磁异常揭示的峨眉山大火成岩省的深部结构
|
摘要
峨眉山大火成岩省位于中国西南部,在晚二叠纪约260 Ma喷发出巨量的大陆溢流型玄武岩.对于大火成岩省的岩浆喷发,在地下必定有一个相应的大规模岩浆聚集和运移系统.地球物理方法是探测岩石圈内部的有效方式.峨眉山大火成岩省为镁铁质岩浆喷发,由于镁铁质-超镁铁质岩石一般具有强磁性,因此,在喷发结束之后,地下岩浆系统如果被镁铁质岩浆填充,冷却固化成为岩石圈的一部分,很有可能会引起磁异常.本文使用区域磁异常数据来对峨眉山大火成岩省的深部构造进行研究.该区域的磁异常由一系列离散的异常组成,通过3D磁化率反演可以得到磁性体的空间分布.由于磁异常中具有明显的剩磁,直接使用经典的反演方法会有较大误差,我们首先将磁异常转换为弱敏感于磁化方向的磁异常模量,再使用模量数据进行3D反演,得到地下空间内磁异常源的分布.经过分析认为这些离散分布的磁异常源反映了岩石圈内部的镁铁质-超镁铁质侵入体.侵入体的位置可能反映了底侵和内侵的镁铁质岩浆固化形成的侵入体,代表镁铁质岩浆房位置或者岩浆运移的主要通道.
The Emeishan large igneous province is located in the southwest of China.At~260 Ma in the late Permian period,it erupted massive continental flood basalts.For such an event,there must be a large-scale underground magmatic system for magma accumulation and migration in the subsurface.After the eruption is over,the underground magmatic system might be filled with mafic magma and becomes a part of the lithosphere.The solidified mafic-ultramafic intrusions,which are usually strongly magnetized,may cause magnetic anomalies.Thus the magnetic method can be used to detect such a system in the earth.In this research,magnetic anomaly grid data is applied to image the deep structure of the Emeishan large igneous province.The magnetic anomalies in this area consist of a series of discrete ones with obvious remanence,implying that the direction of magnetization is inconsistent with that of the current geomagnetic field.Since the classical 3 Dinversion method is based an assumption that there is only induced magnetization,the inversion result would be inaccurate due to the existence of remanence.Thus,we first transformthe magnetic anomalies to magnetic amplitude data,which is less sensitive to the direction of magnetization.Then we use the amplitude data for 3 Dinversion to obtain the distribution of magnetic anomaly sources within the lithosphere.These underground discrete magnetic sources may indicate the mafic-ultramafic intrusions beneath the Emeishan large igneous province.These intrusions might be formed during underplating or intraplating in the Emeishan large igneous province,which might be magma chambers or magma transport channels filled with mafic magma.After cooling,these mafic-ultramafic intrusions would have produced magnetic anomalies observed now.
The Emeishan large igneous province is located in the southwest of China.At~260 Ma in the late Permian period,it erupted massive continental flood basalts.For such an event,there must be a large-scale underground magmatic system for magma accumulation and migration in the subsurface.After the eruption is over,the underground magmatic system might be filled with mafic magma and becomes a part of the lithosphere.The solidified mafic-ultramafic intrusions,which are usually strongly magnetized,may cause magnetic anomalies.Thus the magnetic method can be used to detect such a system in the earth.In this research,magnetic anomaly grid data is applied to image the deep structure of the Emeishan large igneous province.The magnetic anomalies in this area consist of a series of discrete ones with obvious remanence,implying that the direction of magnetization is inconsistent with that of the current geomagnetic field.Since the classical 3 Dinversion method is based an assumption that there is only induced magnetization,the inversion result would be inaccurate due to the existence of remanence.Thus,we first transformthe magnetic anomalies to magnetic amplitude data,which is less sensitive to the direction of magnetization.Then we use the amplitude data for 3 Dinversion to obtain the distribution of magnetic anomaly sources within the lithosphere.These underground discrete magnetic sources may indicate the mafic-ultramafic intrusions beneath the Emeishan large igneous province.These intrusions might be formed during underplating or intraplating in the Emeishan large igneous province,which might be magma chambers or magma transport channels filled with mafic magma.After cooling,these mafic-ultramafic intrusions would have produced magnetic anomalies observed now.
