锰钢U形限位器承载力试验及弹塑性回归分析
|
摘要
针对隔震建筑和桥梁结构对限位器的需求,提出了一种锰钢U形限位器,依据限位器平直段臂长、半圆弧段半径、钢板厚度以及宽度的不同,设计了68种限位器,进行了静力加载试验。试验结果表明,对于钢板厚度与半圆弧直径比值大于0.05的限位器,进入屈服后可能发生断裂,设计限位器时应对该比值进行控制。参照限位器弹性阶段计算公式的形式,针对式中各参量的指数和系数进行多元非线性回归分析,给出了限位器的屈服荷载、弹性变形限值和弹性刚度的计算式;根据限位器屈服以后的刚度-变形曲线,通过指数回归,给出了限位器在塑性阶段的割线刚度计算式,并给出了其适用范围。根据弹性刚度和塑性割线刚度,给出了限位器的荷载-变形关系式,该公式计算曲线与试验曲线吻合较好。
A U-shaped manganese steel limiter( UMSL) that can be installed with isolation bearings is proposed. The UMSL devices act to restrain the bearing deformations of base isolation buildings and bridge structures. Totally 68 types of UMSL were designed according to the arm lengths of straight section,the radii of semicircle and the thicknesses and widths of the plates. The static load test was performed. The results show that the ratio of the plate thickness to the diameter of semicircle should be controlled to prevent the possible fractures of UMSL after yielding when the ratio is bigger than 0. 05. According to the formula forms of UMSL in elastic stage,equations are developed to predict the yield load,maximum elastic deformation and elastic stiffness of UMSL,by multivariate nonlinear regression analysis about the indexes of various parameters and the coefficient of the formulas. According to the loaddeformation curves of UMSL after yield,the equation of secant stiffness in plastic stage is developed with different range of application by exponential regression. According to the elastic and plastic secant stiffness, the loaddeformation formula is provided,and the calculated curves based on the formular relatively fit the experimental curves.
A U-shaped manganese steel limiter( UMSL) that can be installed with isolation bearings is proposed. The UMSL devices act to restrain the bearing deformations of base isolation buildings and bridge structures. Totally 68 types of UMSL were designed according to the arm lengths of straight section,the radii of semicircle and the thicknesses and widths of the plates. The static load test was performed. The results show that the ratio of the plate thickness to the diameter of semicircle should be controlled to prevent the possible fractures of UMSL after yielding when the ratio is bigger than 0. 05. According to the formula forms of UMSL in elastic stage,equations are developed to predict the yield load,maximum elastic deformation and elastic stiffness of UMSL,by multivariate nonlinear regression analysis about the indexes of various parameters and the coefficient of the formulas. According to the loaddeformation curves of UMSL after yield,the equation of secant stiffness in plastic stage is developed with different range of application by exponential regression. According to the elastic and plastic secant stiffness, the loaddeformation formula is provided,and the calculated curves based on the formular relatively fit the experimental curves.
引文
[1]Maison B F,Ventura C E.Seismic analysis of baseisolated San Bernardino County Building[J].Earthquake Spectra,1992,8(4):605-633.
[2]Nagarajaiah S,Sun X H.Base-isolated FCC building:impact response in Northridge earthquake[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,2001,127(9):422-423.
[3]严国敏.阪神大地震中公路桥梁受害的工程特征[J].世界桥梁,1996(2):57-62.(YAN Guomin.The engineering damage characteristics of highway bridge in Osaka-Kobe earthquake[J].World Bridges,1996(2):57-62.(in Chinese))
[4]Tsai H C.Dynamic analysis of base-isolated shear beams bumping against stops[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1997,26(5):515-528.
[5]Matsagar V A,Jangid R S.Seismic response of baseisolated structures during impact with adjacent structures[J].Engineering Structures,2003,25(12):1311-1323.
[6]Masroor A,Mosqueda G.Impact model for simulation of base isolated buildings impacting flexible moat walls[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamic,2013,42(3):357-376.
[7]王常峰,陈兴冲,朱春林,等.考虑支座及限位装置非线性的接触摩擦单元模型[J].工程力学,2013,30(8):186-192.(WANG Changfeng,CHEN Xingchong,ZHU Chunlin,et al.The contact-andfriction element considering nonlinear performance of movable supports and restrainers[J].Engineering Mechanics,2013,30(8):186-192.(in Chinese))
[8]樊剑,龙晓鸿,赵军.近场地震下隔震结构基底发生碰撞的鲁棒易损性曲线计算[J].工程力学,2014,31(1):166-171.(FAN Jian,LONG Xiaohong,ZHAO Jun.Calculation on robust fraglity curves of base-isolated structure under near-fault earthquake considering base pounding[J].Engineering Mechanics,2014,31(1):166-171.(in Chinese))
[9]Skinner R I,Robinson W H,Mc Verry G H.An introduction to seismic isolation[M].Chichester,UK:John Wiley&Sons Inc,1993:1-18.
