基于同相轴优化追踪的多次波匹配衰减方法
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摘要
提出基于同相轴优化追踪的多次波匹配衰减方法,首先利用SRME预测得到的多次波记录生成多次波速度谱,然后应用同相轴追踪技术提取多次波同相轴旅行时信息,再通过同相轴优化追踪实现对多次波预测误差的校正,最后应用短时窗的FK滤波对多次波予以压制。该方法仅根据多次波同相轴旅行时信息进行匹配衰减,降低对多次波预测精度的要求,并且能够显著提高多次波压制的精度。理论模型实验与野外资料处理实验结果均表明,该方法的多次波剔除效果明显优于常规的多道维纳滤波方法与抛物线拉冬域蒙版滤波法。
The paper introduces a multiple matching attenuation method based on optimized event tracing. Firstly,the method uses multiple data predicted by SRME to generate multiple velocity spectrum,then gets travel time information of multiple event by event tracing technique. An optimized tracing is used to correct the errors of predicted multiples and then a shorttime FK fan filtering is applied to attenuate the multiples. The matching attenuation is based only on travel time information of multiple,thus it can lower the requirement in the multiple prediction precision to a certain extent. Meanwhile,optimized event tracing can significantly improve the accuracy of multiple elimination. Model simulations and field tests show that the method has better multiple eliminating effect than conventional multi-channel Wiener filter methods and the mask filtering methods in parabola Radon domain.
The paper introduces a multiple matching attenuation method based on optimized event tracing. Firstly,the method uses multiple data predicted by SRME to generate multiple velocity spectrum,then gets travel time information of multiple event by event tracing technique. An optimized tracing is used to correct the errors of predicted multiples and then a shorttime FK fan filtering is applied to attenuate the multiples. The matching attenuation is based only on travel time information of multiple,thus it can lower the requirement in the multiple prediction precision to a certain extent. Meanwhile,optimized event tracing can significantly improve the accuracy of multiple elimination. Model simulations and field tests show that the method has better multiple eliminating effect than conventional multi-channel Wiener filter methods and the mask filtering methods in parabola Radon domain.
引文
[1]VERSCHUUR D J,BERKHOUT A J,WAPENAAR C P A.Surface-related multiple elimination in the presence of near-surface anomalies[J].Seg Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,1999,9(1):1622.
[2]BERKHOUT A J,VERSCHUUR D J.Estimation of multiple scattering by iterative inversion,part I:theoretical considerations[J].Geophysics,2012,62(1):1586-1595.
[3]VERSCHUUR D J,BERKHOUT A J.Estimation of multiple scattering by iterative inversion,part II:practical aspects and examples[J].Geophysics,2012,62(5):1596-1611.
[4]WANG Y.Multiple subtraction using an expanded multichannel matching filter[J].Geophysics,2003,68(1):346-354.
[5]TREITEL S.Principles of digital multichannel filtering[J].Geophysics,1970,35(5):785-811.
[6]李鹏,刘伊克,常旭,等.均衡拟多道匹配滤波法在波动方程法压制多次波中的应用[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(6):1844-1853.LI Peng,LIU Yike,CHANG Xu,et al.Application of the equipoise pseudomultichannel matching filter in multiple elimination using wave-equation method[J].Chinese J Geophys(in Chinese),2007,50(6):1844-1853.
[7]李学聪,刘伊克,常旭,等.均衡多道1范数匹配多次波衰减的方法与应用研究[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(4):963-973.LI Xuecong,LIU Yike,CHANG Xu,et al.The adaptive subtraction of multiple using the equipoise multichannel L1-norm matching[J].Chinese J Geophys(in Chinese),2010,53(4):963-973.
[8]李振春,刘建辉,郭朝斌,等.基于扩展伪多道匹配的保幅型多次波压制方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011(2):207-210.LI Zhenchun,LIU Jianhui,GUO Chaobin,et al.Amplitude-preserved multiple suppression based on expanded pseudo-multi-channel matching[J].OGP,2011(2):207-210.
[9]ZHOU B,STEWART G.Multiple suppression by 2D filtering in the parabolicτ-p domain:a wave-equation-based method[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1996,44(3):375-401.
[10]石颖,王维红.基于波动方程预测和双曲Radon变换联合压制表面多次波[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(9):3115-3125.SHI Ying,WANG Weihong.Surface-related multiple suppression approach by combining wave equation prediction and hyperbolic Radon transform[J].Chinese J Geophys(in Chinese),2012,55(9):3115-3125.
