It had no inhibitory effect on the other 9 pathogens. The second dilution was 1 000 times the inhibitory effect on Curvularia lunata,and had no inhibitory effect on the other 12 pathogens. The 10 fold dilution of wood vinegar with 3 000 times dilution of hymexazol compound,wood vinegar and hymexazol 10∶0 ratio when Rhizoctonia solanikuhn best inhibitory effect,the inhibition rate was up to 85%,wood vinegar and hymexazol 9∶1 ratio of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Lib.) de Bary best inhibitory effect. The inhibition rate was up to 60% with significant effect,so the compound was better than single use of the evil mycophenolate.
To study the inhibitory effect of wood vinegar and the compound of wood vinegar and pesticides on plant pathogenic fungi. 13 kinds of plant pathogenic fungi,such as Rhizoctonia solanikuhn,Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Lib.) de Bary,Magnapporthe grisea,were prepared by using different dilution times of wood vinegar and wood vinegar. The results showed that10 times dilution of wood vinegar had the best bacteriostatic effect against plant pathogens,and had inhibitory effects against Rhizoctonia solanikuhn,Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Lib.) de Bary,Fusarium graminearum Schw,and Alternaria tenuis Nees.It had no inhibitory effect on the other 9 pathogens. The second dilution was 1 000 times the inhibitory effect on Curvularia lunata,and had no inhibitory effect on the other 12 pathogens. The 10 fold dilution of wood vinegar with 3 000 times dilution of hymexazol compound,wood vinegar and hymexazol 10∶0 ratio when Rhizoctonia solanikuhn best inhibitory effect,the inhibition rate was up to 85%,wood vinegar and hymexazol 9∶1 ratio of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Lib.) de Bary best inhibitory effect. The inhibition rate was up to 60% with significant effect,so the compound was better than single use of the evil mycophenolate.
引文
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[15]薛桂新,黄世臣,宋益冬.木醋液对桃黑根霉抑菌作用和对久保桃保鲜效果的研究[J].延边大学农学学报,2013,35(2):123-130.
[16]张丽萍,史霞,于学军.木醋液防治穿地龙霉菌的试验[J].黑龙江生态工程职业学院学报,2006,19(3):19-20.
[17]毛巧芝,赵忠,马希汉.杏树枝木醋液的制取及其抑菌活性和化学成分分析[J].西北农林科技大学学报,2009,37(10):91-96.
[18]毛巧芝,赵忠,马希汉,等.苦杏壳木醋液抑菌活性和化学成分分析[J].农业机械学报,2010,41(2):164-170.
[19]翟梅枝,何文君,王磊,等.3种木醋液化学成分与抑菌活性研究[J].西北植物学报,2010,30(6):1 247-1 252.
[20]马骏,刘霞,王洪洋,等.木醋液对马铃薯晚疫病菌的抑制作用[J].中国马铃薯,2011,25(5):306-308.
[21]石延茂,董炜博,崔凤高,等.木醋液对花生网斑病菌和黑斑病菌的毒力测定[J].花生学报,2003,32(S):422-424.
[22]李燕,张玉凤,林海涛,等.木醋液对小麦根腐病致病菌及小麦发芽的影响[J].山东农业科学,2017,49(4):96-99,111.
[23]马良进,张昕,陈晓玲,等.竹醋液与杀菌剂混配的抑菌效果[J].东北林业大学学报,2008(8):37-39,45.
[24]金书秦,周芳,沈贵银,等.农业发展与面源污染治理双重目标下的化肥减量路径探析[J].环境保护,2015,(8):50-53.
[25]王献慧,梁志怀,魏林,等.硫磺多菌灵和恶霉灵不同比例混配对莲藕腐败病菌的室内毒力测定[J].湖南农业科学,2012(23):71-73.
[26]魏琦,岳永德,汤锋,等.竹醋液抑菌活性及对杀菌剂的增效作用[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(13):6 923-6 925,6 943.
[2]徐晴晴,李晓庆,孟雨田,等.木醋液应用研究进展[J].黑龙江生态工程职业学院学报,2017,30(2):21-23.