引文
Ali J R,Thompson G M,Zhou M F,et al.2005.Emeishan large igneous province,SW China.Lithos,79(3-4):475-489.
Arkani-Hamed J,Celetti G.1989.Effects of thermal remanent magnetization on the magnetic anomalies of intrusives.Journal ofGeophysicalResearch:Solid Earth,94(B6):7364-7378.
Blakely R J.1996.Potential Theory in Gravity and Magnetic Applications.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
Brown L L,Webber J,Williams M,et al.2014.Magnetism of the lower crust:Observations from the Chipman Domain,Athabasca Granulite Terrain,Northern Canada.Tectonophysics,624-625:66-74.
Bryan S E,Peate I U,Peate D W,et al.2010.The largest volcanic eruptions on Earth.Earth-Science Reviews,102(3-4):207-229.
Chen Y,Xu Y G,Xu T,et al.2015.Magmatic underplating and crustal growth in the Emeishan large igneous province,SWChina,revealed by apassive seismic experiment.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,432:103-114.
Chen Y,Wang Z H,Guo X,et al.2017.Geophysical signature of the ancient mantle plume activities:A case study of the Emeishan large igneous province.Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry(in Chinese),36(3):394-403.
Chung S L,Jahn B M.1995.Plume-lithosphere interaction in generation of the Emeishan flood basalts at the Permian-Triassic boundary.Geology,23(10):889-892.
Deng Y F,Li S L,Fan W M,et al.2011.Crustal structure beneath South China revealed by deep seismic soundings and its dynamics implications.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),54(10):2560-2574,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.10.013.
Deng Y F,Chen Y,Wang P,et al.2016.Magmatic underplating beneath the Emeishan large igneous province(South China)revealed by the COMGRA-ELIP experiment.Tectonophysics,672-673:16-23.
Ernst R E.2014.Large Igneous Provinces.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,doi:10.1017/CBO9781139025300.
FerréE C,Friedman S A,Martín-Hernández F,et al.2014a.Eight good reasons why the uppermost mantle could be magnetic.Tectonophysics,624-625:3-14.
FerréE C,Martín-Hernández F,Purucker M,et al.2014b.Thematic issue:Crustal and mantle sources of magnetic anomalies.Tectonophysics,624-625:1-2.
Friedman S A,Feinberg J M,FerréE C,et al.2014.Craton vs.rift uppermost mantle contributions to magnetic anomalies in the United States interior.Tectonophysics,624-625:15-23.
Gu L X,Zhang Z Z,Wu C Z,et al.2006.Some problems on granites and vertical growth of the continental crust in the eastern Tianshan Mountains,NW China.Acta Petrologica Sinica(in Chinese),22(5):1103-1120.
He B,Xu Y G,Chung S L,et al.2003.Sedimentary evidence for a rapid,kilometer-scale crustal doming prior to the eruption of the Emeishan flood basalts.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,213(3-4):391-405.
He B,Xu Y G,Huang X L,et al.2007.Age and duration of the Emeishan flood volcanism,SW China:Geochemistry and SHRIMPzircon U-Pb dating of silicic ignimbrites,post-volcanic Xuanwei Formation and clay tuff at the Chaotian Section.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,255(3-4):306-323.
He C S,Santosh M,Wu J P,et al.2014.Plume or no plume:Emeishan large igneous province in Southwest China revisited from receiver function analysis.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors,232:72-78.
He C S,Santosh M.2017.Mantle roots of the Emeishan plume:An evaluation based on teleseismic P-wave tomography.Solid Earth,8(6):1141-1151.
Langel R A,Hinze W J.1998.The Magnetic Field of the Earth′s Lithosphere:The Satellite Perspective.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
Le珓ao-Santos M,Li Y G,Moraes R.2015.Application of 3D magnetic amplitude inversion to iron oxide-copper-gold deposits at low magnetic latitudes:A case study from Carajás Mineral Province,Brazil.Geophysics,80(2):B13-B22.
