饲料添加剂组合对断奶仔猪生产性能、血液生化指标及肠黏膜组织结构的影响
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摘要
本试验旨在比较几种饲料添加剂组合对断奶仔猪生产性能、血液生化指标及肠道健康的影响。选取23日龄、平均体重为5.50 kg左右的杜洛克×长白×大约克(DLY)三元断奶仔猪150头,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头猪(公母各半)。A组为基础日粮,B组为在基础日粮中添加0.5 g/kg的金霉素(15%),C组为在基础日粮中添加0.5 g/kg的复合植物精油(CEO),D组为在基础日粮中添加0.5 g/kg的CEO与微生态制剂(0.5 g/kg),E组为在基础日粮中添加0.5 g/kg的CEO与乳铁蛋白(0.5 g/kg)。饲养期26 d。结果表明:(1)生产性能:日均增重、日均采食量,C、E组显著高于A、B组(P<0.05),E组显著高于D组(P<0.05);腹泻指数,C、D、E组均低A、B组,差异显著(P<0.05)。(2)血液生化指标:E组总抗氧化能力极显著高于A、B组(P<0.01);E组尿素氮含量显著低于A组(P<0.05);E组的总蛋白极显著高于A组(P<0.01);E组免疫球蛋白水平显著高于A组(P<0.05);E组胰样生长因子-1水平显著高于A、B组(P<0.05)。C、D、E组T3水平均低于A、B组(P<0.05)。(3)肠道结构:C、D、E组的十二指肠和空肠绒毛长度显著高于A组(P<0.05),B组十二指肠隐窝深度显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),A、B组绒毛长度/隐窝深度均低于其他各组。结论 :在断奶仔猪饲粮中添加复合植物精油、复合植物精油配伍微生态制剂、复合植物精油配伍重组乳铁蛋白均能提高断奶仔猪生产性能,减少腹泻率,改善肠道健康及血液生化指标,其中复合植物精油配伍重组乳铁蛋白的效果最佳。
This trial was conducted to compare the effects of several feed additive combinations on the production performance,blood biochemical parameters and intestinal health of weaned pigs. A total of 150 Duroc-Landrace-Largewhite weaned piglets with an average body weight of 5.50 kg were selected and divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates per group and 10 piglets per replicate(half male and half female). The piglets in group A were fed the basal diet,the piglets in group B were fed the basal diet+0.5 g/kg aureomycin(15%),the piglets in group C were fed the basal diet+0.5 g/kg compound plant essential oil(CEO),the piglets in group D were fed the basal diet+0.5 g/kg CEO+0.5 g/kg microecological agent(MA),the piglets in group E were fed the basal diet+0.5 g/kg CEO+0.5 g/kg lactoferrin. The experiment lasted for 26 days. The results showed as follows :(1)Production performance :the average daily gain,average daily feed intake,C and E groups were significantly higher than A and B group(P <0.05),and E group was significantly higher than D group(P <0.05). Diarrhea index of C,D,E group were all lower than A and B group(P <0.05).(2)Blood biochemical indexes :T-AOC level of E group was significantly higher than that of A and B group(P <0.01). The content of BUN in E group was significantly lower than that in group A(P <0.05).The content of TP in E group was significantly higher than A group(P <0.01). The Ig G level of E group was significantly higher than that of A group(P <0.05).The IGF-1 level of E group were lower than A and B group. T3 levels of C,D and E groups were higher than that of A and B groups.(3)Intestinal structure :The duodenum and jejunum villus length of C,D and E groups were significantly higher than A group(P <0.05),the crypt depth of group B was significantly higher than other groups(P <0.05),the ratios of length/crypt depth of A and B group were higher than other groups. In conclusion,under this experimental condition,the supplementation of CEO,CEO combined with MA,CPEO combined with lactoferrin in diets,can improve production performance,reduce the rate of diarrhea index,improve the intestinal health and blood biochemical indexes.
