上海青对土壤邻苯二甲酸二丁酯的富集及毒性响应特征
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摘要
本研究以上海青为研究对象,通过盆栽试验分析土壤中邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)在上海青可食部位的富集情况及其对上海青抗氧化酶活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响,以揭示土壤DBP对上海青的食品安全风险及生态毒性效应。结果表明:上海青可食部位DBP含量随土壤DBP质量浓度增加而增加,其富集系数为3.47～5. 48,对DBP具有较强的生物富集作用;根据美国国家环保局规定的人体经口摄入DBP的参考剂量,当土壤DBP质量浓度高于1. 22 mg/kg时,种植的上海青存在潜在的食品安全风险;此外,DBP胁迫导致上海青的MDA含量,过氧化物酶(POD)和总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性不同程度地升高。其中,上海青的POD活性受DBP影响最大,其10%效应质量浓度值(EC10)和50%效应质量浓度值(EC50)值分别为0. 32 mg/kg和0. 71 mg/kg。
In order to reveal the food safety risks and ecotoxic effects of soil di-n-butyl phthalate( DBP) on Brassica chinensis L.,the pot experiment was conducted to analyze the accumulation of soil DBP in the edible part of Brassica chinensis L. and the effects of soil DBP on antioxidant enzyme activities and malondialdehyde( MDA) content of Brassica chinensis L.. The results showed that DBP concentration in the edible part of Brassica chinensis L. increased with the increase of soil DBP concentration. The bioaccumulation factors( BCF) of DBP in the edible part of Brassica chinensis L.ranged from 3. 47 to 5. 48. According to the reference dose for intake of DBP set by the US EPA,when the concentration of DBP in the soil was higher than 1. 22 mg/kg,the Brassica chinensis L. had potential food safety risks for human health. In addition,the MDA content,peroxidase( POD) activity and total superoxide dismutase( T-SOD) activity of Brassica chinensis L. increased in varying degrees under all DBP treatments. Soil DBP showed the greatest ecotoxic effect on POD activity of Brassica chinensis L.,the 10% effect concentration( EC10) and 50% effect concentration( EC50) values for the POD activity were 0. 32 mg/kg and 0. 71 mg/kg,respectively.
In order to reveal the food safety risks and ecotoxic effects of soil di-n-butyl phthalate( DBP) on Brassica chinensis L.,the pot experiment was conducted to analyze the accumulation of soil DBP in the edible part of Brassica chinensis L. and the effects of soil DBP on antioxidant enzyme activities and malondialdehyde( MDA) content of Brassica chinensis L.. The results showed that DBP concentration in the edible part of Brassica chinensis L. increased with the increase of soil DBP concentration. The bioaccumulation factors( BCF) of DBP in the edible part of Brassica chinensis L.ranged from 3. 47 to 5. 48. According to the reference dose for intake of DBP set by the US EPA,when the concentration of DBP in the soil was higher than 1. 22 mg/kg,the Brassica chinensis L. had potential food safety risks for human health. In addition,the MDA content,peroxidase( POD) activity and total superoxide dismutase( T-SOD) activity of Brassica chinensis L. increased in varying degrees under all DBP treatments. Soil DBP showed the greatest ecotoxic effect on POD activity of Brassica chinensis L.,the 10% effect concentration( EC10) and 50% effect concentration( EC50) values for the POD activity were 0. 32 mg/kg and 0. 71 mg/kg,respectively.
引文
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[2] PEIJNENBURG W J G M,STRUIJS J. Occurrence of phthalateesters in the environment of the Netherlands[J]. Ecotoxicologyand Environmental Safety,2006,63(2):204-215.
[3]杜斌,龚娟,李佳乐.太原市污水灌溉对水土环境的有机污染研究[J].人民长江,2010,41(17):58-61.
[4] CAI Q Y,MO C H,WU Q T,et al. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocar-bons and phthalic acid esters in the soil-radish(Raphanus sati-vus)system with sewage sludge and compost application[J].Bioresource Technology,2008,99(6):1830-1836.
[5]蔡全英,莫测辉,吴启堂,等.水稻土施用城市污泥盆栽通菜土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)的残留[J].环境科学学报,2003,23(3):365-369.
[6] MO C H,CAI Q Y,ZENG Q Y,et al. Occurrence of priority or-ganic pollutants in the fertilizers,China[J]. Journal of HazardousMaterials,2008,152(3):1208-1213.
[7]于立红,高玉梅,吴亚铭,等.地膜中酞酸酯类化合物对土壤-玉米的污染及其模型模拟[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(5):347-351.
[8]崔明明,王凯荣,王琳琳,等.山东省花生主产区土壤和花生籽粒中邻苯二甲酸酯的分布特征[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(12):3523-3530.
[9] HE L,GIELEN G,BOLAN N S,et al. Contamination and reme-diation of phthalic acid esters in agricultural soils in China:a re-view[J]. Agronomy for Sustainable Development,2015,35(2):519-534.
[10] XU G,LI F S,WANG Q H. Occurrence and degradation charac-teristics of dibutyl phthalate(DBP)and di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(DEHP)in typical agricultural soils of China[J]. Sci-ence of the Total Environment,2008,393(2/3):333-340.
