贵州省2001—2015年植被覆盖NDVI时空演变及其对SPEI的响应
|
摘要
引起植被覆盖变化的气候因子占据主导地位。研究探讨了贵州省近15年来植被指数长时间序列的变化特征、基于标准化降水蒸散指数(SPEI)的干旱时空变化特征及两者之间的相关关系,可为区域植被覆盖保护与恢复提供一定的理论依据。选择2001—2015年MODIS NDVI (1 km)及19个气象站点气温、降水数据,采用一元线性回归的方法探究贵州省近15年来植被覆盖NDVI在年、月尺度下时空演变特征,及其与气温、降水和标准化降水蒸散指数(SPEI)的相关关系。结果表明:贵州西北至东南地区多年平均NDVI呈低中高分布格局,p <0. 01上的生长速率为0. 051(10 a),呈显著增加的趋势;多年平均气温、降水量的空间分布从西北到南方向呈现出低-中-高的特征,其易发生干旱的地区主要集中在贵州的西北地区,干旱在区域内的空间差异较大,黔西北、黔西南地区为易旱集中区;年均NDVI与年均SPEI、年均气温和年均降雨量的相关系数均为正值,表示NDVI与其响应因子具有一定的相关性,但与SPEI的相关性不显著,与气温和降水的相关性在p <0. 01上呈显著性的正相关,且相关系数均大于0. 5以上,相关程度较高; 1—6月大致(p <0. 01显著)呈现不显著的负相关,7—9月和11月表现为除9月(p <0. 01显著)外均呈现不显著的正相关。
Climatic factors causing vegetation cover change are dominant. Variation characteristics of long time series of vegetation index in Guizhou province in recent 15 years,characteristics of drought-temporal variation based on standardized rainfall evapotranspiration index( SPEI) and correlation between them were explored,which could provide a theoretical basis for vegetation cover protection and restoration in Guizhou Area. Temperature and precipitation data of MODIS NDVI( 1 km) and 19 meteorological stations in 2001—2015 were selected,and a linear regression method was used to explore temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of vegetation cover NDVI in Guizhou province in the past 15 years,and its temperature,precipitation and standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index( SPEI). Results showed that, annual average NDVI from northwest to southeast showed a low-medium-high distribution in Guizhou province,showed a significant increase in growth rate of 0. 051( 10 a) at p < 0. 01. Spatial distribution of average temperature and precipitation from northwest to south showed characteristics of low-medium-high,and its prone to arid areas were mainly concentrated in the northwest of Guizhou. There were obvious differences in drought areas,and the most prone areas were concentrated in northwest and southwest of Guizhou. The correlation coefficients of average annual NDVI and average annual SPEI,average annual temperature and average annual rainfall were positive,indicated that NDVI had a certain correlation with its response factor,but correlation with SPEI was not significant,and correlation with temperature and precipitation was significantly positive at p < 0. 01,and correlation coefficients were all more than 0. 5,degree of correlation was higher. There was no significant negative correlation from January to June( p < 0. 01),and there was no significant positive correlation from July to September and November except September( p < 0. 01).
Climatic factors causing vegetation cover change are dominant. Variation characteristics of long time series of vegetation index in Guizhou province in recent 15 years,characteristics of drought-temporal variation based on standardized rainfall evapotranspiration index( SPEI) and correlation between them were explored,which could provide a theoretical basis for vegetation cover protection and restoration in Guizhou Area. Temperature and precipitation data of MODIS NDVI( 1 km) and 19 meteorological stations in 2001—2015 were selected,and a linear regression method was used to explore temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of vegetation cover NDVI in Guizhou province in the past 15 years,and its temperature,precipitation and standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index( SPEI). Results showed that, annual average NDVI from northwest to southeast showed a low-medium-high distribution in Guizhou province,showed a significant increase in growth rate of 0. 051( 10 a) at p < 0. 01. Spatial distribution of average temperature and precipitation from northwest to south showed characteristics of low-medium-high,and its prone to arid areas were mainly concentrated in the northwest of Guizhou. There were obvious differences in drought areas,and the most prone areas were concentrated in northwest and southwest of Guizhou. The correlation coefficients of average annual NDVI and average annual SPEI,average annual temperature and average annual rainfall were positive,indicated that NDVI had a certain correlation with its response factor,but correlation with SPEI was not significant,and correlation with temperature and precipitation was significantly positive at p < 0. 01,and correlation coefficients were all more than 0. 5,degree of correlation was higher. There was no significant negative correlation from January to June( p < 0. 01),and there was no significant positive correlation from July to September and November except September( p < 0. 01).
