人造板VOCs释放研究进展
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摘要
当前室内装饰装修使用较为普遍的材料是人造板,它的大量使用有效地解决了木材资源匮乏的问题,但它同时也会释放出大量的挥发性有机化合物(volatile organic compounds,VOCs)。人造板释放的VOCs不仅会造成室内空气污染,降低室内空气质量,还会严重危害人体健康。随着人们环保意识的提高以及对室内空气质量的日益关注,生产企业制造高质量更加绿色环保板材的需求越来越迫切,因此,控制和降低VOCs释放对促进人造板产业的健康发展具有重要意义。主要介绍了人造板VOCs的种类、对人体和环境造成的危害,阐述了人造板VOCs释放研究的重要意义,总结了检测分析人造板VOCs的常用方法,归纳了国内外发布的人造板VOCs的检测及释放限量标准,同时对影响人造板VOCs释放的主要因素进行了分析,指出了当前人造板VOCs释放研究所面临的问题,并对研究前景进行了展望,可为有效解决人造板室内环境污染问题提供借鉴。
At present,one of the most common materials used for interior decoration and furniture is wood-based panels. The large-scale application of wood-based panels effectively addresses the concerns of scarcity of natural solid wood resources,but the application of wood-based panels also release large amount of volatile organic compounds(VOCs). With the improvement of people's environmental awareness and increasing attention to indoor air quality,the demanded for high-quality and more environmental-friendly panels has been increased. Therefore,the technology for controlling and reducing the emission of the VOCs from wood-based panels is of great importance for ensuring indoor air quality,protecting the health of people,promoting the healthy and stable development of China's wood-based panel products and enhancing their competitiveness in the world. The research carried out on this issue is conducive to understand emission mechanism of the VOCs and control its compounds which cause harm to humans. It would help people to use wood-based panel rationally in home and provide manufacturers with know-howin production on the spots. In this study,the types of VOCs were classified,and the dosage harm caused by the VOCs to the human body and the domestic/abroad research were summarized. The common methods and standards for the detection and analysis of the VOCs on wood-based panels were introduced. The main factors affecting the release of the VOCs from woodbased panels were also described. Up till nowChina has not yet issued the official VOCs release limit standard for the wood-based panel and its products,which has increased the difficulty in monitoring and controlling VOCs release. The loading rate is also an important factor affecting VOCs release of the wood-based panel. The loading rate represents the exposed area of the wood-based panel in the space of unit volume,which reflects the use degree of indoor wood-based panel. In addition,the odor to the environment and the influence of human body has been paid to. These current concerns about VOCs emission from wood-based panels were summarized,and the research prospects in the future were put forward,which can provide the wood-based panel industry with foundation and guide line for effectively solving the indoor environmental pollution problems.
At present,one of the most common materials used for interior decoration and furniture is wood-based panels. The large-scale application of wood-based panels effectively addresses the concerns of scarcity of natural solid wood resources,but the application of wood-based panels also release large amount of volatile organic compounds(VOCs). With the improvement of people's environmental awareness and increasing attention to indoor air quality,the demanded for high-quality and more environmental-friendly panels has been increased. Therefore,the technology for controlling and reducing the emission of the VOCs from wood-based panels is of great importance for ensuring indoor air quality,protecting the health of people,promoting the healthy and stable development of China's wood-based panel products and enhancing their competitiveness in the world. The research carried out on this issue is conducive to understand emission mechanism of the VOCs and control its compounds which cause harm to humans. It would help people to use wood-based panel rationally in home and provide manufacturers with know-howin production on the spots. In this study,the types of VOCs were classified,and the dosage harm caused by the VOCs to the human body and the domestic/abroad research were summarized. The common methods and standards for the detection and analysis of the VOCs on wood-based panels were introduced. The main factors affecting the release of the VOCs from woodbased panels were also described. Up till nowChina has not yet issued the official VOCs release limit standard for the wood-based panel and its products,which has increased the difficulty in monitoring and controlling VOCs release. The loading rate is also an important factor affecting VOCs release of the wood-based panel. The loading rate represents the exposed area of the wood-based panel in the space of unit volume,which reflects the use degree of indoor wood-based panel. In addition,the odor to the environment and the influence of human body has been paid to. These current concerns about VOCs emission from wood-based panels were summarized,and the research prospects in the future were put forward,which can provide the wood-based panel industry with foundation and guide line for effectively solving the indoor environmental pollution problems.
引文
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[11]KIM Y M,HARRAD S,HARRISON R M. Concentrations and sources of VOCs in urban domestic and public microenvironments[J]. Environment Science&Technology,2001,35(6):997-1004.
[12]LIU Y,SHEN J,ZHU X D. Evaluation of mechanical properties and formaldehyde emissions of particleboards with nanomaterialadded melamine-impregnated papers[J]. European Journal of Wood&Wood Products,2015,73(4):449-455.
[13]孙世静.人造板VOC释放影响因子的评价研究[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2011.SUN S J. Study on the evaluation of impact factors of VOC release from wood-based panel[D]. Harbin:Northeast Forestry University,2011.
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[16]TOHMURA S I,MIYAMOTO K,INOUE A. Measurement of aldehyde and VOC emissions from plywood of various formaldehyde emission grades[J]. Mokuzai Gakkaishi,2005,51(51):340-344.
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