[10]韩淼,杜红凯,李仙华.基础隔震层软碰撞限位实验研究[J].工程力学,2008,25(增刊1):124-128.(HAN Miao,DU Hongkai,LI Xianhua.Testing study on soft-collision limiting displacement of base isolating layer[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25(Suppl.1):124-128.(in Chinese))
[11]金锡平,张俊发,刘金慧.隔震橡胶防护挡块非线性有限元分析[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2005,27(3):51-54.(JIN Xiping,ZHANG Junfa,LIU Jinhui.Nonlinear FEM analysis of isolating rubber protected block[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2005,27(3):51-54.(in Chinese))
[12]韦俊,熊仲明,秦培晟,王军良.具有限位装置的滑移隔震框架结构在碰撞前后单向和双向地震反应分析[J].西安建筑科技大学学报,2012,44(6):811-817.(WEI Jun,XIONG Zhongming,QIN Peisheng,WANG Junliang.Unilateral and bilateral seismic response analysis of sliding base isolation frame with equipment of sliding-limit under collision responses[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Architecture&Technology,2012,44(6):811-817.(in Chinese))
[13]Dicleli M.Performance of seismic-isolated bridges with and without elastic-gap devices in near-fault zones[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamic,2008,37(6):935-954.
[14]孙欢,韩淼,段燕玲.近断层地震作用下隔震结构弹簧软碰撞限位分析[J].建筑结构,2012,42(增刊1):538-541.(SUN Huan,HAN Miao,DUAN Yanling.Analysis on spring soft-collision limiting displacement of isolating structure in neai-fault ground motions[J].Building Structure,2012,42(Suppl.1):538-541.(in Chinese))
[15]杜红凯,韩淼,闫维明.约束U形钢板力学性能的计算方法研究[J].土木工程学报,2014,47(增刊2):158-163.(DU Hongkai,HAN Miao,YAN Weiming.Study on the calculation method of mechanical characteristics for constrained U-shaped steel plates[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2014,47(Suppl.2):158-163.(in Chinese))
[2]Nagarajaiah S,Sun X H.Base-isolated FCC building:impact response in Northridge earthquake[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,ASCE,2001,127(9):422-423.
[3]严国敏.阪神大地震中公路桥梁受害的工程特征[J].世界桥梁,1996(2):57-62.(YAN Guomin.The engineering damage characteristics of highway bridge in Osaka-Kobe earthquake[J].World Bridges,1996(2):57-62.(in Chinese))
[4]Tsai H C.Dynamic analysis of base-isolated shear beams bumping against stops[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1997,26(5):515-528.
[5]Matsagar V A,Jangid R S.Seismic response of baseisolated structures during impact with adjacent structures[J].Engineering Structures,2003,25(12):1311-1323.
[6]Masroor A,Mosqueda G.Impact model for simulation of base isolated buildings impacting flexible moat walls[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamic,2013,42(3):357-376.
[7]王常峰,陈兴冲,朱春林,等.考虑支座及限位装置非线性的接触摩擦单元模型[J].工程力学,2013,30(8):186-192.(WANG Changfeng,CHEN Xingchong,ZHU Chunlin,et al.The contact-andfriction element considering nonlinear performance of movable supports and restrainers[J].Engineering Mechanics,2013,30(8):186-192.(in Chinese))
[8]樊剑,龙晓鸿,赵军.近场地震下隔震结构基底发生碰撞的鲁棒易损性曲线计算[J].工程力学,2014,31(1):166-171.(FAN Jian,LONG Xiaohong,ZHAO Jun.Calculation on robust fraglity curves of base-isolated structure under near-fault earthquake considering base pounding[J].Engineering Mechanics,2014,31(1):166-171.(in Chinese))
[9]Skinner R I,Robinson W H,Mc Verry G H.An introduction to seismic isolation[M].Chichester,UK:John Wiley&Sons Inc,1993:1-18.
[10]韩淼,杜红凯,李仙华.基础隔震层软碰撞限位实验研究[J].工程力学,2008,25(增刊1):124-128.(HAN Miao,DU Hongkai,LI Xianhua.Testing study on soft-collision limiting displacement of base isolating layer[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25(Suppl.1):124-128.(in Chinese))
[11]金锡平,张俊发,刘金慧.隔震橡胶防护挡块非线性有限元分析[J].工程抗震与加固改造,2005,27(3):51-54.(JIN Xiping,ZHANG Junfa,LIU Jinhui.Nonlinear FEM analysis of isolating rubber protected block[J].Earthquake Resistant Engineering and Retrofitting,2005,27(3):51-54.(in Chinese))
[12]韦俊,熊仲明,秦培晟,王军良.具有限位装置的滑移隔震框架结构在碰撞前后单向和双向地震反应分析[J].西安建筑科技大学学报,2012,44(6):811-817.(WEI Jun,XIONG Zhongming,QIN Peisheng,WANG Junliang.Unilateral and bilateral seismic response analysis of sliding base isolation frame with equipment of sliding-limit under collision responses[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Architecture&Technology,2012,44(6):811-817.(in Chinese))
[13]Dicleli M.Performance of seismic-isolated bridges with and without elastic-gap devices in near-fault zones[J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamic,2008,37(6):935-954.
[14]孙欢,韩淼,段燕玲.近断层地震作用下隔震结构弹簧软碰撞限位分析[J].建筑结构,2012,42(增刊1):538-541.(SUN Huan,HAN Miao,DUAN Yanling.Analysis on spring soft-collision limiting displacement of isolating structure in neai-fault ground motions[J].Building Structure,2012,42(Suppl.1):538-541.(in Chinese))
[15]杜红凯,韩淼,闫维明.约束U形钢板力学性能的计算方法研究[J].土木工程学报,2014,47(增刊2):158-163.(DU Hongkai,HAN Miao,YAN Weiming.Study on the calculation method of mechanical characteristics for constrained U-shaped steel plates[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2014,47(Suppl.2):158-163.(in Chinese))