石墨基柔性接地材料特性及其在防雷接地中的应用
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摘要
为满足复杂土壤环境对接地材料耐腐蚀性以及高频雷电流和短路故障入地电流对接地材料热稳定性的要求,研制了一种强通流能力的石墨基柔性接地材料。通过耐腐蚀试验分析了石墨基柔性接地材料与钢材类材料的耐腐蚀性能;试验对比了圆钢与石墨基柔性接地材料与不同土壤的接触性能;仿真研究了石墨基柔性接地材料的热稳定性以及冲击散流有效利用长度。研究结果表明:石墨基柔性接地材料耐腐蚀性强,预期使用寿命超过30 a;其与土壤接触性能优于圆钢,接触电阻降低约30%;冲击散流有效长度增加约30%。
In order to meet the requirements of corrosion resistance of grounding material and thermal stability of the grounding material under the condition of power frequency current and high frequency lightning current scattering into the ground in the case of short circuit fault and lightning strikes, we developed a kind of high current capability graphite flexible grounding material. The corrosion resistance of the graphite flexible grounding material and the steel type grounding material was compared by the simulated corrosion tests. The contact performance with different soil of graphite flexible grounding material and round steel was compared. The thermal stability and the impulse current effective length of this grounding material were studied by means of simulation calculation. The results show that the graphite flexible grounding material has a strong corrosion resistance, whose reliable service life can exceed 30 years. Compared with the round steel, the contact resistance with soil can be reduced by about 30%, and the impulse current effective length can be increased by about 30%.
In order to meet the requirements of corrosion resistance of grounding material and thermal stability of the grounding material under the condition of power frequency current and high frequency lightning current scattering into the ground in the case of short circuit fault and lightning strikes, we developed a kind of high current capability graphite flexible grounding material. The corrosion resistance of the graphite flexible grounding material and the steel type grounding material was compared by the simulated corrosion tests. The contact performance with different soil of graphite flexible grounding material and round steel was compared. The thermal stability and the impulse current effective length of this grounding material were studied by means of simulation calculation. The results show that the graphite flexible grounding material has a strong corrosion resistance, whose reliable service life can exceed 30 years. Compared with the round steel, the contact resistance with soil can be reduced by about 30%, and the impulse current effective length can be increased by about 30%.
引文
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[15]文习山,胡建平,唐炬.复杂电力网络短路电流分布及地网分流系数[J].高电压技术,2011,37(9):2233-2240.WEN Xishan,HU Jianping,TANG Ju.Fault current distribution and current division factor of grounding grid in complex power system network[J].High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(9):2233-2240.
[16]陈奎,曹晓斌,吴广宁,等.超高压输电线路融冰绝缘地线单相短路电流分析[J].电网技术,2014,38(11):3266-3270.CHEN Kui,CAO Xiaobin,WU Guangning,et al.Analysis on single-phase short-circuit current in insulated ground wire during ice-melting of EHV AC transmission lines[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(11):3266-3270.
[17]蒋陶宁,李军,孙成秋,等.交流特高压输电线路复杂地线系统单相短路电流的计算[J].电网技术,2011,35(10):16-21.JIANG Taoning,LI Jun,SUN Chengqiu,et al.Calculation of the single phase short-circuit current in complex ground system of UHV AC transmission lines[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(10):16-21.
[18]OETTLE E E.A new general estimation curve for predicting the impedance of concentrated earth electrodes[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1989,3(4):2020-2029.
[19]张昌,甘艳,邹建明,等.火花效应及火花刺对石墨接地体冲击接地电阻的影响[J].水电能源科学,2017,35(6):178-181.ZHANG Chang,GAN Yan,ZOU Jianming,et al.Influences of spark effect and spark thorn on impulse grounding resistance of graphite grounding body[J].Water Resources and Power,2017,35(6):178-181.
[2]张宇,杨坚,万军彪,等.考虑输电线路走廊地闪密度的防雷措施效果评估[J].电网技术,2012,36(7):172-175.ZHANG Yu,YANG Jian,WAN Junbiao,et al.A method to evaluate effects of lightning protection measures considering ground flash density in transmission corridor[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(7):172-175.
[3]陈家宏,赵淳,王剑,等.基于直接获取雷击参数的输电线路雷击风险优化评估方法[J].高电压技术,2015,41(1):14-20.CHEN Jiahong,ZHAO Chun,WANG Jian,et al.Optimal lightning risk assessment method of transmission line based on direct acquisition of lightning stroke parameter[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(1):14-20.
[4]何俊佳,蔡汉生,贺恒鑫,等.南方电网超/特高压输电线路防雷性能评估技术研究进展[J].南方电网技术,2016,10(9):1-9.HE Junjia,CAI Hansheng,HE Hengxin,et al.Review on lightning performance estimation of EHV and UHV overhead transmission lines in China Southern Power Grid[J].Southern Power System Technology,2016,10(9):1-9.