[11]薛亚茹,杨静,钱步仁.基于高价稀疏Radon变换的预测多次波自适应相减方法[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,39(1):43-49.XUE Yaru,YANG Jing,QIAN Buren.Multiples prediction and adaptive subtraction with high-order sparse Radon transform[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2015,39(1):43-49.
[12]HERRMANN F J,WANG D,VERSCHUUR D J.Adaptive curvelet-domain primary-multiple separation[J].Society of Exploration Geophysicists,2008,73(3):A17.
[13]董烈乾,李培明,张奎,等.基于复曲波变换的一次波和多次波分离方法[J].地球物理学报,2015,58(10):3783-3790.DONG Lieqian,LI Peiming,ZHANG Kui,et al.Primary and multiple separation method based on complex curvelet transform[J].Chinese J Geophys(in Chinese),2015,58(10):3783-3790.
[14]SPITZ S.Pattern recognition,spatial predictability,and subtraction of multiple events[J].Leading Edge,1999,18(1):55-58.
[15]LU W K,LIU L,LI Y D.Adaptive multiple subtraction based on constrained independent component analysis[J].Seg Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2008,74(26):1-7.
[16]GUITTON A.Multiple attenuation in complex geology with a pattern-based approach[J].Geophysics,2005,70(4):V97-V107.
[17]FOMEL S.Adaptive multiple subtraction using regularized nonstationary regression[J].Geophysics,2009,74(1):3639.
[18]金德刚,常旭,刘伊克.逆子波域消除多次波方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(1):250-259.JIN Degang,CHANG Xu,LIU Yike.Research of multiple elimination method in inverse wavelet domain[J].Chinese J Geophys(in Chinese),2008,51(1):250-259.
[19]李钟晓,陆文凯,庞廷华,等.基于多道卷积信号盲分离的多次波自适应相减方法[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(4):1325-1334.LI Zhongxiao,LU Wenkai,PANG Tinghua,et al.Adaptive multiple subtraction based on multi-traces convolutional signal blind separation[J].Chinese J Geophys(in Chinese),2012,55(4):1325-1334.
[20]DRAGOSET W H,JERICEVIC Z.Some remarks on surface multiple attenuation[J].Geophysics,1998,63(2):772-789
[21]谭军.自由界面多次波的预测与衰减[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2011.TAN Jun.The prediction and attenuation of Surface-related multiple[D].Qingdao:Ocean University of China,2011.
[22]谭军,王修田.基于同相轴追踪的多次波衰减[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2012,42(6):99-106.TAN Jun,WANG Xiutian.Multiple attenuation based on event tracing[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China(Edition of Natural Science),2012,42(6):99-106.
[23]THORSON J R.Velocity-stack and slant-stack stochastic inversion[J].Geophysics,1985,50(12):2727.
[24]谢玉洪,陈殿远,刘爱群,等.高精度叠前时间域速度分析方法研究及应用[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2014,38(2):38-43.XIE Yuhong,CHEN Dianyuan,LIU Aiqun,et al.High-precision velocity analysis method in prestack time domain and its application[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2014,38(2):38-43.
[25]WANG Y H.Multiple attenuation:coping with the spatial truncation effect in the Radon transform domain[J].Geophysical Prospecting,2003,51:75-87
[26]STOFFA P L,BUHL P,DIEBOLD J B,et al.Direct mapping of seismic data to the domain of intercept time and ray parameter—a plane-wave decomposition[J].Geophysics,1981,46(3):255.
[2]BERKHOUT A J,VERSCHUUR D J.Estimation of multiple scattering by iterative inversion,part I:theoretical considerations[J].Geophysics,2012,62(1):1586-1595.
[3]VERSCHUUR D J,BERKHOUT A J.Estimation of multiple scattering by iterative inversion,part II:practical aspects and examples[J].Geophysics,2012,62(5):1596-1611.
[4]WANG Y.Multiple subtraction using an expanded multichannel matching filter[J].Geophysics,2003,68(1):346-354.
[5]TREITEL S.Principles of digital multichannel filtering[J].Geophysics,1970,35(5):785-811.
[6]李鹏,刘伊克,常旭,等.均衡拟多道匹配滤波法在波动方程法压制多次波中的应用[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(6):1844-1853.LI Peng,LIU Yike,CHANG Xu,et al.Application of the equipoise pseudomultichannel matching filter in multiple elimination using wave-equation method[J].Chinese J Geophys(in Chinese),2007,50(6):1844-1853.