Li S L,Li Y G,Meng X H.2012a.The 3D magnetic structure beneath the continental margin of the northeastern South China Sea.Applied Geophysics,9(3):237-246.
Li Y G,Oldenburg D W.1996.3-D inversion of magnetic data.Geophysics,61(2):394-408.
Li Y G,Oldenburg D W.2003.Fast inversion of large-scale magnetic data using wavelet transforms and a logarithmic barrier method.Geophysical Journal International,152(2):251-265.
Li Y G,Shearer S E,Haney M M,et al.2010.Comprehensive approaches to 3Dinversion of magnetic data affected by remanent magnetization.Geophysics,75(1):L1-L11.
Li Y G,He Z X,Liu Y X.2012b.Application of magnetic amplitude inversion in exploration for volcanic units in a basin environment.Geophysics,77(5):B219-B225.
Li Z L,Yao C L,Zheng Y M,et al.2015.3Ddata-space inversion of magnetic amplitude data.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),58(10):3804-3814,doi:10.6038/cjg20151030.
Luo Z H,Zhou J L,Hei H X,et al.2014.Post-supereruption(-superintrusion)metallogenesis.Acta Petrologica Sinica(in Chinese),30(11):3131-3154.
Peate I U,Bryan S E.2008.Re-evaluating plume-induced uplift in the Emeishan large igneous province.Nature Geoscience,1(9):625-629.
Pilkington M.1997.3-D magnetic imaging using conjugate gradients.Geophysics,62(4):1132-1142.
Pilkington M.2008.3D magnetic data-space inversion with sparseness constraints.Geophysics,74(1):L7-L15.
Pilkington M.2016.Resolution measures for 3D magnetic inversions.Geophysics,81(2):J15-J23.
Ribeiro V B,Louro V H A,Mantovani M S M.2013.3Dinversion of magnetic data of grouped anomalies-Study applied to S珘ao Joséintrusions in Mato Grosso,Brazil.Journal of Applied Geophysics,93:67-76.
Roest W R,Verhoef J,Pilkington M.1992.Magnetic interpretation using the 3-D analytic signal.Geophysics,57(1):116-125.
Shearer S E.2005.Three-dimensional inversion of magnetic data in the presence of remanent magnetization[Master′s thesis].Colorado:Colorado School of Mines.
Shellnutt J G,Zhou M F.2007.Permian peralkaline,peraluminous and metaluminous A-type granites in the Panxi District,SWChina:Their relationship to the Emeishan mantle plume.Chemical Geology,243(3-4):286-316.
Shellnutt J G,Denyszyn S W,Mundil R.2012.Precise age determination of mafic and felsic intrusive rocks from the Permian Emeishan large igneous province(SW China).Gondwana Research,22(1):118-126.
Shellnutt J G.2014.The Emeishan large igneous province:Asynthesis.Geoscience Frontiers,5(3):369-394.
Stavrev P,Gerovska D.2000.Magnetic field transforms with low sensitivity to the direction of source magnetization and high centricity.Geophysical Prospecting,48(2):317-340.
Thybo H,Artemieva I M.2013.Moho and magmatic underplating in continental lithosphere.Tectonophysics,609:605-619.
Wang C Y,Wei B,Zhou M F,et al.2018.A synthesis of magmatic Ni-Cu-(PGE)sulfide deposits in the~260 Ma Emeishan large igneous province,SW China and northern Vietnam.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,154:162-186.
Wang Y,Luo Z H,Wu P,et al.2014.A new interpretation of the sedimentary environment before and during eruption of the Emeishan LIP,Southwest China.International Geology Review,56(10):1295-1313.
Wilson H.1985.Analysis of the magnetic gradient tensor.Defense Research Establishment Pacific:Canada Technical Memorandum,85:13-47.
Wu J,Zhang Z J.2012.Spatial distribution of seismic layer,crustal thickness,and Vp/Vsratio in the Permian Emeishan mantle plume region.Gondwana Research,22(1):127-139.
