考虑线性化网络约束的电-热多能源系统最优能量流分析
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摘要
随着热电联产(combined heat and power,CHP)元件与可再生能源的广泛应用,配电网与区域供热网之间的联系更加紧密,将热网与电网进行整体规划与建模十分重要。建立联合热-电网综合模型,并提出一种基于线性规划法的最优能量流求解算法,该模型不仅适用于区域辐射状系统,还可以更广泛地应用在大规模网状多能流系统中。通过对电网、区域供热网以及它们之间的耦合元件进行网络拓扑分析,建立网络方程的基本矩阵规划及其线性能流模型。根据不同的网络拓扑结构,可以对网络系数矩阵进行快速修正,以适用所有的网络结构,显示出模型的通用性与实用性。通过将非线性、非凸集规划问题转化为线性规划问题,计算效率大大提高,并避免了传统算法无法收敛的问题。实例系统的计算与分析验证了所提方法的精确性与鲁棒性。
As the penetration of combined heat and power(CHP) units and renewable sources increases, the interaction between electrical and heating networks becomes tighter and modeling electrical and district heating networks as a whole becomes increasingly important. A linear programming-based optimal power flow model of combine heating and electrical system was proposed in this paper, which was not only applicable for radial network but for meshed network as well.The model of electrical and heating network as well as their linking components was established respectively by analyzing the topology of combined system. The basic matrix formulation of network equations was pursued for the linear optimal power flow model and the coefficient matrices can be modified rapidly according to different types of topology, which proved strong applicability. By transforming the nonlinear, non-convex problem to the linear programming problem, computational efficiency was improved greatly and potential convergence problem was avoided. One actual case was studied to show the accuracy and robustness of the proposed algorithm.
As the penetration of combined heat and power(CHP) units and renewable sources increases, the interaction between electrical and heating networks becomes tighter and modeling electrical and district heating networks as a whole becomes increasingly important. A linear programming-based optimal power flow model of combine heating and electrical system was proposed in this paper, which was not only applicable for radial network but for meshed network as well.The model of electrical and heating network as well as their linking components was established respectively by analyzing the topology of combined system. The basic matrix formulation of network equations was pursued for the linear optimal power flow model and the coefficient matrices can be modified rapidly according to different types of topology, which proved strong applicability. By transforming the nonlinear, non-convex problem to the linear programming problem, computational efficiency was improved greatly and potential convergence problem was avoided. One actual case was studied to show the accuracy and robustness of the proposed algorithm.
引文
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[17]顾伟,陆帅,王珺,等.多区域综合能源系统热网建模及系统运行优化[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(5):1305-1315.Gu Wei,Lu Shuai,Wang Jun,et al.Modeling of the heating network for multi-district integrated energy system and its operation optimization[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(5):1305-1315(in Chinese).
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[20]周志军,林震,周俊虎,等.不同湍流模型在管道流动阻力计算中的应用和比较[J].热力发电,2007,36(1):18-23.Zhou Zhijun,Lin Zhen,Zhou Junhu,et al.Application of different turbulent models in calculation of flow resistance in pipelines and comparison thereof[J].Thermal Power Generation,2007,36(1):18-23(in Chinese).
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[23]Xing Y.Low temperature district heating newtork planning with focus on distribution energy losses[C]//International Conference on Applied Energy.Suzhou,China,2012:1-10.
[2]别朝红,王旭,胡源.能源互联网规划研究综述及展望[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(22):6445-6462.Bie Zhaohong,Wang Xu,Hu Yuan.Review and prospect of planning of energy internet[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(22):6445-6462(in Chinese).
[3]Wang H,Yin W,Abdollahi E,et al.Modelling and optimization of CHP based district heating system with renewable energy production and energy storage[J].Applied Energy,2015,159(1):401-421.
[4]廖春晖.燃煤热电联产区域供热系统热源优化配置研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014.Liao Chenhui.Research on heating sources combination optimization of district heating systems with combined heat and power plants[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2014(in Chinese).
[5]李建林,马会萌,惠东.储能技术融合分布式可再生能源的现状及发展趋势[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(14):1-10.Li Jianlin,Ma Huimeng,Hui Dong.Present development condition and trends of energy storage technology in the integration of distributed renewable energy[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(14):1-10(in Chinese).