[7]李学聪,刘伊克,常旭,等.均衡多道1范数匹配多次波衰减的方法与应用研究[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(4):963-973.LI Xuecong,LIU Yike,CHANG Xu,et al.The adaptive subtraction of multiple using the equipoise multichannel L1-norm matching[J].Chinese J Geophys(in Chinese),2010,53(4):963-973.
[8]李振春,刘建辉,郭朝斌,等.基于扩展伪多道匹配的保幅型多次波压制方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011(2):207-210.LI Zhenchun,LIU Jianhui,GUO Chaobin,et al.Amplitude-preserved multiple suppression based on expanded pseudo-multi-channel matching[J].OGP,2011(2):207-210.
[9]ZHOU B,STEWART G.Multiple suppression by 2D filtering in the parabolicτ-p domain:a wave-equation-based method[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1996,44(3):375-401.
[10]石颖,王维红.基于波动方程预测和双曲Radon变换联合压制表面多次波[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(9):3115-3125.SHI Ying,WANG Weihong.Surface-related multiple suppression approach by combining wave equation prediction and hyperbolic Radon transform[J].Chinese J Geophys(in Chinese),2012,55(9):3115-3125.
[11]薛亚茹,杨静,钱步仁.基于高价稀疏Radon变换的预测多次波自适应相减方法[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,39(1):43-49.XUE Yaru,YANG Jing,QIAN Buren.Multiples prediction and adaptive subtraction with high-order sparse Radon transform[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2015,39(1):43-49.
[12]HERRMANN F J,WANG D,VERSCHUUR D J.Adaptive curvelet-domain primary-multiple separation[J].Society of Exploration Geophysicists,2008,73(3):A17.
[13]董烈乾,李培明,张奎,等.基于复曲波变换的一次波和多次波分离方法[J].地球物理学报,2015,58(10):3783-3790.DONG Lieqian,LI Peiming,ZHANG Kui,et al.Primary and multiple separation method based on complex curvelet transform[J].Chinese J Geophys(in Chinese),2015,58(10):3783-3790.
[14]SPITZ S.Pattern recognition,spatial predictability,and subtraction of multiple events[J].Leading Edge,1999,18(1):55-58.
[15]LU W K,LIU L,LI Y D.Adaptive multiple subtraction based on constrained independent component analysis[J].Seg Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2008,74(26):1-7.
[16]GUITTON A.Multiple attenuation in complex geology with a pattern-based approach[J].Geophysics,2005,70(4):V97-V107.
[17]FOMEL S.Adaptive multiple subtraction using regularized nonstationary regression[J].Geophysics,2009,74(1):3639.
[18]金德刚,常旭,刘伊克.逆子波域消除多次波方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(1):250-259.JIN Degang,CHANG Xu,LIU Yike.Research of multiple elimination method in inverse wavelet domain[J].Chinese J Geophys(in Chinese),2008,51(1):250-259.
[19]李钟晓,陆文凯,庞廷华,等.基于多道卷积信号盲分离的多次波自适应相减方法[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(4):1325-1334.LI Zhongxiao,LU Wenkai,PANG Tinghua,et al.Adaptive multiple subtraction based on multi-traces convolutional signal blind separation[J].Chinese J Geophys(in Chinese),2012,55(4):1325-1334.
[20]DRAGOSET W H,JERICEVIC Z.Some remarks on surface multiple attenuation[J].Geophysics,1998,63(2):772-789
[21]谭军.自由界面多次波的预测与衰减[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2011.TAN Jun.The prediction and attenuation of Surface-related multiple[D].Qingdao:Ocean University of China,2011.
[22]谭军,王修田.基于同相轴追踪的多次波衰减[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2012,42(6):99-106.TAN Jun,WANG Xiutian.Multiple attenuation based on event tracing[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China(Edition of Natural Science),2012,42(6):99-106.
[23]THORSON J R.Velocity-stack and slant-stack stochastic inversion[J].Geophysics,1985,50(12):2727.
[24]谢玉洪,陈殿远,刘爱群,等.高精度叠前时间域速度分析方法研究及应用[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2014,38(2):38-43.XIE Yuhong,CHEN Dianyuan,LIU Aiqun,et al.High-precision velocity analysis method in prestack time domain and its application[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2014,38(2):38-43.
[25]WANG Y H.Multiple attenuation:coping with the spatial truncation effect in the Radon transform domain[J].Geophysical Prospecting,2003,51:75-87
[26]STOFFA P L,BUHL P,DIEBOLD J B,et al.Direct mapping of seismic data to the domain of intercept time and ray parameter—a plane-wave decomposition[J].Geophysics,1981,46(3):255.