干气密封两种典型螺旋角与DLC薄膜的摩擦性能
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摘要
低转速和高压力的操作工况对干气密封端面磨损情况十分严重,因此提出静环制备类金刚石(DLC)薄膜,结合槽型结构,分析其动静环端面的摩擦特性。利用摩擦磨损实验机对不同螺旋角下的干气密封进行实验,测试端面温升、摩擦系数及表面磨损形貌的变化规律。实验结果表明,随着载荷和转速的增加,16°螺旋角的摩擦温升、摩擦系数、磨痕均小于18°。在同一工况下18°螺旋角平均摩擦系数比16°大0.02,平均摩擦温升高5℃。一方面由于螺旋角的不同引起界面法向力大小不同,使18°螺旋角的端面磨损程度大于16°。另一方面随着载荷和转速的增大,DLC薄膜石墨化程度加剧,提高润滑性;说明DLC薄膜和螺旋槽对端面摩擦磨损起到了关键作用。另外,端面内圈的磨损程度大于外圈,可以推断螺旋槽能减缓端面的磨损。实验结果为今后螺旋槽干气密封优化设计和工程实际应用奠定了一定基础。
In the case of low speed and high pressure,the wear of dry gas seal is more serious,therefore,the preparation of DLC film by static ring is proposed,and the friction characteristics of the end face of the static and dynamic ring are analyzed with the groove structure.The dry gas seal with different spiral angle was tested by friction and wear machine,and the change law of temperature rise,friction coefficient and surface wear morphology were tested.The test results show that with the increase of load and speed,the friction temperature rises,friction coefficient and grinding mark of 16°spiral angle are less than18°.Under the same working condition,the value of average friction coefficient of 18°spiral angle is 0.02 larger than that of 16°spiral angle,and the average friction temperature is increased by 5 ℃.On the one hand,because of the different spiral angle,the interface method is different and the wear degree of the end face of 18°spiral angle is greater than 16°spiral angle.On the other hand,with the increase of load and speed,the graphitization degree of DLC films is increased,which shows DLC films and spiral groove play a key role in the friction and wear of end faces.At the same time,it is found that the wear degree of the two kinds of spiral angle inner ring is greater than the outer ring,so the spiral groove can reduce the wear degree of the end face.The test results laid a foundation for the optimization design and practical application of spiral groove dry gas seal.
In the case of low speed and high pressure,the wear of dry gas seal is more serious,therefore,the preparation of DLC film by static ring is proposed,and the friction characteristics of the end face of the static and dynamic ring are analyzed with the groove structure.The dry gas seal with different spiral angle was tested by friction and wear machine,and the change law of temperature rise,friction coefficient and surface wear morphology were tested.The test results show that with the increase of load and speed,the friction temperature rises,friction coefficient and grinding mark of 16°spiral angle are less than18°.Under the same working condition,the value of average friction coefficient of 18°spiral angle is 0.02 larger than that of 16°spiral angle,and the average friction temperature is increased by 5 ℃.On the one hand,because of the different spiral angle,the interface method is different and the wear degree of the end face of 18°spiral angle is greater than 16°spiral angle.On the other hand,with the increase of load and speed,the graphitization degree of DLC films is increased,which shows DLC films and spiral groove play a key role in the friction and wear of end faces.At the same time,it is found that the wear degree of the two kinds of spiral angle inner ring is greater than the outer ring,so the spiral groove can reduce the wear degree of the end face.The test results laid a foundation for the optimization design and practical application of spiral groove dry gas seal.
引文
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[19]李小彭,王伟,赵米鹊,等.考虑摩擦因素影响的结合面切向接触阻尼分形预估模型及其仿真[J].机械工程学报,2012,48(23):46-50.Li X P,Wang W,Zhao M Q,et al.Fractal prediction model for tangential contact damping of joint surface considering friction factors and its simulation[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2012,48(23):46-50.
[20]苏俊宏,葛锦蔓,徐均琪,等.类金刚石薄膜及其进展[J].应用光学,2015,36(5):799-806.Su J H,Ge J M,Xu J Q,et al.Diamond-like carbon films and their progress[J].Journal of Applied Optics,2015,36(5):799-806.
[21]王鹏,陈友明,张广安,等.Ti掺杂DLC薄膜的制备及其结构研究[C].北京:中国机械工程学会,2006.
[22]Pecht G G,Netzel J E.Design and application of non-contacting gas lubricated seals for slow speed services[J].Lubrication Engineering,1999,55(7):20-25.
[23]蒋小文.螺旋槽干气密封数值模拟及其槽形参数优化[D].南京:南京工业大学,2004:57-58.
[2]Fonslet J,Itsenko O,Koziorowski J.Indirect measurement of specific activity of[11C]CO2 and the effects of target volume fractionation[J].14th International Workshop on Targetry and Target Chemistry AIP Conf.Proc.,2012,1509:190-193.
[3]Chen Z,Gao Y,Wu B,et al.Finite element analysis of sealing characteristics of the rubber O-ring for a mechanical seal[J].Journal of Sichuan University,2011,43(5):234-239.
[4]Zhi G,Lin Y,Huang W,et al.Acoustic emission characteristics of dry gas seals during startup[J].Journal of Tsinghua University,2013,53(3):319-322.
