公交充电站和公用充电桩的运行成本核算及经济效益分析
|
摘要
基于上海市公交充电站及公用充电桩的建设和运营基本情况,收集4个公交充电站直流充电机(60kW一体式一机两充)和63个公用充电桩(直流10kW充电桩和交流3.5kW充电桩)的设施投资及成本数据,在考虑收益(服务费收入、补贴收入)和税金的基础上,提出经营期内(一般为10年)公交充电站和公用充电桩年均运行总成本及内部收益率的核算方法;以实例分析了典型项目的经济效益。通过测算,得出已建公用充电设施即使在享受现有补贴的前提下,财务效益尚不理想。建议通过政策导向,加大对充电设施建设项目的补贴力度。本文的测算方法可为充换电设施建设单位测算项目的成本及经济效益提供参考。
This paper, based on the basic situation of construction and operation of bus charging stations and public charging piles in Shanghai,collected 4 bus stations DC charging machine(60 kW one-piece two charge) and 63 public charging piles(10 kW DC charging piles and 3.5 kW AC charging piles) of infrastructure investment and cost data, On the basis of service fee income, subsidy income and tax, this paper puts forward the accounting method of annual average operation total cost and internal rate of return of bus charging stations and public charging piles during the operation period(usually 10 years); The economic benefits of typical projects are analyzed with examples. Through calculation, it is concluded that the financial benefits of established public charging facilities are not ideal even if they enjoy the existing subsidies. It is suggested to increase the subsidy for charging facilities construction projects through policy guidance, and the calculation method in this paper can also provide a reference method for charging and replacement facilities construction units to calculate the cost and economic benefits of projects.
This paper, based on the basic situation of construction and operation of bus charging stations and public charging piles in Shanghai,collected 4 bus stations DC charging machine(60 kW one-piece two charge) and 63 public charging piles(10 kW DC charging piles and 3.5 kW AC charging piles) of infrastructure investment and cost data, On the basis of service fee income, subsidy income and tax, this paper puts forward the accounting method of annual average operation total cost and internal rate of return of bus charging stations and public charging piles during the operation period(usually 10 years); The economic benefits of typical projects are analyzed with examples. Through calculation, it is concluded that the financial benefits of established public charging facilities are not ideal even if they enjoy the existing subsidies. It is suggested to increase the subsidy for charging facilities construction projects through policy guidance, and the calculation method in this paper can also provide a reference method for charging and replacement facilities construction units to calculate the cost and economic benefits of projects.
引文
[1]上海市新能源汽车公共数据采集与监测研究中心.国内外新能源汽车推广应用比较研究报告[M],2015年8月;
[2]上海市发展和改革委员会等7部门.上海市鼓励电动汽车充换电设施发展扶持办法(沪府办发[2016]16号),2016年4月;
[3]上海市发展和改革委员会等7部门.上海市鼓励购买和使用新能源汽车实施办法(沪府办发[2018]7号),2018年2月;
[4]财政部、税务总局.关于全国实施增值税转型改革若干问题的通知(财税[2008]170号);
[5]财政部、科技部等4部门.关于继续开展新能源汽车推广应用工作的通知(财建[2013]551号);
[6]市交通委、市发展改革委、市财政局、市建设管理委4部门.《关于推广应用节能和新能源等环保型公交车的实施意见》(沪交科2014[30]号文)。
[2]上海市发展和改革委员会等7部门.上海市鼓励电动汽车充换电设施发展扶持办法(沪府办发[2016]16号),2016年4月;
[3]上海市发展和改革委员会等7部门.上海市鼓励购买和使用新能源汽车实施办法(沪府办发[2018]7号),2018年2月;
[4]财政部、税务总局.关于全国实施增值税转型改革若干问题的通知(财税[2008]170号);
[5]财政部、科技部等4部门.关于继续开展新能源汽车推广应用工作的通知(财建[2013]551号);
[6]市交通委、市发展改革委、市财政局、市建设管理委4部门.《关于推广应用节能和新能源等环保型公交车的实施意见》(沪交科2014[30]号文)。