U型钢板力学性能受硬度和层数的影响分析
|
摘要
U型钢板可作为限位器和阻尼器使用,设计4种U型钢板,分别采用软钢和硬钢制作,进行单推和推拉两种情况下的静力试验,结果表明,厚度较大的硬钢U型钢板易发生断裂;硬钢U型钢板比软钢具有更大的屈服荷载和屈服位移,更适合做限位器;硬钢的滞回曲线呈典型梭形,屈服后荷载仍有较大增长,软钢的滞回曲线呈平行四边形,屈服后荷载增长不大。推导了叠层U型钢板的屈服荷载、屈服位移和弹性刚度的计算公式,设计4种单层和叠层U型钢板,用ABAQUS有限元软件进行建模分析,有限元计算结果与理论分析一致;U型钢板分成n层后,弹性刚度近似折减为原来的1/n~2,屈服荷载近似折减为原来的1/n,屈服位移近似增大为原来的n倍。
U-shaped steel plates(USPs) can be used for displacement restraining devices or dampers. Single push and push-pull static tests of four kinds of USP made by mild steel or hardened steel were completed. The tests show that thick USPs made by hardened steel fracture easily. Hardened steel USPs provide greater yield load and yield displacement and are more suitable for displacement restraining devices than mild steel ones. Hysteresis curves of hardened steel USPs showed typical spindle shape, and the load increased significantly after yielding. Hysteresis curves of mild steel USPs are parallelograms, and the load increased a little after yielding. Formulae of yield load, yield displacement and elastic stiffness for laminated U-shaped steel plates(LUSP) are derived. Four USPs and four LUSPs were designed and analyzed by Abaqus. The calculation of finite element fits the theory well. The ratios of LUSP to USP in terms of elastic stiffness, yield load and yield displacement are 1/n2, 1/n and n, respectively.
U-shaped steel plates(USPs) can be used for displacement restraining devices or dampers. Single push and push-pull static tests of four kinds of USP made by mild steel or hardened steel were completed. The tests show that thick USPs made by hardened steel fracture easily. Hardened steel USPs provide greater yield load and yield displacement and are more suitable for displacement restraining devices than mild steel ones. Hysteresis curves of hardened steel USPs showed typical spindle shape, and the load increased significantly after yielding. Hysteresis curves of mild steel USPs are parallelograms, and the load increased a little after yielding. Formulae of yield load, yield displacement and elastic stiffness for laminated U-shaped steel plates(LUSP) are derived. Four USPs and four LUSPs were designed and analyzed by Abaqus. The calculation of finite element fits the theory well. The ratios of LUSP to USP in terms of elastic stiffness, yield load and yield displacement are 1/n2, 1/n and n, respectively.
引文
[1]周锡元,阎维明,杨润林.建筑结构的隔震、减振和振动控制[J].建筑结构学报,2002,26(2):1―11.Zhou Xiyuan,Yan Weiming,Yang Runlin.Seismic base isolation,energy dissipation and vibration control of building structures[J].Journal of Building Structures,2002,(2):1―11.(in Chinese)
[2]Bruce F Maison,Carlos E Ventura.Seismic analysis of base-isolated san bernardino county building[J].Earthquake Spectra,1992,8(4):605―633.
[3]Nagarajaiah S,Sun X H.Base-isolated FCC building:Impact response in northridge earthquake[J].Journal of Structural and Engineering,2001,127(9):1063―1075.
[4]严国敏.阪神大地震中公路桥梁受害的工程特征[J].国外桥梁,1996(2):57―62.Yan Guomin.The engineering damage characteristics of highway bridge in Osaka-Kobe earthquake[J].World Bridge,1996(2):57―62.(in Chinese)
[5]Suzuki K,Watanabe A,Takayama M.experimental study of U-shaped steel damper:Part3:The effect of velocity and temperature[C]//Summaries of technical papers of Annual Meeting Architectural Institute of Japan.B-2,Structures II,Structural dynamics nuclear power plants.Architectural Institute of Japan,2000:659―660.