[5]谷山强,陈家宏,陈维江,等.输电线路防雷性能时空差异化评估方法[J].高电压技术,2009,35(2):294-298.GU Shanqiang,CHEN Jiahong,CHEN Weijiang,et al.Evaluation method of the time-space-difference of lightning protection performance of transmission lines[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(2):294-298.
[6]陈家宏,赵淳,谷山强,等.我国电网雷电监测与防护技术现状及发展趋势[J].高电压技术,2016,42(11):3361-3375.CHEN Jiahong,ZHAO Chun,GU Shanqiang,et al.Present status and development trend of lightning detection and protection technology of power grid in China[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(11):3361-3375.
[7]胡元潮,阮江军,龚若涵,等.柔性石墨复合接地材料及其在输电线路杆塔接地网中的应用[J].电网技术,2014,38(10):2851-2857.HU Yuanchao,RUAN Jiangjun,GONG Ruohan,et al.Flexible graphite composite electrical grounding material and its application in tower grounding grid of power transmission system[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(10):2851-2857.
[8]许崇武,胡学文.接地网防蚀金属材料性能试验研究[J].电网技术,2003,27(8):77-79.XU Chongwu,HU Xuewen.Investigation of anti-corrosive metallic material for earthing grid[J].Power System Technology,2003,27(8):77-79.
[9]闫爱军,陈沂,冯拉俊.几种接地网材料在土壤中的腐蚀特性研究[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2010,22(3):197-199.YAN Aijun,CHEN Yi,FENG Lajun.Soil corrosion performance of several grounding net materials[J].Corrosion Science and Protection Technology,2010,22(3):197-199.
[10]魏巍,吴欣强,柯伟,等.接地网材料腐蚀与防护研究进展[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2015,27(3):273-277.WEI Wei,WU Xinqiang,KE Wei,et al.Research progress on corrosion and protection of grounding grid materials[J].Corrosion Science and Protection Technology,2015,27(3):273-277.
[11]李景禄,杨廷方,周羽生,等.接地降阻应用及存在问题分析[J].高电压技术,2004,30(3):65-68.LI Jinglu,YANG Tingfang,ZHOU Yusheng,et al.Analysis of the application and problems of resistance reducing material[J].High Voltage Engineering,2004,30(3):65-68.
[12]胡元潮,阮江军,肖微,等.柔性石墨复合接地材料及其相关性能试验研究[J].高电压技术,2016,42(6):1879-1889.HU Yuanchao,RUAN Jiangjun,XIAO Wei,et al.Study on flexible graphite composite material for electrical grounding and its correlation experimentations[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(6):1879-1889.
[13]肖微,胡元潮,阮江军,等.柔性石墨复合接地材料及其接地特性[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(2):85-94.XIAO Wei,HU Yuanchao,RUAN Jiangjun,et al.Flexible graphite composite electrical grounding material and its grounding application features[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(2):85-94.
[14]张思寒,肖微,胡元潮,等.柔性石墨接地体及其接头耐腐蚀特性[J].电网技术,2017,41(4):1357-1363.ZHANG Sihan,XIAO Wei,HU Yuanchao,et al.Corrosion-resistance properties of flexible graphite grounding electrode and its connector[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(4):1357-1363.
[15]文习山,胡建平,唐炬.复杂电力网络短路电流分布及地网分流系数[J].高电压技术,2011,37(9):2233-2240.WEN Xishan,HU Jianping,TANG Ju.Fault current distribution and current division factor of grounding grid in complex power system network[J].High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(9):2233-2240.
[16]陈奎,曹晓斌,吴广宁,等.超高压输电线路融冰绝缘地线单相短路电流分析[J].电网技术,2014,38(11):3266-3270.CHEN Kui,CAO Xiaobin,WU Guangning,et al.Analysis on single-phase short-circuit current in insulated ground wire during ice-melting of EHV AC transmission lines[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(11):3266-3270.
[17]蒋陶宁,李军,孙成秋,等.交流特高压输电线路复杂地线系统单相短路电流的计算[J].电网技术,2011,35(10):16-21.JIANG Taoning,LI Jun,SUN Chengqiu,et al.Calculation of the single phase short-circuit current in complex ground system of UHV AC transmission lines[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(10):16-21.
[18]OETTLE E E.A new general estimation curve for predicting the impedance of concentrated earth electrodes[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,1989,3(4):2020-2029.
[19]张昌,甘艳,邹建明,等.火花效应及火花刺对石墨接地体冲击接地电阻的影响[J].水电能源科学,2017,35(6):178-181.ZHANG Chang,GAN Yan,ZOU Jianming,et al.Influences of spark effect and spark thorn on impulse grounding resistance of graphite grounding body[J].Water Resources and Power,2017,35(6):178-181.