Xiao L,Xu Y G,Mei H J,et al.2004.Distinct mantle sources of low-Ti and high-Ti basalts from the western Emeishan large igneous province,SW China:Implications for plume-lithosphere interaction.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,228(3-4):525-546.
Xiong S Q,Yang H,Ding Y Y,et al.2016.Distribution of igneous rocks in China revealed by aeromagnetic data.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,129:231-242.
Xu T,Zhang Z J,Liu B F,et al.2015.Crustal velocity structure in the Emeishan large igneous province and evidence of the Permian mantle plume activity.Science China Earth Sciences,58(7):1133-1147.
Xu Y G,He B,Chung S L,et al.2004.Geologic,geochemical,and geophysical consequences of plume involvement in the Emeishan flood-basalt province.Geology,32(10):917-920.
Xu Y G,He B,Huang X L,et al.2007.The debate over mantle plumes and how to test the plume hypothesis.Earth Science Frontiers(in Chinese),14(2):1-9.
Yao C L,Zheng Y M,Zhang Y W.2007.3-D gravity and magnetic inversion for physical properties using stochastic subspaces.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),50(5):1576-1583.
Zhang Z C,Mao J W,Saunders A W,et al.2009.Petrogenetic modeling of three mafic-ultramafic layered intrusions in the Emeishan large igneous province,SW China,based on isotopic and bulk chemical constraints.Lithos,113(3-4):369-392.
Zhang Z C.2009.A discussion on some important problems concerning the Emeishan large igneous province.Geology in China(in Chinese),36(3):634-646.
Zhong H,Zhu W G,Chu Z Y,et al.2007.Shrimp U-Pb zircon geochronology,geochemistry,and Nd-Sr isotopic study of contrasting granites in the Emeishan large igneous province,SW China.Chemical Geology,236(1-2):112-133.
Zhong H,Xu G W,Zhu W G,et al.2009.Petrogenesis of the Taihe granites in the Emeishan large igneous province and its tectonic implications.Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry(in Chinese),28(2):99-109.
Zhou M F,Arndt N T,Malpas J,et al.2008.Two magma series and associated ore deposit types in the Permian Emeishan large igneous province,SW China.Lithos,103(3-4):352-368.
Zhu J,Zhang Z C,Reichow M K,et al.2018.Weak vertical surface movement caused by the ascent of the Emeishan mantle anomaly.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,123(2):1018-1134.
陈赟,王振华,郭希等.2017.古地幔柱作用“遗迹”的深部地球物理探测---以峨眉山大火成岩省为例.矿物岩石地球化学通报,36(3):394-403.
邓阳凡,李守林,范蔚茗等.2011.深地震测深揭示的华南地区地壳结构及其动力学意义.地球物理学报,54(10):2560-2574,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.10.013.
顾连兴,张遵忠,吴昌志等.2006.关于东天山花岗岩与陆壳垂向增生的若干认识.岩石学报,22(5):1103-1120.
金振民,高山.1996.底侵作用(underplating)及其壳-幔演化动力学意义.地质科技情报,15(2):1-7.
李泽林,姚长利,郑元满等.2015.数据空间磁异常模量三维反演.地球物理学报,58(10):3804-3814,doi:10.6038/cjg20151030.
罗照华,周久龙,黑慧欣等.2014.超级喷发(超级侵入)后成矿作用.岩石学报,30(11):3131-3154.
徐涛,张忠杰,刘宝峰等.2015.峨眉山大火成岩省地壳速度结构与古地幔柱活动遗迹:来自丽江-清镇宽角地震资料的约束.中国科学:地球科学,45(5):561-576.
徐义刚,何斌,黄小龙等.2007.地幔柱大辩论及如何验证地幔柱假说.地学前缘,14(2):1-9.
姚长利,郑元满,张聿文.2007.重磁异常三维物性反演随机子域法方法技术.地球物理学报,50(5):1576-1583.
张招崇.2009.关于峨眉山大火成岩省一些重要问题的讨论.中国地质,36(3):634-646.
