氮沉降和磷添加对杉木光合及叶绿素荧光特征的影响
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摘要
为探讨杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)光合及叶绿素荧光参数在大气氮沉降和磷添加情况下的变化,实验以10龄杉木为研究对象,共设9个处理水平:低氮(N30:30 kg·ha~(-1)·a~(-1)),高氮(N60:60 kg·ha~(-1)·a~(-1)),低磷(P20:20 mg·kg~(-1)),高磷(P40:40 mg·kg~(-1)),低氮低磷(N30+P20),低氮高磷(N30+P40),高氮低磷(N60+P20),高氮高磷(N60+P40)和对照处理组(CK)。结果表明:在夏季,氮磷添加对杉木的最大净光合速率(Pn_(max))无显著影响。单独添加氮、磷都抑制了杉木的最大荧光产量(F_m)、初始荧光产量(F_0)、PSII潜在活性(F_v/F_0)值;单独添加磷促进了杉木的叶色值(SPAD);在磷添加情况下,低氮增加了杉木的F_m,高氮增加了杉木的SPAD值,降低了杉木的非光化学淬灭系数(qN)值。在秋季,单独添加氮促进了杉木的最大净光合速率。单独添加氮、磷抑制了杉木的SPAD值。在磷添加情况下,氮沉降增加了杉木的SPAD值,降低了杉木的F_0值。夏季杉木叶片N含量与SPAD呈显著正相关(p<0.01),秋季杉木叶片N含量与SPAD和光化学淬灭系数(qP)呈显著负相关(p<0.05),而与F_m和F_0呈显著正相关(p<0.05)。
In order to investigate the changes of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolate) under atmospheric nitrogen(N) deposition and phosphorus(P) addition, our experiment was conducted on 10-year-old Chinese fir by seting up 9 treatment levels: low N(N30: 30 kg·ha~(-1)·a~(-1)), high N(N60: 60 kg·ha~(-1)·a~(-1)), low P(P20: 20 mg·kg~(-1)), high P(P40: 40 mg·kg~(-1)), low N and low P(N30 + P20), low N and high P(N30 + P40), high N and low P(N60 + P20), high N and high P(N60 + P40) and control group(CK). In summer, N deposition and P addition had no significant effect on the maximum net photosynthetic rate(Pn_(max)) of Chinese fir. Moreover, either N deposition or P addition independently inhibited the maximum fluorescence yield(F_m), initial fluorescence yield(F_0) and potential activity of PSII(F_v/F_0) value of Chinese fir. P addition alone increased the leaf color value(SPAD) of Chinese fir. Under the condition of P addition, low N addition increased the F_m; high N addition increased the SPAD value but decreased the non-photochemical quenching coefficient(qN) of Chinese fir. In autumn, N deposition alone promoted the Pn_(max). Either N deposition or P addition independently inhibited the SPAD value of Chinese fir. Under P addition, N deposition increased the SPAD but decreased the F_0 value both in summer and autumn. N content of leaves was significantly and positively correlated with SPAD value in summer(p<0.01). N content of leaves was remarkably and negatively correlated with SPAD value and photochemical quenching coefficient(qP) in autumn(p<0.05), but was significantly and positively correlated with F_m and F_0(p<0.05).
In order to investigate the changes of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolate) under atmospheric nitrogen(N) deposition and phosphorus(P) addition, our experiment was conducted on 10-year-old Chinese fir by seting up 9 treatment levels: low N(N30: 30 kg·ha~(-1)·a~(-1)), high N(N60: 60 kg·ha~(-1)·a~(-1)), low P(P20: 20 mg·kg~(-1)), high P(P40: 40 mg·kg~(-1)), low N and low P(N30 + P20), low N and high P(N30 + P40), high N and low P(N60 + P20), high N and high P(N60 + P40) and control group(CK). In summer, N deposition and P addition had no significant effect on the maximum net photosynthetic rate(Pn_(max)) of Chinese fir. Moreover, either N deposition or P addition independently inhibited the maximum fluorescence yield(F_m), initial fluorescence yield(F_0) and potential activity of PSII(F_v/F_0) value of Chinese fir. P addition alone increased the leaf color value(SPAD) of Chinese fir. Under the condition of P addition, low N addition increased the F_m; high N addition increased the SPAD value but decreased the non-photochemical quenching coefficient(qN) of Chinese fir. In autumn, N deposition alone promoted the Pn_(max). Either N deposition or P addition independently inhibited the SPAD value of Chinese fir. Under P addition, N deposition increased the SPAD but decreased the F_0 value both in summer and autumn. N content of leaves was significantly and positively correlated with SPAD value in summer(p<0.01). N content of leaves was remarkably and negatively correlated with SPAD value and photochemical quenching coefficient(qP) in autumn(p<0.05), but was significantly and positively correlated with F_m and F_0(p<0.05).
引文
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[5]樊后保,廖迎春,刘文飞,等.模拟氮沉降对杉木幼苗养分平衡的影响[J].生态学报,2011,31(12):3277-3284.