[6]Suzuki Kazuaki,Watanabe Atsushi,Aeki Eiichiro.Development of U-shaped steel damper for seismic isolation system[R].Nippon Steel Technical Report,2005:56―61.
[7]姚谦峰.软钢U型带片的限位、消能性能分析[J].西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版),1997,29(1):24―28.Yao Qianfeng.Behavior of mild U-shaped steel plate restraining displacement and absorbing energy[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Architecture&Technology,1997(1):24―28.(in Chinese)
[8]杜红凯,韩淼,闫维明.约束U形钢板力学性能的计算方法研究[J].土木工程学报,2014,47(增刊2):158―163.Du Hongkai,Han Miao,Yan Weiming.Study on the calculation method of mechanical characteristics for constrained U-shaped steel plates[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2014,47(Suppl 2):158―163.(in Chinese)
[9]韩淼,杜红凯,李仙华.基础隔震层软碰撞限位实验研究[J].工程力学,2008,25(增刊1):124―128.Han Miao,Du Hongkai,Li Xianhua.Testing study on soft-collision limiting displacement of base isolating layer[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25(Suppl 1):124―128.(in Chinese)
[10]韩淼,孙欢,段燕玲.近断层地震作用下基础隔震层组合限位振动台实验研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2014,34(1):107―112.Han Miao,Sun Huan,Duan Yanling.Shaking table test study on combined displacement restraint of base isolation layer under near-fault ground motion[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2014,34(1):107―112.(in Chinese)
[2]Bruce F Maison,Carlos E Ventura.Seismic analysis of base-isolated san bernardino county building[J].Earthquake Spectra,1992,8(4):605―633.
[3]Nagarajaiah S,Sun X H.Base-isolated FCC building:Impact response in northridge earthquake[J].Journal of Structural and Engineering,2001,127(9):1063―1075.
[4]严国敏.阪神大地震中公路桥梁受害的工程特征[J].国外桥梁,1996(2):57―62.Yan Guomin.The engineering damage characteristics of highway bridge in Osaka-Kobe earthquake[J].World Bridge,1996(2):57―62.(in Chinese)
[5]Suzuki K,Watanabe A,Takayama M.experimental study of U-shaped steel damper:Part3:The effect of velocity and temperature[C]//Summaries of technical papers of Annual Meeting Architectural Institute of Japan.B-2,Structures II,Structural dynamics nuclear power plants.Architectural Institute of Japan,2000:659―660.
[6]Suzuki Kazuaki,Watanabe Atsushi,Aeki Eiichiro.Development of U-shaped steel damper for seismic isolation system[R].Nippon Steel Technical Report,2005:56―61.
[7]姚谦峰.软钢U型带片的限位、消能性能分析[J].西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版),1997,29(1):24―28.Yao Qianfeng.Behavior of mild U-shaped steel plate restraining displacement and absorbing energy[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Architecture&Technology,1997(1):24―28.(in Chinese)
[8]杜红凯,韩淼,闫维明.约束U形钢板力学性能的计算方法研究[J].土木工程学报,2014,47(增刊2):158―163.Du Hongkai,Han Miao,Yan Weiming.Study on the calculation method of mechanical characteristics for constrained U-shaped steel plates[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2014,47(Suppl 2):158―163.(in Chinese)
[9]韩淼,杜红凯,李仙华.基础隔震层软碰撞限位实验研究[J].工程力学,2008,25(增刊1):124―128.Han Miao,Du Hongkai,Li Xianhua.Testing study on soft-collision limiting displacement of base isolating layer[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25(Suppl 1):124―128.(in Chinese)
[10]韩淼,孙欢,段燕玲.近断层地震作用下基础隔震层组合限位振动台实验研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2014,34(1):107―112.Han Miao,Sun Huan,Duan Yanling.Shaking table test study on combined displacement restraint of base isolation layer under near-fault ground motion[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2014,34(1):107―112.(in Chinese)