钟宏,徐桂文,朱维光等.2009.峨眉山大火成岩省太和花岗岩的成因及构造意义.矿物岩石地球化学通报,28(2):99-109.
Arkani-Hamed J,Celetti G.1989.Effects of thermal remanent magnetization on the magnetic anomalies of intrusives.Journal ofGeophysicalResearch:Solid Earth,94(B6):7364-7378.
Blakely R J.1996.Potential Theory in Gravity and Magnetic Applications.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
Brown L L,Webber J,Williams M,et al.2014.Magnetism of the lower crust:Observations from the Chipman Domain,Athabasca Granulite Terrain,Northern Canada.Tectonophysics,624-625:66-74.
Bryan S E,Peate I U,Peate D W,et al.2010.The largest volcanic eruptions on Earth.Earth-Science Reviews,102(3-4):207-229.
Chen Y,Xu Y G,Xu T,et al.2015.Magmatic underplating and crustal growth in the Emeishan large igneous province,SWChina,revealed by apassive seismic experiment.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,432:103-114.
Chen Y,Wang Z H,Guo X,et al.2017.Geophysical signature of the ancient mantle plume activities:A case study of the Emeishan large igneous province.Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry(in Chinese),36(3):394-403.
Chung S L,Jahn B M.1995.Plume-lithosphere interaction in generation of the Emeishan flood basalts at the Permian-Triassic boundary.Geology,23(10):889-892.
Deng Y F,Li S L,Fan W M,et al.2011.Crustal structure beneath South China revealed by deep seismic soundings and its dynamics implications.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),54(10):2560-2574,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.10.013.
Deng Y F,Chen Y,Wang P,et al.2016.Magmatic underplating beneath the Emeishan large igneous province(South China)revealed by the COMGRA-ELIP experiment.Tectonophysics,672-673:16-23.
Ernst R E.2014.Large Igneous Provinces.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,doi:10.1017/CBO9781139025300.
FerréE C,Friedman S A,Martín-Hernández F,et al.2014a.Eight good reasons why the uppermost mantle could be magnetic.Tectonophysics,624-625:3-14.
FerréE C,Martín-Hernández F,Purucker M,et al.2014b.Thematic issue:Crustal and mantle sources of magnetic anomalies.Tectonophysics,624-625:1-2.
Friedman S A,Feinberg J M,FerréE C,et al.2014.Craton vs.rift uppermost mantle contributions to magnetic anomalies in the United States interior.Tectonophysics,624-625:15-23.
Gu L X,Zhang Z Z,Wu C Z,et al.2006.Some problems on granites and vertical growth of the continental crust in the eastern Tianshan Mountains,NW China.Acta Petrologica Sinica(in Chinese),22(5):1103-1120.
He B,Xu Y G,Chung S L,et al.2003.Sedimentary evidence for a rapid,kilometer-scale crustal doming prior to the eruption of the Emeishan flood basalts.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,213(3-4):391-405.
He B,Xu Y G,Huang X L,et al.2007.Age and duration of the Emeishan flood volcanism,SW China:Geochemistry and SHRIMPzircon U-Pb dating of silicic ignimbrites,post-volcanic Xuanwei Formation and clay tuff at the Chaotian Section.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,255(3-4):306-323.
He C S,Santosh M,Wu J P,et al.2014.Plume or no plume:Emeishan large igneous province in Southwest China revisited from receiver function analysis.Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors,232:72-78.
He C S,Santosh M.2017.Mantle roots of the Emeishan plume:An evaluation based on teleseismic P-wave tomography.Solid Earth,8(6):1141-1151.
Langel R A,Hinze W J.1998.The Magnetic Field of the Earth′s Lithosphere:The Satellite Perspective.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
Le珓ao-Santos M,Li Y G,Moraes R.2015.Application of 3D magnetic amplitude inversion to iron oxide-copper-gold deposits at low magnetic latitudes:A case study from Carajás Mineral Province,Brazil.Geophysics,80(2):B13-B22.