引文
[1]张国斌,张勃,王东,等.近14年西南地区植被季节变化及与气候关系[J].遥感信息,2016,31(1):89-95.ZHANG Guobin, ZHANG Bo, WANG Dong, et al. Seasonal changes of vegetation in southwestern China and its relation to climate factors in recent 14 years[J]. Remote Sensing Information,2016,31(1):89-95.
[2]刘世梁,田韫钰,尹艺洁,等.云南省植被NDVI时间变化特征及其对干旱的响应[J].生态学报,2016,36(15):4 699-4 707.LIU Shiliang,TIAN Yunyu,YIN Yijie,et al. Temporal dynamics of vegetation NDVI and its response to drought conditions in Yunnan Province[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2016,36(15):4 699-4 707.
[3]张萍,曾信波.植被蓄水保土功能研究[J].山地农业生物学报,1999(5):300-304.ZHANG Ping,ZENG Xinbo. Study on the function of soil and water conservation of plant cover[J]. Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology,1999(5):300-304.
[4]李玉山.黄土高原森林植被对陆地水循环影响的研究[J].自然资源学报,2001,16(5):427-432.LI Yushan. Effects of forest on water circle on the Loess Plateau[J]. Journal of Natural Resources,2001,16(5):427-432.
[5] GUTMAN G,IGNATOV A. The derivation of the green vegetation fraction from NOAAAVHRR data for use in numerical weather prediction models[J]. International Journal of Remote Sensing,1998,19(8):1 533-1 543.
[6]顾祝军,曾志远.遥感植被盖度研究[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(2):18-21.GU Zhujun,ZENG Zhiyuan. Overview of researches on vegetation coverage in remote sensing[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(2):18-21.
[7]刘绿柳,肖风劲.黄河流域植被NDVI与温度、降水关系的时空变化[J].生态学杂志,2006,26(5):477-481,502.LIU Lvliu, XIAO Fengjin. Spatial-temporal correlations of NDVI with precipitation and temperature in Yellow River Basin[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2006,26(5):477-481,502.
[8]唐红玉,肖风劲,张强,等.三江源区植被变化及其对气候变化的响应[J].气候变化研究进展,2006,2(4):177-180,209.TANG Hongyu,XIAO Fengjin,ZHANG Qiang,et al. Vegetation change and its response to climate change in Three-River Source Region[J]. Climate Change Research,2006,2(4):177-180,209.
[9]李运刚,何娇楠,李雪.基于SPEI和SDI指数的云南红河流域气象水文干旱演变分析[J].地理科学进展,2016,35(6):758-767.LI Yungang,HE Jiaonan,LI Xue. Hydrological and meteorological droughts in the Red River Basin of Yunnan province based on SPEI and SDI Indices[J]. Progress in Geography,2016,35(6):758-767.
[10] VICENTE SERRANO S M,SANTIAGO B,LORENZOLACRUZ J,et al. Performance of drought indices for ecological, agricultural,and hydrological applications[J]. Earth Interactions,2012,16(10):1-27.
[11]赵静,严登华,杨志勇,等.标准化降水蒸发指数的改进与适用性评价[J].物理学报,2015,64(4):382-390.ZHAO Jing,YAN Denghua,YANG Zhiyong,et al. Improvement and adaptability evaluation of standardized precipitation evap otranspiration index[J]. Acta Physica Sinica,2015,64(4):382-390.
