炼厂气作为裂解原料的技术经济分析
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摘要
综述了单组分轻质烷烃的裂解性能、炼厂干气和液化气净化、分离技术及在国内石油化工企业的利用情况。针对炼厂实际干气和液化气组成,分析了干气、各类液化气经处理、加工后作为裂解原料的优劣。分析认为,干气经过净化、分离后得到的C2烷烯烃是理想的乙烯低成本生产原料;加氢裂化、重整液化气含有大量丙烷,剩余C4中含有一定数量的正丁烷,但这些物料中不同程度地含有异丁烷,导致乙烯、丁二烯烃收率下降,因此在实际生产中应根据企业裂解原料的自给情况,结合液化气、石脑油以及烯烃的价格变化及时进行测算再确定利用方案;从组成看,焦化液化气含有大量的丙烷、丙烯,而异丁烷少,是潜在的优质烯烃原料,应加强利用。
This article summarizes the cracking performance of single component light hydrocarbons, the purification and separation technologies for refinery dry gas and liquefied petroleum gas( LPG),as well as their utilization in Chinese refineries.According to the actual composition of dry gas and LPG in refineries,the advantages and disadvantage of using dry gas and LPG as cracking raw material after they are purified and separated are analyzed. The results indicate that C2 hydrocarbons obtained from the purification and separation of dry gas is perfect raw material for low-cost ethylene production. The propane content in LPG from hydrocracker and catalytic reformer is high,and the residual C4 contains a certain amount of n-butane. Both of these materials contain isobutane,which reduces the yields of ethylene and butadiene. Therefore,the utilization scheme should depend on the self-sufficiency of cracking raw material and the price changes in LPG,naphtha and olefins. LPG from delayed coker is potential high-quality raw material for olefin production because it contains a large amount of propane and propylene and less isobutene,so its utilization should be strengthened.
This article summarizes the cracking performance of single component light hydrocarbons, the purification and separation technologies for refinery dry gas and liquefied petroleum gas( LPG),as well as their utilization in Chinese refineries.According to the actual composition of dry gas and LPG in refineries,the advantages and disadvantage of using dry gas and LPG as cracking raw material after they are purified and separated are analyzed. The results indicate that C2 hydrocarbons obtained from the purification and separation of dry gas is perfect raw material for low-cost ethylene production. The propane content in LPG from hydrocracker and catalytic reformer is high,and the residual C4 contains a certain amount of n-butane. Both of these materials contain isobutane,which reduces the yields of ethylene and butadiene. Therefore,the utilization scheme should depend on the self-sufficiency of cracking raw material and the price changes in LPG,naphtha and olefins. LPG from delayed coker is potential high-quality raw material for olefin production because it contains a large amount of propane and propylene and less isobutene,so its utilization should be strengthened.
引文
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[2]王国清,张兆斌,张利军,等.轻质裂解原料性能研究[J].乙烯工业,2008,20(1):44-46.
[3]陈滨.乙烯工学[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1997:34-36.
[4]胡江青.大型炼厂生产低成本氢气的技术开发与应用[J].当代石油石化,2010,18(5);5-8.
[5]赖光愚.炼厂气体加工[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2005,65-70.
[6]高敦仁.中冷油吸收法回收炼厂烯烃技术经济比较[J].石油化工,1991,20(7):481-487.
[7]吴晓云.发挥炼油化工一体化优势从炼厂干气回收乙烯和轻烃[J].2003,11(6):18-22.
[8]王红光,王立国.炼厂干气回收轻烃技术评述[J].炼油技术与工程,2009,39(12):8-11.
[9]王连中,姜国生,王兰成.炼厂干气回收烃类作为乙烯装置原料的可行性论证[J].化工设计,2004,14(2):43-45.
[10]柳珉敏,徐文东,关建郁.变压吸附技术应用研究进展[J].煤气与热力,2010,30(10):1-4.
[11]唐未庆.液化气作裂解料对乙烯收率及经济效益的影响[J].石油炼制与化工,2010,41(7):77-80.
[12]唐未庆.液化气作裂解料的技术经济评估[J].石油炼制与化工,2005,36(2):63-67.
[13]凌泽济.液化气分离优化裂解原料[J].乙烯工业,2012,24(4):58-61.
[14]王清江,谭蔚,栗红.炼厂加氢液化气作裂解原料的分析与评价[J].乙烯工业,2006,18(1):53-56.
[15]贡宝仁.芳烃液化气蒸气裂解工艺优化与评价[J].乙烯工业,2008,20(2):5-10.
[16]王淑兰.炼厂碳四作为乙烯裂解原料的开发现状[J].化工中间体,2009,5(5):5-8.