豫东地区煤系烃源岩有机质特征与煤系气资源潜力
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摘要
为了评价豫东地区煤系烃源岩生烃潜力,基于有机碳含量(TOC)、镜质体反射率、干酪根类型及显微组成等测试分析结果,探讨了豫东地区不同区块煤系烃源岩的有机地球化学特征,对比分析了不同区块煤系气资源潜力,提出煤系气勘探有利区块。结果表明:区内煤系烃源岩的有机碳含量偏低(小于1.5%);干酪根类型以Ⅲ型为主,偶见Ⅱ_2型干酪根,利于生气;煤系经历了中二叠–中晚三叠世和晚侏罗–早白垩世2个大量生烃阶段,烃源岩热演化程度较高,镜质体反射率(R_(ran))为1.44%～3.80%,平均2.83%,有机质进入高成熟–过高成熟阶段,生烃量较充足。总体上,区内烃源岩生烃潜力属于差–中级别,砂泥岩储集性能相对较好,含气量高。煤系盖层主要为封盖性好的细砂岩、煤层、泥质岩类,煤系烃源岩气体保存条件好。研究认为研究区的睢西区块烃源岩具有埋藏深度较浅、有效厚度大、孔隙度高、含气量和含气饱和度高、有机质成熟度高的特点,为豫东煤系气勘探的有利区块。
In order to evaluate the hydrocarbon generation potential of coal-measure source rocks in eastern Henan Province, based on the measurement results of organic carbon content, vitrinite reflectance and the identification of maceral and type of kerogen in source rocks, the organic geochemical characteristics and the resource potential of coal-measure gas in different blocks of eastern Henan Province were comprehensively analyzed, and favorable blocks for coal-measure gas exploration were designated. The results show that the organic carbon mass fraction of coal-measure source rocks presents low as a whole(less than 1.5%). Kerogen in coal-measures source rocks is mainly of type Ⅲ and Ⅱ_2 can be locally seen in the source rocks, so it can be concluded the source rocks are favorable for hydrocarbon generation. The coal-measure strata has undergone twice mass hydrocarbon generation stage(Middle Permian to Middle-Late Triassic and Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous), the thermal evolution extent of source rocks is relatively high. The vitrinite reflectance ranges from 1.44% to 3.80% and 2.83% in average, so the organic matter is classified form the high mature to over high mature stage, hydrocarbon generation is adequate.As a whole, the hydrocarbon generation potential of source rocks in the area belongs to bad-medium standard,sandstone and mudstone reservoir property is relatively good, gas content is high. The coal measures are mainly fine sandstone, coal seam, mudstone with good sealing property, which have good preservation conditions. The study shows that the hydrocarbon source rocks in Suixi block are characterized by shallow burial depth, large effective thickness, high porosity, high gas content and high gas saturation, high maturity of organic matter, are favorable blocks for the exploration of coal-measure gas in eastern Henan Province.
In order to evaluate the hydrocarbon generation potential of coal-measure source rocks in eastern Henan Province, based on the measurement results of organic carbon content, vitrinite reflectance and the identification of maceral and type of kerogen in source rocks, the organic geochemical characteristics and the resource potential of coal-measure gas in different blocks of eastern Henan Province were comprehensively analyzed, and favorable blocks for coal-measure gas exploration were designated. The results show that the organic carbon mass fraction of coal-measure source rocks presents low as a whole(less than 1.5%). Kerogen in coal-measures source rocks is mainly of type Ⅲ and Ⅱ_2 can be locally seen in the source rocks, so it can be concluded the source rocks are favorable for hydrocarbon generation. The coal-measure strata has undergone twice mass hydrocarbon generation stage(Middle Permian to Middle-Late Triassic and Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous), the thermal evolution extent of source rocks is relatively high. The vitrinite reflectance ranges from 1.44% to 3.80% and 2.83% in average, so the organic matter is classified form the high mature to over high mature stage, hydrocarbon generation is adequate.As a whole, the hydrocarbon generation potential of source rocks in the area belongs to bad-medium standard,sandstone and mudstone reservoir property is relatively good, gas content is high. The coal measures are mainly fine sandstone, coal seam, mudstone with good sealing property, which have good preservation conditions. The study shows that the hydrocarbon source rocks in Suixi block are characterized by shallow burial depth, large effective thickness, high porosity, high gas content and high gas saturation, high maturity of organic matter, are favorable blocks for the exploration of coal-measure gas in eastern Henan Province.
引文
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[4]张小东,朱春辉,林俊峰,等.豫东马桥详查区煤系气成藏地质特征[J].河南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2018,37(5):40-46.ZHANG Xiaodong,ZHU Chunhui,LIN Junfeng,et al.Geological reservoir properties of coal measures gas in Maqiao survey area of eastern Henan Province[J].Journal of Henan Polytechnic University(Natural Science),2018,37(5):40-46.
[5]焦大庆.华北南部油气地质条件[M].北京:地质出版社,2009.
[6]秦建中.华北地区煤系烃源层油气生成运移评价[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
[7]陈迎宾,张寿庭.柴达木盆地德令哈拗陷中侏罗统烃源岩有机地球化学特征[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2011,38(2):191-198.CHEN Yingbin,ZHANG Shouting.Organic geochemical characteristics of Middle Jurassic hydrocarbon source rocks in Delingha depression of Qaidam basin[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Natural Sciences),2011,38(2):191-198.
[8]韩文学,麻伟娇,陶士振,等.鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界灰岩烃源岩生烃潜力评价[J].地球科学,2018,43(2):599-609.HAN Wenxue,MA Weijiao,TAO Shizhen,et al.Hydrocarbon generation potential evaluation of Upper Paleozoic limestone in Ordos basin[J].Journal of Earth Science,2018,43(2):599-609.
[9]龚大兴,林金辉,唐云凤,等.上扬子地台北缘古生界海相烃源岩有机地球化学特征[J].岩性油气藏,2010,22(3):31-37.GONG Daxing,LIN Jinhui,TANG Yunfeng,et al.Organic geochemical characteristics of Paleozoic marine source rocks in northern margin of upper Yangtze platform[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2010,22(3):31-37.
[10]姚多喜.镜质组反射率的抑制作用[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,1999,18(4):369-372.YAO Duoxi.The inhibition of vitrinite reflectance[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University,1999,18(4):369-372.
[11]余和中,吕福亮,郭庆新,等.华北板块南缘原型沉积盆地类型与构造演化[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(2):111-117.YU Hezhong,LYU Fuliang,GUO Qingxin,et al.Proto-sediment basin types and tectonic evolution in the southern edge of North China place[J].Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2005,27(2):111-117.
[12]陈建平,梁狄刚,张水昌,等.中国古生界海相烃源岩生烃潜力评价标准与方法[J].地质学报,2012,86(7):1132-1142.CHEN Jianping,LIANG Digang,ZHANG Shuichang,et al.Evalution criterion and methods of the hydrocarbon generation potential for China’s Paleozoic marine source rocks[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2012,86(7):1132-1142.
[13]陈建平,赵长毅,何忠华.煤系有机质生烃潜力评价标准探讨[J].石油勘探与开发,1997,24(1):1-5.CHEN Jianpin,ZHAO Changyi,HE Zhonghua,et al.Discussion on evaluation criteria for hydrocarbon potential of organic matter in coal measures[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1997,24(1):1-5.