[12] VICENTE-SERRANO S M,SANTIAGO B,LPEZ-MORENO J I. A multiscalar drought index sensitive to global warming:the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index[J]. Journal of Climate,2010,23(7):1 696-1 718.
[13] QUAN C,HAN S,UTESCHER T,et al. Validation of temperature-precipitation based aridity index:Paleoclimatic implications[J]. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 2013(386):86-95.
[14]吴志杰,何云玲.基于SPEI的云南中部区域干旱时空变化特征分析[J].长江流域资源与环境,2015,24(7):1 238-1 245.WU Zhijie,HE Yunling. Temporal and spatial variation of droughts over the central Yunnan plateau based on SPEI[J]. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2015,24(7):1 238-1 245.
[15]王东,张勃,安美玲,等.基于SPEI的西南地区近53a干旱时空特征分析[J].自然资源学报,2014,29(6):1 003-1 016.WANG Dong,ZHANG Bo,AN Meiling,et al. Temporal and spatial distributions of drought in Southwest China over the past 53 years based on Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2014,29(6):1 003-1 016.
[16]王东.西南地区植被覆盖变化及对不同时间尺度气候特征的响应分析[D].兰州:西北师范大学,2014.WANG Dong. Vegetation cover change and its response to different time scales of the climate characteristics[D]. Lanzhou:Northwest Normal University,2014.
[17]陈学凯.贵州省多时间尺度气象干旱时空变化特征研究[D].郑州:华北水利水电大学,2016.CHEN Xuekai. Research on spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of meteorological drought for multi-time scales in Guizhou Province[D]. Zhengzhou:North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,2016.
[18]靖娟利,王永锋.西南岩溶区NDVI时空变化及其与气候因子的关系[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(5):169-174.JING Juanli, WANG Yongfeng. Spatial and temporal variation of NDVI and its relations with climate factors in the Southwest Karst Area[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(5):169-174.
[19]芦佳玉,延军平,李英杰.基于SPEI及游程理论的云贵地区1960—2014年干旱时空变化特征[J].浙江大学学报(理学版),2018,45(3):363-372.LU Jiayu,YAN Junping,LI Yingjie. The temporal variation characteristics of drought in Yunnan-Guizhou area during 1960 to 2014based on SPEI and run-length theory[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University(Science Edition),2018,45(3):363-372.
[20]张君,延军平. 1982—2013年陕西不同植被类型NDVI变化特征分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(4):86-92.ZHANG Jun,YAN Junping. Characteristics of NDVI changes under the different vegetation types in Shaanxi Province from 1982 to2013[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2017,31(4):86-92.
[2]刘世梁,田韫钰,尹艺洁,等.云南省植被NDVI时间变化特征及其对干旱的响应[J].生态学报,2016,36(15):4 699-4 707.LIU Shiliang,TIAN Yunyu,YIN Yijie,et al. Temporal dynamics of vegetation NDVI and its response to drought conditions in Yunnan Province[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2016,36(15):4 699-4 707.
[3]张萍,曾信波.植被蓄水保土功能研究[J].山地农业生物学报,1999(5):300-304.ZHANG Ping,ZENG Xinbo. Study on the function of soil and water conservation of plant cover[J]. Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology,1999(5):300-304.
[4]李玉山.黄土高原森林植被对陆地水循环影响的研究[J].自然资源学报,2001,16(5):427-432.LI Yushan. Effects of forest on water circle on the Loess Plateau[J]. Journal of Natural Resources,2001,16(5):427-432.
[5] GUTMAN G,IGNATOV A. The derivation of the green vegetation fraction from NOAAAVHRR data for use in numerical weather prediction models[J]. International Journal of Remote Sensing,1998,19(8):1 533-1 543.
[6]顾祝军,曾志远.遥感植被盖度研究[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(2):18-21.GU Zhujun,ZENG Zhiyuan. Overview of researches on vegetation coverage in remote sensing[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(2):18-21.
[7]刘绿柳,肖风劲.黄河流域植被NDVI与温度、降水关系的时空变化[J].生态学杂志,2006,26(5):477-481,502.LIU Lvliu, XIAO Fengjin. Spatial-temporal correlations of NDVI with precipitation and temperature in Yellow River Basin[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2006,26(5):477-481,502.