Li S L,Li Y G,Meng X H.2012a.The 3D magnetic structure beneath the continental margin of the northeastern South China Sea.Applied Geophysics,9(3):237-246.
Li Y G,Oldenburg D W.1996.3-D inversion of magnetic data.Geophysics,61(2):394-408.
Li Y G,Oldenburg D W.2003.Fast inversion of large-scale magnetic data using wavelet transforms and a logarithmic barrier method.Geophysical Journal International,152(2):251-265.
Li Y G,Shearer S E,Haney M M,et al.2010.Comprehensive approaches to 3Dinversion of magnetic data affected by remanent magnetization.Geophysics,75(1):L1-L11.
Li Y G,He Z X,Liu Y X.2012b.Application of magnetic amplitude inversion in exploration for volcanic units in a basin environment.Geophysics,77(5):B219-B225.
Li Z L,Yao C L,Zheng Y M,et al.2015.3Ddata-space inversion of magnetic amplitude data.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),58(10):3804-3814,doi:10.6038/cjg20151030.
Luo Z H,Zhou J L,Hei H X,et al.2014.Post-supereruption(-superintrusion)metallogenesis.Acta Petrologica Sinica(in Chinese),30(11):3131-3154.
Peate I U,Bryan S E.2008.Re-evaluating plume-induced uplift in the Emeishan large igneous province.Nature Geoscience,1(9):625-629.
Pilkington M.1997.3-D magnetic imaging using conjugate gradients.Geophysics,62(4):1132-1142.
Pilkington M.2008.3D magnetic data-space inversion with sparseness constraints.Geophysics,74(1):L7-L15.
Pilkington M.2016.Resolution measures for 3D magnetic inversions.Geophysics,81(2):J15-J23.
Ribeiro V B,Louro V H A,Mantovani M S M.2013.3Dinversion of magnetic data of grouped anomalies-Study applied to S珘ao Joséintrusions in Mato Grosso,Brazil.Journal of Applied Geophysics,93:67-76.
Roest W R,Verhoef J,Pilkington M.1992.Magnetic interpretation using the 3-D analytic signal.Geophysics,57(1):116-125.
Shearer S E.2005.Three-dimensional inversion of magnetic data in the presence of remanent magnetization[Master′s thesis].Colorado:Colorado School of Mines.
Shellnutt J G,Zhou M F.2007.Permian peralkaline,peraluminous and metaluminous A-type granites in the Panxi District,SWChina:Their relationship to the Emeishan mantle plume.Chemical Geology,243(3-4):286-316.
Shellnutt J G,Denyszyn S W,Mundil R.2012.Precise age determination of mafic and felsic intrusive rocks from the Permian Emeishan large igneous province(SW China).Gondwana Research,22(1):118-126.
Shellnutt J G.2014.The Emeishan large igneous province:Asynthesis.Geoscience Frontiers,5(3):369-394.
Stavrev P,Gerovska D.2000.Magnetic field transforms with low sensitivity to the direction of source magnetization and high centricity.Geophysical Prospecting,48(2):317-340.
Thybo H,Artemieva I M.2013.Moho and magmatic underplating in continental lithosphere.Tectonophysics,609:605-619.
Wang C Y,Wei B,Zhou M F,et al.2018.A synthesis of magmatic Ni-Cu-(PGE)sulfide deposits in the~260 Ma Emeishan large igneous province,SW China and northern Vietnam.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,154:162-186.
Wang Y,Luo Z H,Wu P,et al.2014.A new interpretation of the sedimentary environment before and during eruption of the Emeishan LIP,Southwest China.International Geology Review,56(10):1295-1313.
Wilson H.1985.Analysis of the magnetic gradient tensor.Defense Research Establishment Pacific:Canada Technical Memorandum,85:13-47.
Wu J,Zhang Z J.2012.Spatial distribution of seismic layer,crustal thickness,and Vp/Vsratio in the Permian Emeishan mantle plume region.Gondwana Research,22(1):127-139.
Xiao L,Xu Y G,Mei H J,et al.2004.Distinct mantle sources of low-Ti and high-Ti basalts from the western Emeishan large igneous province,SW China:Implications for plume-lithosphere interaction.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,228(3-4):525-546.
