矿井热动力灾害逃生影响因素研究
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摘要
为了减少事故伤亡、降低外部救援压力,通过总结煤矿热动力灾害事故案例和救援经验,定义逃生是遇险人员在恶劣灾变环境中、极端心理压力下,运用逃生知识和技能,利用逃生避险系统进行的自救行为。灾区环境和灾情、矿井逃生避险系统和遇险人员的逃生能力是煤矿热动力灾害逃生的主要影响因素。其中,灾区环境和灾情是逃生场景,一切具体逃生行为均是对灾区环境和灾情的响应;矿井逃生避险系统是遇险人员获取灾情信息、寻路、获得补给、规避风险,保证生命安全的辅助设施,是提高逃生自救与外部施救效能的关键;逃生能力是遇险人员合理利用矿井逃生避险系统应对极端灾变环境的核心要素。
In order to reduce accident casualties, reduce external rescue pressure, by summarizing the cases and rescue experience of coal mine thermodynamic disasters, the concept of escape is defined as victims escape from the disaster areas by using of selfsaving knowledge and skills on the help of mine evacuation systems and under heavy psychological stress. The environment and situation of disaster area, mine evacuation systems and escape ability of victims are main influence factors on thermodynamic disaster escape. Among them, the environment and situation of disaster area is the scene and response of self-evacuation. The mine escape risk system is an auxiliary facility to obtain disaster information, way-finding, supply, avoiding risk and ensuring life safety, and it is also the key to improve the efficiency of rescue and external rescue. The escape ability is the core element that the personnel in distress rationally use the mine escape safety system to deal with the extreme cataclysm environment.
In order to reduce accident casualties, reduce external rescue pressure, by summarizing the cases and rescue experience of coal mine thermodynamic disasters, the concept of escape is defined as victims escape from the disaster areas by using of selfsaving knowledge and skills on the help of mine evacuation systems and under heavy psychological stress. The environment and situation of disaster area, mine evacuation systems and escape ability of victims are main influence factors on thermodynamic disaster escape. Among them, the environment and situation of disaster area is the scene and response of self-evacuation. The mine escape risk system is an auxiliary facility to obtain disaster information, way-finding, supply, avoiding risk and ensuring life safety, and it is also the key to improve the efficiency of rescue and external rescue. The escape ability is the core element that the personnel in distress rationally use the mine escape safety system to deal with the extreme cataclysm environment.
引文
[1]王德明.矿井通风与安全[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2007.
[2]王德明,程远平.矿井火灾火源燃烧特性的实验研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2002,31(1):30-33.
[3]米庆辉,蒋光昶.6批51例瓦斯爆炸伤患者的救治体会[J].中国烧伤创疡杂志,2002,14(3):149-150.
[4]王建军,谌煜.140例瓦斯爆炸烧伤救治分析[J].湖北民族学院学报(医学版),2005,22(4):27-29.
[5]徐和甜,王贺,胡梅,等.瓦斯爆炸伤13例救治分析[J].人民军医,2012,55(11):1112-1113.
[6]杨应迪.瓦斯爆炸对矿井通风网络的动力效应研究[D].淮南:安徽理工大学,2011.
[7]周心权,常文杰.煤矿重大灾害应急救援技术[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2007.
[8]Council N R.Improving self-escape from underground coal mines[M].National Academies Press,2013.
[9]孙继平.煤矿井下安全避险“六大系统”的作用和配置方案[J].工矿自动化,2010,36(11):1-4.
[10]Duzgun H S,Yaylaci E D.An evaluation of Soma underground coal mine disaster with respect to risk acceptance and risk perception[R].Montreal:International Symposium on Mine Safety Science and Engineering,2016.
[11]孙继平.煤矿井下安全避险“六大系统”建设指南[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2012.
[12]孙继平.煤矿事故特点与煤矿通信、人员定位及监视新技术[J].工矿自动化,2015,41(2):1-5.
[13]增安能.重庆石壕煤矿8名矿工火海逃生领导带班制给力[EB/OL].(2010-12-19)[2017-11-31].http://news.sohu.com/20101219/n278386445.shtml.
[14]Alexander D W,Bealko S B,Brnich M J,et al.Strategies for escape and rescue from underground coal mines[R].Pittsburgh,PA:National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,2010.
[15]Brnich M J,Hall E E.Incorporating Judgment and Decisionmaking into Quarterly Mine Escape Training Based on a Mine Fire Scenario[R].Department of Health and Human Services,2013.
[16]Vaught C,Brnich M J,Mallett L G,et al.Behavioral and Organizational Dimensions of Underground Mine Fires[J].Ceramics International,2000,35(8):3117.
[17]国家安全生产监督管理总局.煤矿安全规程[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2016.
[2]王德明,程远平.矿井火灾火源燃烧特性的实验研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2002,31(1):30-33.
[3]米庆辉,蒋光昶.6批51例瓦斯爆炸伤患者的救治体会[J].中国烧伤创疡杂志,2002,14(3):149-150.
[4]王建军,谌煜.140例瓦斯爆炸烧伤救治分析[J].湖北民族学院学报(医学版),2005,22(4):27-29.
[5]徐和甜,王贺,胡梅,等.瓦斯爆炸伤13例救治分析[J].人民军医,2012,55(11):1112-1113.
[6]杨应迪.瓦斯爆炸对矿井通风网络的动力效应研究[D].淮南:安徽理工大学,2011.
[7]周心权,常文杰.煤矿重大灾害应急救援技术[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2007.
[8]Council N R.Improving self-escape from underground coal mines[M].National Academies Press,2013.
[9]孙继平.煤矿井下安全避险“六大系统”的作用和配置方案[J].工矿自动化,2010,36(11):1-4.
[10]Duzgun H S,Yaylaci E D.An evaluation of Soma underground coal mine disaster with respect to risk acceptance and risk perception[R].Montreal:International Symposium on Mine Safety Science and Engineering,2016.
[11]孙继平.煤矿井下安全避险“六大系统”建设指南[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2012.
[12]孙继平.煤矿事故特点与煤矿通信、人员定位及监视新技术[J].工矿自动化,2015,41(2):1-5.
[13]增安能.重庆石壕煤矿8名矿工火海逃生领导带班制给力[EB/OL].(2010-12-19)[2017-11-31].http://news.sohu.com/20101219/n278386445.shtml.
[14]Alexander D W,Bealko S B,Brnich M J,et al.Strategies for escape and rescue from underground coal mines[R].Pittsburgh,PA:National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,2010.
[15]Brnich M J,Hall E E.Incorporating Judgment and Decisionmaking into Quarterly Mine Escape Training Based on a Mine Fire Scenario[R].Department of Health and Human Services,2013.
[16]Vaught C,Brnich M J,Mallett L G,et al.Behavioral and Organizational Dimensions of Underground Mine Fires[J].Ceramics International,2000,35(8):3117.
[17]国家安全生产监督管理总局.煤矿安全规程[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2016.