蓄水排水条件下盐碱地pH值分布特征及其与土壤养分的关系
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摘要
【目的】检验蓄水和排水条件下盐碱地土壤养分的变化和分布特征。【方法】从野外试验田采样,分析了蓄水和排水条件下0~200 cm土层中土壤p H值变化趋势及土壤有机质、全氮、速效钾和有效磷等养分指标的分布规律。【结果】蓄水和排水条件下,土壤p H值均能满足作物生长需求,蓄水试验田土壤p H值小于排水试验田。通过相关分析和逐步回归分析发现,排水试验田p H值与土壤养分线性相关(土壤有机质(r=-0.709**,p<0.01)、土壤有效磷(r=-0.400**,p<0.01)、土壤速效钾(r=0.628**,p<0.01)),蓄水试验田与土壤养分相关性差(p>0.05)。【结论】蓄水试验田可以有效降低土壤耕作层的盐分,加速土壤耕作层脱盐,又能将水分和养分固存于土壤非耕作层,提高了盐碱地治理效果和土壤养分量。
【Objective】Soil p H affects many biotic and abiotic processes and in this paper we investigated its spatiotemporal distribution and relationship with nutrients in saline and alkaline soil during stages of water storage and water drainage.【Method】Soil samples were taken from different locations in a field under water storage state and water drainage state; the p H, the content of organic matter, total nitrogen, available potassium and available phosphorus in 0~200 cm soil were analysed.【Result】Along with field measurement, the results showed that under both water storage and water drainage stages, the soil p H was in the range that did not have detrimental impact on plan growth. The mean soil p H during water storage period was lower than that during drainage period due to the decrease in oxygen. Correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis revealed that the p H was linearly correlated with soil nutrients in the drainage period: correlated to soil organic matter with r=-0.709** and p<0.01, correlated to available phosphorus with r=-0.400** and p<0.01, correlated to available potassium with r=0.628** and p<0.01. During water storage period, in contrast, the relationship between p H and the nutrients was insignificant(p>0.05).【Conclusion】Water storage could effectively reduce salt content in the tillage layer, accelerating salt leaching, and saving the water and nutrients in subsoil horizon for plants to use. As such, it improved soil quality and efficacy of remediating saline and alkaline soils.
【Objective】Soil p H affects many biotic and abiotic processes and in this paper we investigated its spatiotemporal distribution and relationship with nutrients in saline and alkaline soil during stages of water storage and water drainage.【Method】Soil samples were taken from different locations in a field under water storage state and water drainage state; the p H, the content of organic matter, total nitrogen, available potassium and available phosphorus in 0~200 cm soil were analysed.【Result】Along with field measurement, the results showed that under both water storage and water drainage stages, the soil p H was in the range that did not have detrimental impact on plan growth. The mean soil p H during water storage period was lower than that during drainage period due to the decrease in oxygen. Correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis revealed that the p H was linearly correlated with soil nutrients in the drainage period: correlated to soil organic matter with r=-0.709** and p<0.01, correlated to available phosphorus with r=-0.400** and p<0.01, correlated to available potassium with r=0.628** and p<0.01. During water storage period, in contrast, the relationship between p H and the nutrients was insignificant(p>0.05).【Conclusion】Water storage could effectively reduce salt content in the tillage layer, accelerating salt leaching, and saving the water and nutrients in subsoil horizon for plants to use. As such, it improved soil quality and efficacy of remediating saline and alkaline soils.
引文
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[10]刘建刚,罗纨,贾忠华,等.从水盐平衡的角度分析控制排水在银南灌区实施的可行性[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(4):43-45.
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[14]王全九,王文焰.膜下滴灌盐碱地水盐运移特征研究[J].农业工程学报,2000,16(4):54-57.
[15]王亮,罗纨.宁夏银南灌区稻田控制排水试验研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2006.
[16]韩霁昌,解建仓,朱记伟,等.陕西卤泊滩盐碱地综合治理模式研究[J].水利学报,2009,40(3):372-377.
[17]李娟,韩霁昌,张扬,等.蓄排水条件下盐碱地土壤盐分运移特征研究[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(3):116-120.
[18]胡向丹,邓小华,王丰,等.黔西南州植烟土壤p H分布特征及其与土壤养分的关系[J].安徽农业大学学报,2014,41(6):1 070-1 074.
[19]陈朝阳.南平市植烟土壤p H状况及其与土壤有效养分的关系[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(5):149-153.
[20]许自成,王林,肖汉乾.湖南烟区土壤p H分布特点及其与土壤养分的关系[J].中国生态农业学报,2008,16(4):830-834.
[21]梁颁捷,朱其清.福建植烟土壤p H值与土壤有效养分的相关性[J].中国烟草科学,2001,22(1):25-27.