This trial was conducted to compare the effects of several feed additive combinations on the production performance,blood biochemical parameters and intestinal health of weaned pigs. A total of 150 Duroc-Landrace-Largewhite weaned piglets with an average body weight of 5.50 kg were selected and divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates per group and 10 piglets per replicate(half male and half female). The piglets in group A were fed the basal diet,the piglets in group B were fed the basal diet+0.5 g/kg aureomycin(15%),the piglets in group C were fed the basal diet+0.5 g/kg compound plant essential oil(CEO),the piglets in group D were fed the basal diet+0.5 g/kg CEO+0.5 g/kg microecological agent(MA),the piglets in group E were fed the basal diet+0.5 g/kg CEO+0.5 g/kg lactoferrin. The experiment lasted for 26 days. The results showed as follows :(1)Production performance :the average daily gain,average daily feed intake,C and E groups were significantly higher than A and B group(P <0.05),and E group was significantly higher than D group(P <0.05). Diarrhea index of C,D,E group were all lower than A and B group(P <0.05).(2)Blood biochemical indexes :T-AOC level of E group was significantly higher than that of A and B group(P <0.01). The content of BUN in E group was significantly lower than that in group A(P <0.05).The content of TP in E group was significantly higher than A group(P <0.01). The Ig G level of E group was significantly higher than that of A group(P <0.05).The IGF-1 level of E group were lower than A and B group. T3 levels of C,D and E groups were higher than that of A and B groups.(3)Intestinal structure :The duodenum and jejunum villus length of C,D and E groups were significantly higher than A group(P <0.05),the crypt depth of group B was significantly higher than other groups(P <0.05),the ratios of length/crypt depth of A and B group were higher than other groups. In conclusion,under this experimental condition,the supplementation of CEO,CEO combined with MA,CPEO combined with lactoferrin in diets,can improve production performance,reduce the rate of diarrhea index,improve the intestinal health and blood biochemical indexes.
引文
[1]安清聪,李岑曦,张春勇,等.乳铁蛋白对滇撒配套系断奶仔猪生产性能、血清抗氧化指标及组织抗氧化基因表达的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(7):2018~2026.
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[4]胡顺珍,张建梅,谢全喜,等.复合微生态制剂对肉鸡生产性能、肠道菌群、抗氧化指标和免疫功能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012,2:334~341.
[5]姜文,赵鑫,宋凯,等.抗菌肽与植物精油对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2016,8:74~76.
[6]李美君,方成堃,张凯,等.饲粮中添加乳铁蛋白对早期断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道菌群及肠黏膜形态的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(1):111~116.
[7]李敏莹,马静云,李少帅,等.复合植物精油对肉鸭生长性能与血清生化指标的影响[J].中国饲料,2015,12:19~22.
[8]李文茹,施庆珊,谢小保,等.植物精油化学成分及其抗菌活性的研究进展[J].微生物学通报,2016,6:1339~1344.
[9]李亚雄,仇正兴,何闪,等.日粮中添加微生态制剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道健康和由F18大肠杆菌引起的仔猪腹泻的影响[J].国外畜牧学(猪与禽),2016,4:61~66.
[10]王亮,梁代华,杨运玲,等.4种抗生素替代产品对断奶仔猪生长性能、血液生化及免疫性能的影响[J].饲料研究,2015,6:53~56.
[11]肖传明,刘志成.新型猪用植物提取物饲料添加剂对断奶仔猪生产性能及血液生化指标的影响[J].饲料工业,2014,20:7~10.
[12]尹清强,李小飞,常娟,等.微生态制剂对哺乳和断奶仔猪生产性能的影响及作用机理研究[J].动物营养学报,2011,4:622~630.
[13]张凯,方成堃,王冰,等.乳铁蛋白对早期断奶仔猪养分利用率及相关血液生化指标的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2012,33(4):47~51.
[14]张强,朴香淑,张宏宇,等.低能量日粮中添加植物精油对仔猪生长性能、抗氧化活性及其免疫性能的影响[A].中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会第十一次全国动物营养学术研讨会论文集[C].2012:527.
[15]张文静,雷连成,魏静元.植物精油对肉仔鸡脏器指数、血清中激素含量和抗氧化指标的影响[J].饲料工业,2016,24:9~12.
[16]Drago-Serrano M E,Rivera-Aguilar V,Reséndiz-Albor A A,et al.Lactoferrin increases both resistance to Salmonella typhimurium infection and the production of antibodies in mice.Immunol Lett,2010,134(1):35~46.
[17]Franciosini M P,Casagrande-Proietti P,Forte C,et al.Effects of oregano(Origanum vulgare L.)and rosemary(Rosmarinus officinalis L.)aqueous extracts on broiler performance,immune function and intestinal microbial population[J].J Appl Anim Research,2016,44(1):474~479.
[18]Hung C M,Yeh C C,Chen H L,et al.Porcine lactoferrin administration enhances peripheral lymphocyte proliferation and assists infectious bursal disease vaccinetion in native chickens[J].Vaccine,2010,28(16):2895~2902.
