近距离残留承载煤柱下巷道布置三指标法
|
摘要
为解决近距离残留承载煤柱(残承煤柱)下煤巷稳定性布置问题,提出用集中系数ζ、侧压系数λ、应力梯度δ来描述残承煤柱下底板应力场的"三指标法"。采用理论解析的方法,揭示了残承煤柱底板三指标分布特征,研究了三指标对巷道稳定性协同作用规律,发现残承煤柱下存在高集中系数+高应力梯度+小于1的侧压系数区、高集中系数+低应力梯度+小于1的侧压系数区、低集中系数+近0应力梯度+远大于1的侧压系数区以及近于1的应力集中系数+近0应力梯度+近于1的侧压系数区。基于此提出残承煤柱下煤巷布置"三指标法",研究表明,巷道应依次优先布置在0≤ζ≤1,0.8≤λ≤1.4,0≤δ≤1的区域,现场实践验证了该方法的合理性。
In order to solve the stability issue of coal roadway arrangement under the close-range residual bearing coal pillar, "three indexes method" was proposed: the concentration factor of ζ, the lateral pressure coefficient of λ, and the stress gradient of δ. The three indexes describe the stress stage under residual bearing pillar. Through theoretical analysis, the distribution of the three indexes under residual bearing pillar was revealed and the synergy effect of the three indexes on the roadway stability was studied. It was found that under the residual bearing pillars, there are a zone with high concentration factor, high stress gradient, and lateral pressure coefficient less than 1, a zone with high concentration factor, low stress gradient, and lateral pressure coefficient less than 1, a zone with low concentration factor, stress gradient approximately equal to 0, and lateral pressure coefficient greatly more than 1, and a zone with concentration factor approximately equal to 1, stress gradient approximately equal to 0, and lateral pressure coefficient approximately equal to 1. Based on the above-mentioned analysis, the "three indexes method" for coal roadway layout under the residual bearing coal pillar was proposed. The predicted results have indicated that the roadway should be arranged at the zone where the three index are 0≤ζ≤1, 0.8≤λ≤1.4 and 0≤δ≤1 respectively. And the method was demonstrated by field test.
In order to solve the stability issue of coal roadway arrangement under the close-range residual bearing coal pillar, "three indexes method" was proposed: the concentration factor of ζ, the lateral pressure coefficient of λ, and the stress gradient of δ. The three indexes describe the stress stage under residual bearing pillar. Through theoretical analysis, the distribution of the three indexes under residual bearing pillar was revealed and the synergy effect of the three indexes on the roadway stability was studied. It was found that under the residual bearing pillars, there are a zone with high concentration factor, high stress gradient, and lateral pressure coefficient less than 1, a zone with high concentration factor, low stress gradient, and lateral pressure coefficient less than 1, a zone with low concentration factor, stress gradient approximately equal to 0, and lateral pressure coefficient greatly more than 1, and a zone with concentration factor approximately equal to 1, stress gradient approximately equal to 0, and lateral pressure coefficient approximately equal to 1. Based on the above-mentioned analysis, the "three indexes method" for coal roadway layout under the residual bearing coal pillar was proposed. The predicted results have indicated that the roadway should be arranged at the zone where the three index are 0≤ζ≤1, 0.8≤λ≤1.4 and 0≤δ≤1 respectively. And the method was demonstrated by field test.
引文
[1]蔡光顺.中兴矿极近距离煤层开采巷道布置及支护技术研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2013.
[2]JIN Zhiyuan,ZHANG Dongsheng,MA Liqiang,et al.Breaking mechanism of longwall mining face roof under room-and-pillar goaf of shallow-buried short distance coal seams and its control[J].Disaster Adv,2013,6:208-215.
[3]陆士良,姜耀东,孙永联.巷道与上部煤层间垂距Z的选择[J].中国矿业大学学报,1993(1):4-10.LU Shiliang,JIANG Yaodong,SUN Yonglian.The selection of vertical distance Z between roadway and its upper coal seam[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,1993(1):4-10.
[4]方新秋,郭敏江,吕志强.近距离煤层群回采巷道失稳机制及其防治[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(10):2059-2067.FANG Xinqiu,GUO Minjiang,LYU Zhiqiang.Instability mechanism and prevention of roadway under closedistance seam group mining[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(10):2059-2067.
[5]JU Jinfeng,XU Jialin,ZHU Weibing.Longwall chock sudden closure incident below coal pillar of adjacent upper mined coal seam under shallow cover in the Shendong coalfield[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2015,77:192-201.
[6]LABUZ J F,ZANG A.Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion[J].Rock Mechanics&Rock Engineering,2012,45(6):975-979.
[7]EBERHARDT E.The Hoek-Brown failure criterion[J].Rock Mechanics&Rock Engineering,2012,45(6):981-988.
[8]杨伟,刘长友,黄炳香,等.近距离煤层联合开采条件下工作面合理错距确定[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2012,29(1):101-105.YANG Wei,LIU Changyou,HUANG Bingxiang,et al.Determination on reasonable malposition of combined mining in close-distance coal seams[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2012,29(1):101-105.