Xiong S Q,Yang H,Ding Y Y,et al.2016.Distribution of igneous rocks in China revealed by aeromagnetic data.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,129:231-242.
Xu T,Zhang Z J,Liu B F,et al.2015.Crustal velocity structure in the Emeishan large igneous province and evidence of the Permian mantle plume activity.Science China Earth Sciences,58(7):1133-1147.
Xu Y G,He B,Chung S L,et al.2004.Geologic,geochemical,and geophysical consequences of plume involvement in the Emeishan flood-basalt province.Geology,32(10):917-920.
Xu Y G,He B,Huang X L,et al.2007.The debate over mantle plumes and how to test the plume hypothesis.Earth Science Frontiers(in Chinese),14(2):1-9.
Yao C L,Zheng Y M,Zhang Y W.2007.3-D gravity and magnetic inversion for physical properties using stochastic subspaces.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),50(5):1576-1583.
Zhang Z C,Mao J W,Saunders A W,et al.2009.Petrogenetic modeling of three mafic-ultramafic layered intrusions in the Emeishan large igneous province,SW China,based on isotopic and bulk chemical constraints.Lithos,113(3-4):369-392.
Zhang Z C.2009.A discussion on some important problems concerning the Emeishan large igneous province.Geology in China(in Chinese),36(3):634-646.
Zhong H,Zhu W G,Chu Z Y,et al.2007.Shrimp U-Pb zircon geochronology,geochemistry,and Nd-Sr isotopic study of contrasting granites in the Emeishan large igneous province,SW China.Chemical Geology,236(1-2):112-133.
Zhong H,Xu G W,Zhu W G,et al.2009.Petrogenesis of the Taihe granites in the Emeishan large igneous province and its tectonic implications.Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry(in Chinese),28(2):99-109.
Zhou M F,Arndt N T,Malpas J,et al.2008.Two magma series and associated ore deposit types in the Permian Emeishan large igneous province,SW China.Lithos,103(3-4):352-368.
Zhu J,Zhang Z C,Reichow M K,et al.2018.Weak vertical surface movement caused by the ascent of the Emeishan mantle anomaly.Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,123(2):1018-1134.
陈赟,王振华,郭希等.2017.古地幔柱作用“遗迹”的深部地球物理探测---以峨眉山大火成岩省为例.矿物岩石地球化学通报,36(3):394-403.
邓阳凡,李守林,范蔚茗等.2011.深地震测深揭示的华南地区地壳结构及其动力学意义.地球物理学报,54(10):2560-2574,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.10.013.
顾连兴,张遵忠,吴昌志等.2006.关于东天山花岗岩与陆壳垂向增生的若干认识.岩石学报,22(5):1103-1120.
金振民,高山.1996.底侵作用(underplating)及其壳-幔演化动力学意义.地质科技情报,15(2):1-7.
李泽林,姚长利,郑元满等.2015.数据空间磁异常模量三维反演.地球物理学报,58(10):3804-3814,doi:10.6038/cjg20151030.
罗照华,周久龙,黑慧欣等.2014.超级喷发(超级侵入)后成矿作用.岩石学报,30(11):3131-3154.
徐涛,张忠杰,刘宝峰等.2015.峨眉山大火成岩省地壳速度结构与古地幔柱活动遗迹:来自丽江-清镇宽角地震资料的约束.中国科学:地球科学,45(5):561-576.
徐义刚,何斌,黄小龙等.2007.地幔柱大辩论及如何验证地幔柱假说.地学前缘,14(2):1-9.
姚长利,郑元满,张聿文.2007.重磁异常三维物性反演随机子域法方法技术.地球物理学报,50(5):1576-1583.
张招崇.2009.关于峨眉山大火成岩省一些重要问题的讨论.中国地质,36(3):634-646.
钟宏,徐桂文,朱维光等.2009.峨眉山大火成岩省太和花岗岩的成因及构造意义.矿物岩石地球化学通报,28(2):99-109.