[3]全顺子,李宗铁,薛桂新,等.神奇的木醋液和木炭粉[M].延吉:延边大学出版社,2007:11-39.
[4]潘洋.木醋液在农业生产中的应用研究进展[J].现代园艺,2017(11):34-35.
[5]Sind H M,Zainul A,Z Nur F M.Antioxidant property and chemical profile of pyroligneous acid from pineapple plant waste biomass[J].Process Biochemistry,2015(50):1 985-1 992.
[6]杨国庭,于学军.木醋皮肤保健护理液及其制作方法:中国,200510119760.5[P].2007-05-09.
[7]潘泰祺.一种木醋液发酵饲料,中国,201210101283.X[P].2012-04-09.
[8]罗凤来.日本冲绳水稻栽培的一些方法与经验[J].福建农业科技,2001(3):38-39.
[9]Numata K,Ogawa T,Tanaka K.Effact of pyroligneous acid(wood vinega)r on the several soilborne diseases[J].Proceedings of the Kanto Tosan Plang Protection Society,1994,41(4):107-110.
[10]Okada M,Ishii K,Numata K,et al.Can the bilary enhancement Gd-EOB-DTPA predict the degree of licer function[J].Heptobilary Pancreatic Diseases International,2005(11):307-313.
[11]薛桂新,陈志军,李永红.木醋液对京亚葡萄保鲜效果的研究[J].食品科技,2009,34(12):46-50.
[12]薛桂新.木醋液对鲜切百合花的保鲜效应[J].植物生理学通讯,2008,44(6):1 140-1 142.
[13]王玉,王小东,黄慧.木醋液的研究进展[J].安徽林业科技,2015,41(5):12-15.
[14]尉芹,马希汉,朱卫红,等.不同温度段苹果枝木醋液化学组成、抑菌及抗氧化活性比较[J].林业科学,2009,45(12):16-21.
[15]薛桂新,黄世臣,宋益冬.木醋液对桃黑根霉抑菌作用和对久保桃保鲜效果的研究[J].延边大学农学学报,2013,35(2):123-130.
[16]张丽萍,史霞,于学军.木醋液防治穿地龙霉菌的试验[J].黑龙江生态工程职业学院学报,2006,19(3):19-20.
[17]毛巧芝,赵忠,马希汉.杏树枝木醋液的制取及其抑菌活性和化学成分分析[J].西北农林科技大学学报,2009,37(10):91-96.
[18]毛巧芝,赵忠,马希汉,等.苦杏壳木醋液抑菌活性和化学成分分析[J].农业机械学报,2010,41(2):164-170.
[19]翟梅枝,何文君,王磊,等.3种木醋液化学成分与抑菌活性研究[J].西北植物学报,2010,30(6):1 247-1 252.
[20]马骏,刘霞,王洪洋,等.木醋液对马铃薯晚疫病菌的抑制作用[J].中国马铃薯,2011,25(5):306-308.
[21]石延茂,董炜博,崔凤高,等.木醋液对花生网斑病菌和黑斑病菌的毒力测定[J].花生学报,2003,32(S):422-424.
[22]李燕,张玉凤,林海涛,等.木醋液对小麦根腐病致病菌及小麦发芽的影响[J].山东农业科学,2017,49(4):96-99,111.
[23]马良进,张昕,陈晓玲,等.竹醋液与杀菌剂混配的抑菌效果[J].东北林业大学学报,2008(8):37-39,45.
[24]金书秦,周芳,沈贵银,等.农业发展与面源污染治理双重目标下的化肥减量路径探析[J].环境保护,2015,(8):50-53.
[25]王献慧,梁志怀,魏林,等.硫磺多菌灵和恶霉灵不同比例混配对莲藕腐败病菌的室内毒力测定[J].湖南农业科学,2012(23):71-73.
[26]魏琦,岳永德,汤锋,等.竹醋液抑菌活性及对杀菌剂的增效作用[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(13):6 923-6 925,6 943.