[9]WANG Xiangyu,BAI Jianbiao,LI Wei,et al.Evaluating the coal bump potential for gateroad design in multiple-seam longwall mining:a case study[J].Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,2015,115(8):755-760.
[10]YAN Hong,WENG Mingyue,FENG Ruimin,et al.Layout and support design of a coal roadway in ultra-close multiple-seams[J].J Cent South Univ,2015,22(11):4385-4395.
[11]LIU Yinlong,WANG Lianguo,ZHANG Bei.Roadway failure and support in a coal seam underlying a previously mined coal seam[J].International Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2012,22(5):619-624.
[12]FAN Gangwei,ZHANG Dongsheng,ZHOU Li.Suitable layout of gate roads related to slice mining in an ultra-thick unstable coal seam[J].Mining Science and Technology,2011,21(4):563-566.
[13]XIAO Tongqiang,BAI Jianbiao,XU Lei,et al.Characteristics of stress distribution in floor strata and control of roadway stability under coal pillars[J].Mining Science and Technology,2011,21(2):243-247.
[14]张炜,张东升,陈建本,等.极近距离煤层回采巷道合理位置确定[J].中国矿业大学学报,2012,41(2):182-188.ZHANG Wei,ZHANG Dongsheng,CHEN Jianben,et al.Determining the optimum gateway location for extremely close coal seams[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2012,41(2):182-188.
[15]张百胜,杨双锁,康立勋,等.极近距离煤层回采巷道合理位置确定方法探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(1):97-101.ZHANG Baisheng,YANG Shuangsuo,KANG Lixun,et al.Discussion on method for determining reasonable position of roadway for ultra-close multi-seam[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(1):97-101.
[16]伍永平.巷(隧)道支护中的非对称荷载效应[J].西安公路交通大学学报,2001,21(4):55-57.WU Yongping.Unsymmetrical load effect in tunnel support design[J].Journal of Xi’an Highway University,2001,21(4):55-57.
[17]孔德中,王兆会,任志成.近距离煤层综放回采巷道合理位置确定[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2014,31(2):270-276.KONG Dezhong,WANG Zhaohui,REN Zhicheng.Determining the optimum position of roadways of fullmechanized caving face in the close distance seams[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2014,31(2):270-276.
[18]STIROS S C,KONTOGIANNI V A.Coulomb stress changes:from earthquakes to underground excavation failures[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2009,46(1):182-187.
[19]KONTOGIANNI V A,STIROS S C.Induced deformation during tunnel excavation:evidence from geodetic monitoring[J].Eng Geol,2005,79(1/2):115-126.
[20]侯朝炯,马念杰.煤层巷道两帮煤体应力和极限平衡区的探讨[J].煤炭学报,1989(4):21-29.HOU Chaojiong,MA Nianjie.Stress in in-seam roadway sides and limit equilibrium zone[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1989(4):21-29.
[21]KANG Jizhong,SHEN Wenlong,BAI Jianbiao,et al.Vertical stress field and rock stability around the entry under close residual coal pillar[J].Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2016,21(3):1207-1224.
[22]WANG Xiangyu,BAI Jianbiao,WANG Ruofan,et al.Bearing characteristics of coal pillars based on modified limit equilibrium theory[J].International Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2015,25(6):943-947.
[23]JIR NKOV E,PETRO?V,?ANCER J.The assessment of stress in an exploited rock mass based on the disturbance of the rigid overlying strata[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2012,50:77-82.
[24]徐芝纶.弹性力学简明教程[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2013:81-85.
[25]钱鸣高,石平五,许家林.矿山压力与岩层控制[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2010:57-60.
[26]康红普,林健,张晓,等.潞安矿区井下地应力测量及分布规律研究[J].岩土力学,2010,31(3):827-831,844.KANG Hongpu,LIN Jian,ZHANG Xiao,et al.In-situ stress measurements and distribution laws in Lu'an underground coal mines[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(3):827-831,844.
[27]刘长武,曹磊,刘树新.深埋非圆形地下洞室围岩应力解析分析的“当量半径”法[J].铜业工程,2010(1):1-5.LIU Changwu,CAO Lei,LIU Shuxin.Method of equivalent radius for the analyzing rock stress of high-buried non-circular underground chambers[J].Journal of Copper Engineering,2010(1):1-5.
[2]JIN Zhiyuan,ZHANG Dongsheng,MA Liqiang,et al.Breaking mechanism of longwall mining face roof under room-and-pillar goaf of shallow-buried short distance coal seams and its control[J].Disaster Adv,2013,6:208-215.
[3]陆士良,姜耀东,孙永联.巷道与上部煤层间垂距Z的选择[J].中国矿业大学学报,1993(1):4-10.LU Shiliang,JIANG Yaodong,SUN Yonglian.The selection of vertical distance Z between roadway and its upper coal seam[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,1993(1):4-10.
[4]方新秋,郭敏江,吕志强.近距离煤层群回采巷道失稳机制及其防治[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(10):2059-2067.FANG Xinqiu,GUO Minjiang,LYU Zhiqiang.Instability mechanism and prevention of roadway under closedistance seam group mining[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(10):2059-2067.
