苯酚对活性污泥硝化与反硝化动力学的影响
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摘要
通过批次试验,研究苯酚与活性污泥缺氧和好氧接触对微生物硝化和反硝化作用的影响。结果表明:(1)苯酚对缺氧2h后的活性污泥硝化有抑制作用,且苯酚浓度越高,抑制作用越强。当苯酚浓度较低时对自养菌的最大比氨氧化速率(AUR)的抑制作用能用竞争性抑制Monod方程拟合,半数抑制质量浓度(IC50)为19.2mg/L。(2)苯酚对直接曝气的活性污泥比对缺氧接触2h后再曝气的活性污泥的硝化抑制作用更强,当苯酚从0mg/L增加到10.0mg/L,AUR由2.51mg/(L·h)降至0.36mg/(L·h),且在10.0mg/L时,硝化抑制率(IR)高达85.7%。(3)苯酚的抑制效应随着缺氧时间延长而逐渐降低。当苯酚为10.0mg/L时,直接曝气的活性污泥受到的硝化抑制最强,IR为85.8%,并在缺氧4h后IR降为0。(4)当碳源充足时,活性污泥的反硝化菌对苯酚的耐受力较强,苯酚对活性污泥的反硝化过程没有影响,微生物的反硝化速率(NUR)维持在5.279～5.308mmol/(mg·h)。
The effects of phenol and anoxic and aerobic contact with activated sludge on the kinetics of nitrification and denitrification were studied by batch experiments.The results showed that:(1)phenol inhibited nitrification of activated sludge after 2 hof anoxic treatment.And the inhibitory effect increased with phenol concentration.When the initial concentration of phenol was low,the inhibitory effect on AUR of autotrophic bacteria was fitted by the competitive inhibition Monod equation.The half inhibitory mass concentration(IC50)was 19.2mg/L.(2)The inhibition effect of phenol on activated sludge with direct aeration was stronger than that with activated sludge with anoxic exposure for 2h.When phenol increased from 0to 10.0mg/L,AURdecreased from 2.51 to 0.36mg/(L·h).And IR was 85.7% when phenol was 10.0mg/L.(3)The inhibitory effect of phenol decreased with time of anoxic treatment.When phenol was 10.0 mg/L,nitrification inhibition of activated sludge with direct aeration was the strongest,with IRof 85.8%.After 4hof anoxic treatment,IRdropped to zero.(4)With sufficient carbon source,the denitrifying bacteria of activated sludge were resistant to phenol,and the denitrification process was not affected by phenol.NUR maintained between 5.279 to 5.308mmol/(mg·h).
The effects of phenol and anoxic and aerobic contact with activated sludge on the kinetics of nitrification and denitrification were studied by batch experiments.The results showed that:(1)phenol inhibited nitrification of activated sludge after 2 hof anoxic treatment.And the inhibitory effect increased with phenol concentration.When the initial concentration of phenol was low,the inhibitory effect on AUR of autotrophic bacteria was fitted by the competitive inhibition Monod equation.The half inhibitory mass concentration(IC50)was 19.2mg/L.(2)The inhibition effect of phenol on activated sludge with direct aeration was stronger than that with activated sludge with anoxic exposure for 2h.When phenol increased from 0to 10.0mg/L,AURdecreased from 2.51 to 0.36mg/(L·h).And IR was 85.7% when phenol was 10.0mg/L.(3)The inhibitory effect of phenol decreased with time of anoxic treatment.When phenol was 10.0 mg/L,nitrification inhibition of activated sludge with direct aeration was the strongest,with IRof 85.8%.After 4hof anoxic treatment,IRdropped to zero.(4)With sufficient carbon source,the denitrifying bacteria of activated sludge were resistant to phenol,and the denitrification process was not affected by phenol.NUR maintained between 5.279 to 5.308mmol/(mg·h).
引文
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[18]任健,李军,马文瑾,等.酸化液对反硝化速率的影响研究[J].中国给水排水,2010,26(7):5-8.
[19]杨朋兵,李祥,黄勇,等.苯酚对厌氧氨氧化污泥脱氮效能长短期影响[J].环境科学,2015,36(10):3771-3777.
[2]古文,周林军,刘济宁,等.4种酚类化学品对硝化污泥的抑制效应研究[J].环境科学与技术,2016,39(10):14-19.
[3] JULIASTUTI S R,BAEYENS J,CREEMERS C,et al.The inhibitory effects of heavy metals and organic compounds on the net maximum specific growth rate of the autotrophic biomass in activated sludge[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2003,100(1/2/3):271-283.
[4] HOYOSHERNANDEZ C,HOFFMANN M,GUENNE A,et al.Elucidation of the thermophilic phenol biodegradation pathway via benzoate during the anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste[J].Chemosphere,2014,97:115-119.
[5] NA J G,LEE M K,YUN Y M,et al.Microbial community analysis of anaerobic granules in phenol-degrading UASB by next generation sequencing[J].Biochemical Engineering Journal,2016,112:241-248.
[6]李培良,王竞,金若菲,等.腐植酸强化苯酚厌氧发酵降解[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(4):1639-1644.
[7]吴志超,周振,王志伟,等.活性污泥系统中异养微生物浓度的测定[J].中国环境科学,2008,28(10):910-914.
[8] ZHOU Z,HU D,REN W,et al.Effect of humic substances on phosphorus removal by struvite precipitation[J].Chemosphere,2015,141:94-99.
[9]李娟英,赵庆祥,江敏.氨氮生物硝化过程中苯酚的抑制作用[J].水处理技术,2007,33(2).
[10] INGLEZAKIS V J,MALAMIS S,OMIRKHAN A,et al.Investigating the inhibitory effect of cyanide,phenol and 4-nitrophenol on the activated sludge process employed for the treatment of petroleum wastewater[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2016,203(17):825-830.
[11] HABIBI A,SHARIFI S.Kinetic modeling for simultaneous biodegradation of phenol and formaldehyde at inhibitory concentrations by Ralstonia eutropha[J].CLEAN-Soil,Air,Water,2016,44(9):1113-1122.
[12]洪莉萍.有毒物质对MBR中微生物胞外聚合物形成及其膜污染的影响研究[D].苏州:苏州大学,2012.
[13]刘滔,池勇志,付海娟,等.Zn(Ⅱ)、硫化物和苯酚对短程硝化污泥活性的抑制[J].环境工程学报,2017,11(10):5341-5350.
[14] SUREZ OJEDA M E,GUISASOLA A,CARRERA J.Inhibitory impact of quinone-like compounds over partial nitrification[J].Chemosphere,2010,80(4):474-480.
[15] KOBAYASHI T,HASHINAGA T,MIKAMI E,et al.Methanogenic degradation of phenol and benzoate in acclimated sludges[J].Water Pollution Research&Control Brighton,1988,21(4):55-65.
[16]柯水洲,张明,胡翔,等.苯酚厌氧降解的研究及应用[J].工业水处理,2007,27(2):9-12.
[17] FANG H H,LIANG D W,ZHANG T,et al.Anaerobic treatment of phenol in wastewater under thermophilic condition[J].Water Research,2006,40(3):427-434.
[18]任健,李军,马文瑾,等.酸化液对反硝化速率的影响研究[J].中国给水排水,2010,26(7):5-8.
[19]杨朋兵,李祥,黄勇,等.苯酚对厌氧氨氧化污泥脱氮效能长短期影响[J].环境科学,2015,36(10):3771-3777.