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[7]王帅,杨劲峰,韩晓日,等.不同施肥处理对旱作春玉米光合特性的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2008,(6):23-27.
[8]潘晓华,刘水英,李锋,等.低磷胁迫对不同水稻品种幼苗光合作用的影响[J].作物学报,2003,29(5):770-774.
[9]张海伟,徐芳森.不同磷水平下甘蓝型油菜光合特性的基因型差异研究[J].植物营养与肥料学,2010,16(5):1196-1202.
[10]郭淑青,李文金,张仁懿,等.氮磷添加对金露梅叶片化学计量及光合特征的影响[J].广西植物,2014,34(5):629-634.
[11]张建恒,李宾兴,王斌,等.不同磷效率小麦品种光合碳同化和物质生产特性研究[J].中国农业科学,2006,39(11):2200-2207.
[12]周晓兵,张元明,等.干旱半干旱区氮沉降生态效应研究进展[J].生态学报,2009,29(7):3835-3845.
[13]PALANI S,TKALICH P,BALASUBRAMANIAN R,PALANICHAMY J.Ann application for prediction of atmospheric nitrogen deposition to aquatic ecosystems[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2011,62(6):1198-1206.
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[16]AMBALAVANAN J.Absorption of nitrogen,oxygen and Argon on Na-Ce X Zeolites Kluwer academic publishers,manufactured in the Netherlands absorption J[J].Physiologia Plantarum,2002,8:271-278.
[17]LU Chaoqun,TIAN Hanqin.Spatial and temporal patterns of nitrogen deposition in China:synthesis of observational data[J].Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres,2007,112:141-167.
[18]顾鸿昊,翁俊,孔佳杰,等.粗放和集约经营毛竹林叶片的生态化学计量特征[J].浙江农林大学学报,2015,32(5):661-667.
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[20]李德军,莫江明,方运霆,等.模拟氮沉降对三种南亚热带树苗生长和光合作用的影响[J].生态学报,2005,29(4):543-549.
[21]Evans J R.Photosynthesis and nitrogen relationships in leaves of C3 plants[M].Oecologia,2002,78:9-19.
[22]MITSUKAWA N,OKUMURA S,SHIRANO Y,et al.Overexpression of an Arabidopsis thaliana high-affinity phosphate transporter gene in tobacco cultured cells enhances cell growth under phosphate-limited conditions[M].Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences of United States of America,1997,94(13):7098-7102.
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[24]殷秀敏,余树全,江洪,等.模拟酸雨对两种针叶植物气体交换和叶绿素荧光特征的影响[J].浙江林业科技,2009,29(5):13-18.
[25]董秋平,赵恢,张小芳,等.低磷胁迫下不同野生大豆的形态和生理响应差异[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(9):79-83.
[26]MOLLIER A,PELLERIN S.Maize root system growth and development as influenced by phosphorous deficiency[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,1999,50:487-497.
[27]吴楚,范志强,王政权.磷胁迫对水曲柳幼苗叶绿素合成、光合作用和生物量分配格局的影响[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(6):935-940.
[28]李绍长,胡昌浩,龚江,等.低磷胁迫对磷不同利用效率玉米叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].作物学报,2004,30(4):365-370.
[29]林静雯,李莹,罗洁文,等.草甘膦对杉木种子萌发及幼苗生长的毒性效应[J].江西农业大学学报,2015,37(5):843-848.
[30]阳显斌,张锡洲,李延轩.施磷量对不同磷效率小麦氮、磷、钾积累与分配的影响[J].核农学报,2012,26(1):141-149.
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[35]张毅龙,张卫强,甘先华,等.低温胁迫对6种珍贵树种苗木光合荧光特性的影响[J].生态环境学报,2014,23(5):777-784.
[36]LI Dejun,MO Jiangming,FANG Yunting,et al.Ecophysiological responses of woody plants to elevated nitrogen deposition[J].Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany,2004,12(5):482-488.
[37]刘建福.澳洲坚果叶片光合速率和叶绿素荧光参数日变化[J].西南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2006,28(2):271-274.
[38]郭延平,陈屏昭,张良诚,等.缺磷胁迫加重柑橘叶片光合作用的光抑制及叶黄素循环的作用[J].植物营养与肥力学报,2003,9(3):359-363.
[39]XIA Jianyang,WAN Shiqiang.Global response patterns of terrestrial plant species to nitrogen addition[J].New Phytologist,2008,179:428-439.
[40]SHERIFF D W,NAMBIAR E K S,FIFE N D.Relationships between nutrient status,carbon assimilation and water use efficiency in Pinus radiate needles[J].Tree Physiology,1986,2:73-88.
[41]SONG Xinzhang,GU Honghao,MENG Wang,et al.Management practices regulate the response of Moso bamboo foliar stoichiometry to nitrogen deposition[J].Scientific Reports,2016,6:24107.
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