[6]Yang J,Zhang N,Kang C,et al.A state-independent linear power flow model with accurate estimation of voltage magnitude[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2016,32(5):3607-3617.
[7]鲍海波,韦化,郭小璇.考虑新能源的交直流系统区间最优潮流[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(16):4006-4014.Bao Haibo,Wei Hua,Guo Xiaoxuan.Interval optimal power flow calculation for AC/DC power system considering renewable energy source[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(16):4006-4014(in Chinese).
[8]Liu X,Jenkins N,Wu J,et al.Combined analysis of electricity and heat networks[D].Cardiff:Cardiff University,2014.
[9]Momoh J,El-Hawary M,Adapa R.A review of selected optimal power flow literature to 1993.II.Newton,linear programming and interior point methods[J].IEEETransactions on Power Systems,2002,14(1):105-111.
[10]林威,靳小龙,穆云飞,等.区域综合能源系统多目标最优混合潮流算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(20):5829-5839.Lin Wei,Jin Xiaolong,Mu Yunfei,et al.Multi-objective optimal hybrid power flow algorithm for integrated local area energy system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(20):5829-5839(in Chinese).
[11]赵峰,张承慧,孙波,等.冷热电联供系统的三级协同整体优化设计方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(15):3785-3793.Zhao Feng,Zhang Chenghui,Sun Bo,et al.Three-stage collaborative global optimization design method of combined cooling heating and power[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(15):3785-3793(in Chinese).
[12]Moeini-Aghtaie M,Abbaspour A,Fotuhi-Firuzabad M,et al.A decomposed solution to multiple-energy carriers optimal power flow[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2014,29(2):707-716.
[13]董今妮,孙宏斌,郭庆来,等.热电联合网络状态估计[J].电网技术,2016,40(6):1635-1641.Dong Jinni,Sun Hongbin,Guo Qinglai,et al.State estimation for combined electricity and heat networks[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(6):1635-1641(in Chinese).
[14]Enns M,Quada J,Sackett B.Fast linear contingency analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus&Systems,1982,101(4):783-791.
[15]Shahmohammadi A,Dalvand M,Ghazizadeh M,et al.Energy hubs’structural and operational linear optimization with energy storage elements[C]//International Conference on Electric Power and Energy Conversion Systems,Sharjah,2011:1-6.
[16]胡源,别朝红,李更丰,等.天然气网络和电源、电网联合规划的方法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(1):45-53.Hu Yuan,Bie Zhaohong,Li Gengfeng,et al.Integrated planning of natural gas network and composite power system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(1):45-54(in Chinese).
[17]顾伟,陆帅,王珺,等.多区域综合能源系统热网建模及系统运行优化[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(5):1305-1315.Gu Wei,Lu Shuai,Wang Jun,et al.Modeling of the heating network for multi-district integrated energy system and its operation optimization[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(5):1305-1315(in Chinese).
[18]Liu C,Shahidehpour M,Fu Y,et al.Security-constrained unit commitment with natural gas transmission constraints[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2009,24(3):1523-1536.
[19]Zhang X,Shahidehpour M,Alabdulwahab A,et al.Optimal expansion planning of energy hub with multiple energy infrastructures[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2017,6(5):2302-2311.
[20]周志军,林震,周俊虎,等.不同湍流模型在管道流动阻力计算中的应用和比较[J].热力发电,2007,36(1):18-23.Zhou Zhijun,Lin Zhen,Zhou Junhu,et al.Application of different turbulent models in calculation of flow resistance in pipelines and comparison thereof[J].Thermal Power Generation,2007,36(1):18-23(in Chinese).
[21]Van Hertem D,Verboomen J,Purchala K,et al.Usefulness of DC power flow for active power flow analysis with flow controlling devices[C]//The 8th IEEInternational Conference on AC and DC Power Transmission.London,UK,2006:58-62.
[22]Fatemi S,Abedi S,Gharehpetian G,et al.Introducing a novel DC power flow method with reactive power considerations[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2015,30(6):3012-3023.
[23]Xing Y.Low temperature district heating newtork planning with focus on distribution energy losses[C]//International Conference on Applied Energy.Suzhou,China,2012:1-10.