[5]陈源,彭旭东,李纪云,等.螺旋槽结构参数对干气密封动态特性的影响研究[J].摩擦学学报,2016,36(4):397-405.Chen Y,Peng X D,Li J Y,et al.The influence of structure parameters of spiral groove on dynamic characteristics of dry gas seal[J].Tribology,2016,36(4):397-405.
[6]常小军,胡伟,丁雪兴,等.干气密封槽型参数的优化及其数值模拟[J].化工机械,2011,38(4):453-456.Chang X J,Hu W,Ding X X,et al.Parameters optimization and simulation of grooves with gas sealing[J].Chemical Engineering&Machinery,2011,38(4):453-456.
[7]李双喜,宋文博,张秋翔,等.干式气体端面密封的开启特性[J].化工学报,2011,62(3):766-772.Li S X,Song W B,Zhang Q X,et al.Opening characteristics of dry gas seal[J].CIESC Journal,2011,62(3):766-772.
[8]丁雪兴,蒲军军,韩明君,等.基于二阶滑移边界的螺旋槽干气密封协调优化[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2012,36(3):140-145.Ding X X,Pu J J,Han M J,et al.Coordination and optimization in spiral groove gas seal based on the second order slip boundary[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2012,36(3):140-145.
[9]王泽平,毕晓明.循环氢压缩机高压干气密封“硬对硬”摩擦副国产化技术分析[J].化工设备与管道,2015(3):57-61.Wang Z P,Bi X M.Analysis of self-production technology used for“hard-to-hard”friction pair in high pressure dry gas seal in recycle hydrogen compressor[J].Process Equipment&Piping,2015(3):57-61.
[10]Mler H K,Nau B S.Fluid sealing technology principles and applications[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,2002:210-214.
[11]白越,黄敦新,曹萍,等.类金刚石薄膜在干摩擦、油和脂润滑条件下的摩擦学性能分析[J].真空科学与技术学报,2011,31(5):555-559.Bai Y,Huang D X,Cao P,et al.Tribological characteristics of diamond-like carbon films in lubricants of oil and greases[J].Chinese Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology,2011,31(5):555-559.
[12]谢红梅.类金刚石薄膜的摩擦学特性研究进展[J].表面技术,2011,40(3):90-93.Xie H M.Recent development of research on tribological properties of DLC films[J].Surface Technology,2011,40(3):90-93.
[13]邹庆化,杨兵,吴瑜,等.DLC镀膜钢领磨损原因与镀膜工艺改进[J].纺织器材,2010,37(3):1-6.Zou Q H,Yang B,Wu Y,et al.The wear and tear of the filmed ring DLC and the modification of the filming process[J].Textile Accessories,2010,37(3):1-6.
[14]胡芳,代明江,林松盛,等.含氢掺硅类金刚石薄膜的制备及性能表征[J].中国表面工程,2012,25(6):47-52.Hu F,Dai M J,Lin S S,et al.Preparation and characterization of hydrogen containing Si-doped DLC film[J].China Surface Engineering,2012,25(6):47-52.
[15]谭笛,代明江,林松盛,等.CoCrMo合金表面掺金属类金刚石薄膜的摩擦学性能[J].中国表面工程,2014,27(1):75-80.Tan D,Dai M J,Lin S S,et al.Tribology performance of metal doped diamond-like carbon films deposited on CoCrMo alloy[J].Chinese Surface Engineering,2014,27(1):75-80.
[16]雍青松,王海斗,徐滨士,等.类金刚石薄膜摩擦机理及其摩擦学性能影响因素的研究现状[J].机械工程学报,2016,52(11):95-107.Yong Q S,Wang H D,Xu B S,et al.Research status of the tribological property of diamond-like carbon films[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016,52(11):95-107.
[17]李红轩,徐洮,陈建敏,等.直流射频等离子体增强化学气相沉积类金刚石碳薄膜的结构及摩擦学性能研究[J].摩擦学学报,2004,24(1):1-5.Li H X,Xu T,Chen J M,et al.Structure and tribological properties of DLC films deposited by DC-RF-PECVD[J].Tribology,2004,24(1):1-5.
[18]卓会丹,宋宝玉,古乐.氧化硅陶瓷表面DLC膜的高温摩擦学性能[J].中国表面工程,2011,24(4):47-50.Zhuo H D,Song B Y,Gu L.Friction characteristics of DLC films on the silicon nitride ceramic surfaces at high temperature conditions[J].China Surface Engineering,2011,24(4):47-50.
[19]李小彭,王伟,赵米鹊,等.考虑摩擦因素影响的结合面切向接触阻尼分形预估模型及其仿真[J].机械工程学报,2012,48(23):46-50.Li X P,Wang W,Zhao M Q,et al.Fractal prediction model for tangential contact damping of joint surface considering friction factors and its simulation[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2012,48(23):46-50.
[20]苏俊宏,葛锦蔓,徐均琪,等.类金刚石薄膜及其进展[J].应用光学,2015,36(5):799-806.Su J H,Ge J M,Xu J Q,et al.Diamond-like carbon films and their progress[J].Journal of Applied Optics,2015,36(5):799-806.
[21]王鹏,陈友明,张广安,等.Ti掺杂DLC薄膜的制备及其结构研究[C].北京:中国机械工程学会,2006.
[22]Pecht G G,Netzel J E.Design and application of non-contacting gas lubricated seals for slow speed services[J].Lubrication Engineering,1999,55(7):20-25.
[23]蒋小文.螺旋槽干气密封数值模拟及其槽形参数优化[D].南京:南京工业大学,2004:57-58.