2017年丹江口水库精细化调度实践与探讨
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摘要
针对2017年丹江口水库全年来水整体偏丰、汛期丰枯不均、枯丰急转的水情特点,以及防洪与供水矛盾突出、枢纽未经过高水位运行的问题,为提高水资源综合利用效率,确保水库防洪、供水等综合效益的发挥,对丹江口水库在不同阶段包括大坝横缝处置期间、秋汛防洪期和汛末蓄水167 m时期分别实施了水库精细化调度,并制定了精细化调度方案。方案包括加强预测预报、加密会商、电厂24 h实时待命、加密水位监测、提前预警等。通过精细化调度,让水库安全度汛,产生防洪效益7.04亿元,汛后顺利完成167 m蓄水试验工作;陶岔渠首累计向北方供水突破100亿m~3,且首次达到设计供水流量350 m~3/s;年累计发电量达31.23亿kW·h,枢纽防洪、供水、发电等效益显著。
In 2017, the water entering Danjiangkou Reservoir was slightly greater than normal, but uneven in flood season and changed rapidly from flood to dry. We were faced problems that outstanding contradiction between flood control and water supply, and the reservoir did not subject to severe high water level. In order to improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of water resources, and ensure the comprehensive benefits of flood control and water supply for the reservoir,we carried out refine dispatching in the light of different stages, i.e. dam transverse joint disposal period, autumn flood control period and 167 m storage period at the end of flood season. Through adopting the measures of formulating fine dispatching schemes, strengthening forecast, holding intensive consultation, 24-hour real-time standby of power plant personnel, intensifying water level monitoring, warning in advance, etc., the reservoir safety was ensured in the flood season, with 704 million yuan of flood control benefit achieved. The 167 m water storage check and acceptance work of the reservoir was successfully completed after the flood. The total water supply to the north region exceeded 10 billion m~3 through S-N water diversion project with reaching the design discharge of 350 m~3/s for the first time. In addition, the annual power generation reached 3.123 billion kW.h. Above all show the remarkable benefits of the reservoir in flood control, water supply and power generation.
In 2017, the water entering Danjiangkou Reservoir was slightly greater than normal, but uneven in flood season and changed rapidly from flood to dry. We were faced problems that outstanding contradiction between flood control and water supply, and the reservoir did not subject to severe high water level. In order to improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of water resources, and ensure the comprehensive benefits of flood control and water supply for the reservoir,we carried out refine dispatching in the light of different stages, i.e. dam transverse joint disposal period, autumn flood control period and 167 m storage period at the end of flood season. Through adopting the measures of formulating fine dispatching schemes, strengthening forecast, holding intensive consultation, 24-hour real-time standby of power plant personnel, intensifying water level monitoring, warning in advance, etc., the reservoir safety was ensured in the flood season, with 704 million yuan of flood control benefit achieved. The 167 m water storage check and acceptance work of the reservoir was successfully completed after the flood. The total water supply to the north region exceeded 10 billion m~3 through S-N water diversion project with reaching the design discharge of 350 m~3/s for the first time. In addition, the annual power generation reached 3.123 billion kW.h. Above all show the remarkable benefits of the reservoir in flood control, water supply and power generation.
引文
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[2] 段唯鑫,郭生练,张俊,等.丹江口水库汛期水位动态控制方案研究[J].人民长江,2018,49(1):7-12.
[3] 丹江口水利枢纽管理局.丹江口水利枢纽水库调度工作手册[Z].丹江口:丹江口水利枢纽管理局,2012.
[4] 杨光,郭生练,李立平,等.考虑未来径流变化的丹江口水库多目标调度规则研究[J].水力发电学报,2015(12):54-63.
[5] 水利部长江水利委员会.丹江口水利枢纽调度规程(试行)[R].武汉:水利部长江水利委员会,2016.
[6] 蔡其华.三峡工程防洪作用与2010年防洪调度实践[J].前沿,2010,11(23):22-26.
[7] 吴江洹.红花水电站水库精细化调度探讨[J].广东水利水电,2011,9(9):63-65.
[8] 郭生练,汪芸,周研来,等.丹江口水库洪水资源调控技术研究[J].水资源研究,2015,4(1):1-8.
[9] 段唯鑫,郭生练,许银山,等.考虑供水调度的丹江口水库蓄水方案研究[J].水资源研究,2017,10(6):529-537.
[10] 丹江口水利枢纽管理局.丹江口水利枢纽2017年汛期调度运用计划[R].丹江口:丹江口水利枢纽管理局,2017.
[11] 丹江口水利枢纽管理局.丹江口水利枢纽2014年度水库调度工作总结[R].丹江口:丹江口水利枢纽管理局,2014.
[12] 栗飞,高仕春,李响.丹江口水库多目标调度方式研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2010,3(9):18-20.
[13] 孙启伟,董付强,朱小宁.丹江口水库多目标调度与管理[J].人民长江,2017,48(S1):288-290.
[14] 刘松,穆青青.南水北调中线工程与汉江中下游水生态文明建设实践探讨[J].中国农村水利水电,2016(11):117-122.
[15] 丹江口水利枢纽管理局.丹江口水利枢纽2017年度防汛调度总结[R].丹江口:丹江口水利枢纽管理局,2017.
[16] 汉江集团公司,中线水源公司.丹江口水库蓄水工作方案[R].武汉:汉江集团公司,中线水源公司,2017.
[17] 水利部.关于丹江口水利枢纽164米蓄水阶段安全监测评估报告和继续抬高水位的意见[Z].北京:水利部,2017.
[18] 汉江集团公司,中线水源公司.丹江口水库2016～2017年度水量调度工作总结[R].武汉:汉江集团公司,中线水源公司,2017.
[19] 丹江口水利枢纽管理局.丹江口水利枢纽2016年度水库调度工作总结[R].丹江口:丹江口水利枢纽管理局,2016.
[20] 蔡其华.如何评价三峡工程的防洪作用-以2010年的调度实践为例[J].红旗文稿,2011(7):16-21.