[22]林毅,梁颁捷,朱其清.三明烟区土壤p H值与土壤有效养分的相关性[J].烟草科技,2003(6):35-37.
[23]邹凯,邓小华,李永富,等.邵阳植烟土壤p H时空特征及其与土壤养分的关系[J].北京农学院学报,2014,29(1):6-9.
[24]王晖,邢小军,许自成.攀西烟区紫色土p H值与土壤养分的相关关系[J].中国土壤与肥料,2006(6):19-22.
[25]吴晔.陕西创造盐碱土地整理新模式[J].中国国土资源报,2008,27(1):6.
[26]石佳,田军仓,朱磊.暗管排水对油葵地土壤脱盐及水分生产效率的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2017,36(11):46-50.
[27]吕殿青,邵明安,王全九,等.膜下滴灌土壤盐分特性及影响因素的初步研究[J].灌溉排水,2001,20(1):28-31.
[2]杨建强,罗先香.土壤盐渍化与地下水动态特征关系研究[J].水土保持通报,1999,19(6):11-15.
[3]吕殿青.入渗与蒸发条件下土壤水盐运移的研究[J].水土保持研究,1999,6(2):62-67.
[4]曲长凤,杨劲松,姚荣江,等.不同改良剂对苏北滩涂盐碱土壤改良效果研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2012,31(3):21-25.
[5]刘云,孙书洪.不同改良方法对滨海盐碱地修复效果的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2014,33(z1):248-250.
[6]曹志洪.优质烤烟生产的土壤与施肥[M].南京:江苏科学技术出版社,1991:38-43.
[7]TEPHENSON M G,PARKER M B.Manganese and soil p H effects on yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco[J].Tobacco Science,1987(31):104.
[8]邓小华,谢鹏飞,彭新辉,等.土壤和气候及其互作对湖南烤烟部分中性挥发性香气物质含量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(8):2 063-2 071.
[9]周米良,邓小华,黎娟,等.湘西植烟土壤p H状况及空间分布研究[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(9):80-85.
[10]刘建刚,罗纨,贾忠华,等.从水盐平衡的角度分析控制排水在银南灌区实施的可行性[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(4):43-45.
[11]岳卫峰,杨金忠,童菊秀,等.干旱地区灌区水盐运移及平衡分析[J].水利学报,2008,39(5):623-628.
[12]杨光滢.内蒙河套平原盐碱地水盐运动研究[J].林业科学,1999,35(4):107-110.
[13]吕殿青,王全九,王文焰,等.一维土壤水盐运移特征研究[J].水土保持学报,2000,14(4):91-94.
[14]王全九,王文焰.膜下滴灌盐碱地水盐运移特征研究[J].农业工程学报,2000,16(4):54-57.
[15]王亮,罗纨.宁夏银南灌区稻田控制排水试验研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2006.
[16]韩霁昌,解建仓,朱记伟,等.陕西卤泊滩盐碱地综合治理模式研究[J].水利学报,2009,40(3):372-377.
[17]李娟,韩霁昌,张扬,等.蓄排水条件下盐碱地土壤盐分运移特征研究[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(3):116-120.
[18]胡向丹,邓小华,王丰,等.黔西南州植烟土壤p H分布特征及其与土壤养分的关系[J].安徽农业大学学报,2014,41(6):1 070-1 074.
[19]陈朝阳.南平市植烟土壤p H状况及其与土壤有效养分的关系[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(5):149-153.
[20]许自成,王林,肖汉乾.湖南烟区土壤p H分布特点及其与土壤养分的关系[J].中国生态农业学报,2008,16(4):830-834.
[21]梁颁捷,朱其清.福建植烟土壤p H值与土壤有效养分的相关性[J].中国烟草科学,2001,22(1):25-27.
[22]林毅,梁颁捷,朱其清.三明烟区土壤p H值与土壤有效养分的相关性[J].烟草科技,2003(6):35-37.
[23]邹凯,邓小华,李永富,等.邵阳植烟土壤p H时空特征及其与土壤养分的关系[J].北京农学院学报,2014,29(1):6-9.
[24]王晖,邢小军,许自成.攀西烟区紫色土p H值与土壤养分的相关关系[J].中国土壤与肥料,2006(6):19-22.
[25]吴晔.陕西创造盐碱土地整理新模式[J].中国国土资源报,2008,27(1):6.
[26]石佳,田军仓,朱磊.暗管排水对油葵地土壤脱盐及水分生产效率的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2017,36(11):46-50.
[27]吕殿青,邵明安,王全九,等.膜下滴灌土壤盐分特性及影响因素的初步研究[J].灌溉排水,2001,20(1):28-31.