[19]Jensen H,Grimmer S,Naterstad K,et al.In vitro testing of commercial and potential probiotic lactic acid bacteria[J].Int J Food Microbiol,2012,153(1~2):216~222.
[20]Shan T,Wang Y,Wang Y,et al.Effect of dietary lactoferrin on the immune functions and serum iron level of weanling piglets[J].JAnim Sci,2007,85(9):2140~2146.
[21]Tang L J,Xing J M,Li J,et al.Consecutive expression of porcine lactoferricin gene in Pichia Pastorsis and detection of its antimicrobial activity[J].J Northeast Agric Univ,2012,43(6):1~5.
[2]方热军,李美君,周学彬,等.植物精油提取物对断奶仔猪生产性能及血液生化指标的影响[J].饲料工业,2010,31(16):13~16.
[3]何佳,黄薇薇,孟庆森,等.表达猪乳铁蛋白的重组乳酸乳球菌对断奶仔猪应用效果的研究[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(6):1579~1586.
[4]胡顺珍,张建梅,谢全喜,等.复合微生态制剂对肉鸡生产性能、肠道菌群、抗氧化指标和免疫功能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012,2:334~341.
[5]姜文,赵鑫,宋凯,等.抗菌肽与植物精油对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2016,8:74~76.
[6]李美君,方成堃,张凯,等.饲粮中添加乳铁蛋白对早期断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道菌群及肠黏膜形态的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(1):111~116.
[7]李敏莹,马静云,李少帅,等.复合植物精油对肉鸭生长性能与血清生化指标的影响[J].中国饲料,2015,12:19~22.
[8]李文茹,施庆珊,谢小保,等.植物精油化学成分及其抗菌活性的研究进展[J].微生物学通报,2016,6:1339~1344.
[9]李亚雄,仇正兴,何闪,等.日粮中添加微生态制剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道健康和由F18大肠杆菌引起的仔猪腹泻的影响[J].国外畜牧学(猪与禽),2016,4:61~66.
[10]王亮,梁代华,杨运玲,等.4种抗生素替代产品对断奶仔猪生长性能、血液生化及免疫性能的影响[J].饲料研究,2015,6:53~56.
[11]肖传明,刘志成.新型猪用植物提取物饲料添加剂对断奶仔猪生产性能及血液生化指标的影响[J].饲料工业,2014,20:7~10.
[12]尹清强,李小飞,常娟,等.微生态制剂对哺乳和断奶仔猪生产性能的影响及作用机理研究[J].动物营养学报,2011,4:622~630.
[13]张凯,方成堃,王冰,等.乳铁蛋白对早期断奶仔猪养分利用率及相关血液生化指标的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2012,33(4):47~51.
[14]张强,朴香淑,张宏宇,等.低能量日粮中添加植物精油对仔猪生长性能、抗氧化活性及其免疫性能的影响[A].中国畜牧兽医学会动物营养学分会第十一次全国动物营养学术研讨会论文集[C].2012:527.
[15]张文静,雷连成,魏静元.植物精油对肉仔鸡脏器指数、血清中激素含量和抗氧化指标的影响[J].饲料工业,2016,24:9~12.
[16]Drago-Serrano M E,Rivera-Aguilar V,Reséndiz-Albor A A,et al.Lactoferrin increases both resistance to Salmonella typhimurium infection and the production of antibodies in mice.Immunol Lett,2010,134(1):35~46.
[17]Franciosini M P,Casagrande-Proietti P,Forte C,et al.Effects of oregano(Origanum vulgare L.)and rosemary(Rosmarinus officinalis L.)aqueous extracts on broiler performance,immune function and intestinal microbial population[J].J Appl Anim Research,2016,44(1):474~479.
[18]Hung C M,Yeh C C,Chen H L,et al.Porcine lactoferrin administration enhances peripheral lymphocyte proliferation and assists infectious bursal disease vaccinetion in native chickens[J].Vaccine,2010,28(16):2895~2902.
[19]Jensen H,Grimmer S,Naterstad K,et al.In vitro testing of commercial and potential probiotic lactic acid bacteria[J].Int J Food Microbiol,2012,153(1~2):216~222.
[20]Shan T,Wang Y,Wang Y,et al.Effect of dietary lactoferrin on the immune functions and serum iron level of weanling piglets[J].JAnim Sci,2007,85(9):2140~2146.
[21]Tang L J,Xing J M,Li J,et al.Consecutive expression of porcine lactoferricin gene in Pichia Pastorsis and detection of its antimicrobial activity[J].J Northeast Agric Univ,2012,43(6):1~5.