基于旋流原理的固液分离设备及性能研究
|
摘要
根据水力相似原理,结合旋流沉砂池设计规律,建立了旋流固液分离设备模型,选择4个影响因素,采用单因素和正交试验,分析不同粒径的含砂水流时砂粒分离效率的变化,探讨沉砂分离效率主要影响因素及沉砂池设计最佳水平取值。结果表明,水头增大使分离效率增加,但过大的水头会使分离效率降低;流入口直径较小时分离效率较高;底流口直径增大使分离效率增加;底流管长度增大使分离效率增加。影响100目砂分离效率的各因素主次顺序及最佳水平为底流口直径30 mm、底流管长度45 cm、水头35 cm、流入口直径40 mm;影响30目砂分离效率的各因素主次顺序及最佳水平为水头60 cm,流入口直径40 mm,底流口直径30 mm,底流管长度30 cm。在各因素最佳水平下,100目砂的最佳分离效率为82.14%,30目砂的最佳分离效率为83.55%。试验结果为小型污水处理中的沉砂池设计与使用提供参考。
According to the hydraulic similarity theory and combined the design of a rotation flow girt chamber, a solid-liquid separation equipment model was developed with four factors, which were diameter for outlet, long for outlet pipe, water head, and diameter for inlet, influencing the efficiency of grit removal. By applying the single factor and orthogonal experiments, the importance and the optimal condition of four factors under different sand particle size conditions were studied. Results showed that the increasing water head improved the efficiency of grit removal, but large water head reduced the efficiency. Small diameters of the inlet improved the efficiency of grit removal, while large diameters of the outlet improved the efficiency of grit removal. In addition, long outlet pipe also improved the efficiency of grit removal. The optimal conditions of four factors for the 100 mesh sand were as follows: 30 mm diameter for the outlet, 45 cm long for the outlet pipe, 35 cm water head, 40 mm diameter for the inlet. The optimal conditions of fours factors for 30 mesh sand were as follows: 60 cm water head, 40 mm diameter for the inlet, 30 mm diameter for the outlet,and 30 cm long for the outlet pipe. Under the optimal condition of 4 factors, the efficiency of grit removal in 100 mesh sand was 82.14%, and 83.55% for 130 mesh sand. Our findings may provide valuable references for the design of grit chamber for the small-scale sewage treatment.
According to the hydraulic similarity theory and combined the design of a rotation flow girt chamber, a solid-liquid separation equipment model was developed with four factors, which were diameter for outlet, long for outlet pipe, water head, and diameter for inlet, influencing the efficiency of grit removal. By applying the single factor and orthogonal experiments, the importance and the optimal condition of four factors under different sand particle size conditions were studied. Results showed that the increasing water head improved the efficiency of grit removal, but large water head reduced the efficiency. Small diameters of the inlet improved the efficiency of grit removal, while large diameters of the outlet improved the efficiency of grit removal. In addition, long outlet pipe also improved the efficiency of grit removal. The optimal conditions of four factors for the 100 mesh sand were as follows: 30 mm diameter for the outlet, 45 cm long for the outlet pipe, 35 cm water head, 40 mm diameter for the inlet. The optimal conditions of fours factors for 30 mesh sand were as follows: 60 cm water head, 40 mm diameter for the inlet, 30 mm diameter for the outlet,and 30 cm long for the outlet pipe. Under the optimal condition of 4 factors, the efficiency of grit removal in 100 mesh sand was 82.14%, and 83.55% for 130 mesh sand. Our findings may provide valuable references for the design of grit chamber for the small-scale sewage treatment.
引文
[1]蒋明虎.旋流分离技术研究及其应用[J].大庆石油学院学报,2010,5(34):101-109.
[2]李涛.沉砂池的设计及不同池型的选择[J].中国给水排水,2001,17(9):37-42.
[3]龙干,颜振邦,赵华.旋流沉砂池在上海白龙港污水处理厂的应用[J].中国市政工程,2001(S1):26-30.
[4]陈璐,陈凡阵,王文,等.城市污水处理厂除砂系统设计选型的探讨[J].工业用水与废水,2008,39(1):72-74.
[5]周杨.平流沉砂池与旋流沉砂池运行效果[J].天津建设科技,2013,23(1):72-73.
[6]王雪原.Pista360°涡流沉砂池运行的特色与设计要点[J].中国给水排水,2001,17(8):36-38.
[7]许劲,孙俊贻,周幸儒,等.不设初沉池时沉砂池的选型分析[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2005,27(2):61-64.
[8]蒋偲.沉砂池设计在污水处理中的作用[J].四川建材,2008(3):327-330.
[9]翟计红.改进型水力旋流沉砂池设计[J].铁道劳动安全卫生与环保,2006,5(5):259-261.
[10]北京市市政工程设计研究总院.给水排水设计手册(5城镇排水)[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2004.
[11]张磊,钟德钰,王光谦,等.基于动理学理论的推移质输沙公式[J].水科学进展,2013,24(5):692-698.
[12]王淦,叶勇,张辉,等.新型旋流沉砂池的除砂率数值模拟[J].中国给水排水,2013,29(9):92-95.
[13]费祥俊.悬移质水流挟沙能力与输沙特性[J].泥沙研究,2003(3):30-34.
[14]董德信,李瑞杰,陈波.基于多元线性回归方法的水流挟沙力公式建立与验证[J].广西科学,2011,18(1):83-87
[15]吴持恭.水力学(下册)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2008:269-273.
[2]李涛.沉砂池的设计及不同池型的选择[J].中国给水排水,2001,17(9):37-42.
[3]龙干,颜振邦,赵华.旋流沉砂池在上海白龙港污水处理厂的应用[J].中国市政工程,2001(S1):26-30.
[4]陈璐,陈凡阵,王文,等.城市污水处理厂除砂系统设计选型的探讨[J].工业用水与废水,2008,39(1):72-74.
[5]周杨.平流沉砂池与旋流沉砂池运行效果[J].天津建设科技,2013,23(1):72-73.
[6]王雪原.Pista360°涡流沉砂池运行的特色与设计要点[J].中国给水排水,2001,17(8):36-38.
[7]许劲,孙俊贻,周幸儒,等.不设初沉池时沉砂池的选型分析[J].重庆建筑大学学报,2005,27(2):61-64.
[8]蒋偲.沉砂池设计在污水处理中的作用[J].四川建材,2008(3):327-330.
[9]翟计红.改进型水力旋流沉砂池设计[J].铁道劳动安全卫生与环保,2006,5(5):259-261.
[10]北京市市政工程设计研究总院.给水排水设计手册(5城镇排水)[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2004.
[11]张磊,钟德钰,王光谦,等.基于动理学理论的推移质输沙公式[J].水科学进展,2013,24(5):692-698.
[12]王淦,叶勇,张辉,等.新型旋流沉砂池的除砂率数值模拟[J].中国给水排水,2013,29(9):92-95.
[13]费祥俊.悬移质水流挟沙能力与输沙特性[J].泥沙研究,2003(3):30-34.
[14]董德信,李瑞杰,陈波.基于多元线性回归方法的水流挟沙力公式建立与验证[J].广西科学,2011,18(1):83-87
[15]吴持恭.水力学(下册)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2008:269-273.