[8]唐红玉,肖风劲,张强,等.三江源区植被变化及其对气候变化的响应[J].气候变化研究进展,2006,2(4):177-180,209.TANG Hongyu,XIAO Fengjin,ZHANG Qiang,et al. Vegetation change and its response to climate change in Three-River Source Region[J]. Climate Change Research,2006,2(4):177-180,209.
[9]李运刚,何娇楠,李雪.基于SPEI和SDI指数的云南红河流域气象水文干旱演变分析[J].地理科学进展,2016,35(6):758-767.LI Yungang,HE Jiaonan,LI Xue. Hydrological and meteorological droughts in the Red River Basin of Yunnan province based on SPEI and SDI Indices[J]. Progress in Geography,2016,35(6):758-767.
[10] VICENTE SERRANO S M,SANTIAGO B,LORENZOLACRUZ J,et al. Performance of drought indices for ecological, agricultural,and hydrological applications[J]. Earth Interactions,2012,16(10):1-27.
[11]赵静,严登华,杨志勇,等.标准化降水蒸发指数的改进与适用性评价[J].物理学报,2015,64(4):382-390.ZHAO Jing,YAN Denghua,YANG Zhiyong,et al. Improvement and adaptability evaluation of standardized precipitation evap otranspiration index[J]. Acta Physica Sinica,2015,64(4):382-390.
[12] VICENTE-SERRANO S M,SANTIAGO B,LPEZ-MORENO J I. A multiscalar drought index sensitive to global warming:the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index[J]. Journal of Climate,2010,23(7):1 696-1 718.
[13] QUAN C,HAN S,UTESCHER T,et al. Validation of temperature-precipitation based aridity index:Paleoclimatic implications[J]. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 2013(386):86-95.
[14]吴志杰,何云玲.基于SPEI的云南中部区域干旱时空变化特征分析[J].长江流域资源与环境,2015,24(7):1 238-1 245.WU Zhijie,HE Yunling. Temporal and spatial variation of droughts over the central Yunnan plateau based on SPEI[J]. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2015,24(7):1 238-1 245.
[15]王东,张勃,安美玲,等.基于SPEI的西南地区近53a干旱时空特征分析[J].自然资源学报,2014,29(6):1 003-1 016.WANG Dong,ZHANG Bo,AN Meiling,et al. Temporal and spatial distributions of drought in Southwest China over the past 53 years based on Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2014,29(6):1 003-1 016.
[16]王东.西南地区植被覆盖变化及对不同时间尺度气候特征的响应分析[D].兰州:西北师范大学,2014.WANG Dong. Vegetation cover change and its response to different time scales of the climate characteristics[D]. Lanzhou:Northwest Normal University,2014.
[17]陈学凯.贵州省多时间尺度气象干旱时空变化特征研究[D].郑州:华北水利水电大学,2016.CHEN Xuekai. Research on spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of meteorological drought for multi-time scales in Guizhou Province[D]. Zhengzhou:North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,2016.
[18]靖娟利,王永锋.西南岩溶区NDVI时空变化及其与气候因子的关系[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(5):169-174.JING Juanli, WANG Yongfeng. Spatial and temporal variation of NDVI and its relations with climate factors in the Southwest Karst Area[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(5):169-174.
[19]芦佳玉,延军平,李英杰.基于SPEI及游程理论的云贵地区1960—2014年干旱时空变化特征[J].浙江大学学报(理学版),2018,45(3):363-372.LU Jiayu,YAN Junping,LI Yingjie. The temporal variation characteristics of drought in Yunnan-Guizhou area during 1960 to 2014based on SPEI and run-length theory[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University(Science Edition),2018,45(3):363-372.
[20]张君,延军平. 1982—2013年陕西不同植被类型NDVI变化特征分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(4):86-92.ZHANG Jun,YAN Junping. Characteristics of NDVI changes under the different vegetation types in Shaanxi Province from 1982 to2013[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2017,31(4):86-92.