[11] MOC H,CAI Q Y,TANG S R,et al. Polycyclic aromatic hydro-carbons and phthalic acid esters in vegetables from nine farms ofthe Pearl River Delta,South China[J].Archives of EnvironmentalContamination&Toxicology,2009,56(2):181-189.
[12] NIU L L,XU Y,XU C,et al. Status of phthalate esters contami-nation in agricultural soils across China and associated health risks[J]. Environmental Pollution,2014,195:16-23.
[13] GIBSON R,WANG M J,PADGETT E,et al. Analysis of 4-non-ylphenols,phthalates,and polychlorinated biphenyls in soils andbiosolids[J]. Chemosphere,2005,61(9):1336-1344.
[14] VIKELSOE J,THOMSEN M,CARLSEN L. Phthalates and nonyl-phenols in profiles of differently dressed soils[J]. Science of theTotal Environment,2002,296(1-3):105-116.
[15] CHEN H L,YAO J,WANG F. Soil microbial and enzyme proper-ties as affected by long-term exposure to phthalate esters[J]. Ad-vanced Materials Research,2013,726-731:3653-3656.
[16] WANG Z G,LIU S,XU W H,et al. The microbiome and func-tions of black soils are altered by dibutyl phthalate contamination[J]. Applied Soil Ecology,2016,99:51-61.
[17] YIN R,LIN X G,WANG S G,et al. Effect of DBP/DEHP invegetable planted soil on the quality of capsicum fruit[J]. Chemo-sphere,2003,50(6):801-805.
[18] MA T T,TENG Y,CHRISTIE P,et al. Phytotoxicity in sevenhigher plant species exposed to di-n-butyl phthalate or bis(2-eth-ylhexyl)phthalate[J]. Frontiers of Environmental Science&En-gineering,2015,9(2):259-268.
[19] VAN W A,VAN V,P0STHUMUS R,et al. Enviromental risklimits for two phthalates,with special emphasis on endocrine dis-ruptive properties[J]. Ecotoxico Environ Safety,2000,46(3):305-321.
[20]杨慧丽,段舜山.邻苯二甲酸二丁酯对三角褐指藻的生态毒性效应[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(9):2155-2159.
[21] WANG J,LUO Y,TENG Y,et al. Soil contamination by phthalateesters in Chinese intensive vegetable production systems with differ-ent modes of use of plastic film[J]. Environmental Pollution,2013,180(3):265-273.
[22]曾巧云,莫测辉,蔡全英,等.菜心对邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)吸收途径的初步研究[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(8):137-140.
[23]曾巧云,莫测辉,蔡全英,等.萝卜对邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)吸收累积特征及途径的初步研究[J].环境科学学报,2006,26(1):10-16.
[24]曾巧云,莫测辉,蔡全英,等.邻苯二甲酸二丁酯在不同品种菜心-土壤系统的累积[J].中国环境科学,2006,26(3):333-336.
[25]吴山,李彬,梁金明,等.汕头市蔬菜产区土壤-蔬菜中邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)污染分布特征研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(10):1889-1896.
[26]李彬,吴山,梁金明,等.中山市农业区域土壤-农产品中邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)污染特征[J].环境科学,2015,36(6):2283-2291.
[27]李彬,吴山,梁金明,等.珠江三角洲典型区域农产品中邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)污染分布特征[J].环境科学,2016,37(1):317-324.
[28]黄慧娟,蔡全英,吕辉雄,等.土壤-蔬菜系统中邻苯二甲酸酯的研究进展[J].广东农业科学,2011,38(9):50-53.
[29]郭倩,胡晓钧,李玉双,等.邻苯二甲酸酯的土壤生态毒理学研究进展[J].北方园艺,2016(21):196-199.
[30]杜娜.黄瓜对邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)的毒性响应[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2014.
[31]曾晨,李元跃,陈融斌,等. DBP对秋茄幼苗光合作用和抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].集美大学学报(自然科学版),2014,19(4):253-258.
[32]徐敦明,马志卿,冯俊涛,等.毒死蜱和鬼臼毒素胁迫对蔬菜上海青抗氧化酶系及丙二醛的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2004,23(6):1089-1092.
[33]王兴明,涂俊芳,李晶,等.镉处理对油菜生长和抗氧化酶系统的影响[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(1):102-106.
[34]林啸,高素萍,雷霆,等.镉胁迫下外源钙对白菜氧化应激和NO含量的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(9):1699-1705.
[35]魏丽琼,呼世斌,刘书慧,等. QuEChERS-高效液相色谱法测定土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯[J].环境工程,2016,34(5):148-151.
[36]李晓贝,张腾,周昌艳,等.四种蔬菜对DBP和DEHP及其代谢物的吸收累积研究[J].农业资源与环境学报,2018,35(1):87-94.
[37] WANG P,WANG S L,FAN C Q. Atmospheric distribution ofparticulate and gas-phase phthalic esters(PAEs)in a MetropolitanCity,Nanjing,East China[J]. Chemosphere,2008,72(10):1567-1572.
[38] CAI Q Y,MO C H,ZENG Q Y,et al. Potential of Ipomoea a-quatic cultivars in phytoremediation of soils contaminated with di-n-butyl Phthalate[J]. Environmental and Experimental Botany,2008,62(3):205-211.
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