[5]JU Jinfeng,XU Jialin,ZHU Weibing.Longwall chock sudden closure incident below coal pillar of adjacent upper mined coal seam under shallow cover in the Shendong coalfield[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2015,77:192-201.
[6]LABUZ J F,ZANG A.Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion[J].Rock Mechanics&Rock Engineering,2012,45(6):975-979.
[7]EBERHARDT E.The Hoek-Brown failure criterion[J].Rock Mechanics&Rock Engineering,2012,45(6):981-988.
[8]杨伟,刘长友,黄炳香,等.近距离煤层联合开采条件下工作面合理错距确定[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2012,29(1):101-105.YANG Wei,LIU Changyou,HUANG Bingxiang,et al.Determination on reasonable malposition of combined mining in close-distance coal seams[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2012,29(1):101-105.
[9]WANG Xiangyu,BAI Jianbiao,LI Wei,et al.Evaluating the coal bump potential for gateroad design in multiple-seam longwall mining:a case study[J].Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,2015,115(8):755-760.
[10]YAN Hong,WENG Mingyue,FENG Ruimin,et al.Layout and support design of a coal roadway in ultra-close multiple-seams[J].J Cent South Univ,2015,22(11):4385-4395.
[11]LIU Yinlong,WANG Lianguo,ZHANG Bei.Roadway failure and support in a coal seam underlying a previously mined coal seam[J].International Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2012,22(5):619-624.
[12]FAN Gangwei,ZHANG Dongsheng,ZHOU Li.Suitable layout of gate roads related to slice mining in an ultra-thick unstable coal seam[J].Mining Science and Technology,2011,21(4):563-566.
[13]XIAO Tongqiang,BAI Jianbiao,XU Lei,et al.Characteristics of stress distribution in floor strata and control of roadway stability under coal pillars[J].Mining Science and Technology,2011,21(2):243-247.
[14]张炜,张东升,陈建本,等.极近距离煤层回采巷道合理位置确定[J].中国矿业大学学报,2012,41(2):182-188.ZHANG Wei,ZHANG Dongsheng,CHEN Jianben,et al.Determining the optimum gateway location for extremely close coal seams[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2012,41(2):182-188.
[15]张百胜,杨双锁,康立勋,等.极近距离煤层回采巷道合理位置确定方法探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(1):97-101.ZHANG Baisheng,YANG Shuangsuo,KANG Lixun,et al.Discussion on method for determining reasonable position of roadway for ultra-close multi-seam[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(1):97-101.
[16]伍永平.巷(隧)道支护中的非对称荷载效应[J].西安公路交通大学学报,2001,21(4):55-57.WU Yongping.Unsymmetrical load effect in tunnel support design[J].Journal of Xi’an Highway University,2001,21(4):55-57.
[17]孔德中,王兆会,任志成.近距离煤层综放回采巷道合理位置确定[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2014,31(2):270-276.KONG Dezhong,WANG Zhaohui,REN Zhicheng.Determining the optimum position of roadways of fullmechanized caving face in the close distance seams[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2014,31(2):270-276.
[18]STIROS S C,KONTOGIANNI V A.Coulomb stress changes:from earthquakes to underground excavation failures[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2009,46(1):182-187.
[19]KONTOGIANNI V A,STIROS S C.Induced deformation during tunnel excavation:evidence from geodetic monitoring[J].Eng Geol,2005,79(1/2):115-126.
[20]侯朝炯,马念杰.煤层巷道两帮煤体应力和极限平衡区的探讨[J].煤炭学报,1989(4):21-29.HOU Chaojiong,MA Nianjie.Stress in in-seam roadway sides and limit equilibrium zone[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1989(4):21-29.
[21]KANG Jizhong,SHEN Wenlong,BAI Jianbiao,et al.Vertical stress field and rock stability around the entry under close residual coal pillar[J].Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2016,21(3):1207-1224.
[22]WANG Xiangyu,BAI Jianbiao,WANG Ruofan,et al.Bearing characteristics of coal pillars based on modified limit equilibrium theory[J].International Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2015,25(6):943-947.
[23]JIR NKOV E,PETRO?V,?ANCER J.The assessment of stress in an exploited rock mass based on the disturbance of the rigid overlying strata[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2012,50:77-82.
[24]徐芝纶.弹性力学简明教程[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2013:81-85.
[25]钱鸣高,石平五,许家林.矿山压力与岩层控制[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2010:57-60.
[26]康红普,林健,张晓,等.潞安矿区井下地应力测量及分布规律研究[J].岩土力学,2010,31(3):827-831,844.KANG Hongpu,LIN Jian,ZHANG Xiao,et al.In-situ stress measurements and distribution laws in Lu'an underground coal mines[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(3):827-831,844.
[27]刘长武,曹磊,刘树新.深埋非圆形地下洞室围岩应力解析分析的“当量半径”法[J].铜业工程,2010(1):1-5.LIU Changwu,CAO Lei,LIU Shuxin.Method of equivalent radius for the analyzing rock stress of high-buried non-circular underground chambers[J].Journal of Copper Engineering,2010(1):1-5.