中医药介入戒烟的研究概况
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摘要
烟草依赖是一种严重威胁人类健康的慢性疾病,烟草中的成瘾性物质尼古丁是导致本病的主要因素。在烟草戒断的过程中,患者可出现吸烟渴求、焦虑、抑郁、头痛等一系列不适症状,使患者难以自制而戒烟失败。因而寻求能有效拮抗烟草戒断反应的措施,对提高戒烟成功率和降低烟草对人们健康的危害都具有重要意义。中医药治疗烟草依赖及相关药物成瘾症以其方便、有效、副作用小而深受人们欢迎。文章通过整理文献记载并结合现代科学研究成果,分析医学对烟草依赖的认识,探讨中医药技术介入烟草戒断的研究进展,并对比现阶段中西医常用戒烟方法特点,以期促进临床戒断烟草依赖疗效的提升,并为中医药干预戒烟的进一步研究提供参考。
Tobacco dependence is a chronic disease of the international disease.The main substance leading to tobacco dependence is nicotine.In the process of abstinence from tobacco,the patient may develop a range of withdrawal symptoms such as smoking craving,anxiety,depression,headache and so on,which makes it difficult for the patient to control himself and fails to quit smoking.Therefore,it is of great significance to seek an effective measure to resist tobacco withdrawal reaction in order to increase the success rate of quitting smoking and to reduce the harm of tobacco to people's health.The application of traditional Chinese medicine in tobacco dependence and related drug addiction is popular with its convenience,effectiveness and small side effects.Based on the literature records and modern scientific research results,this paper analyzes the understanding of the dependence of medicine on tobacco,discusses the research progress of Chinese medicine technology in tobacco abstinence,and compares the characteristic of smoking cessation methods commonly used in Chinese and western medicine at present.In order to promote the clinical efficacy of tobacco dependence,and to provide a reference for the further study of Chinese medicine intervention to quit smoking.
Tobacco dependence is a chronic disease of the international disease.The main substance leading to tobacco dependence is nicotine.In the process of abstinence from tobacco,the patient may develop a range of withdrawal symptoms such as smoking craving,anxiety,depression,headache and so on,which makes it difficult for the patient to control himself and fails to quit smoking.Therefore,it is of great significance to seek an effective measure to resist tobacco withdrawal reaction in order to increase the success rate of quitting smoking and to reduce the harm of tobacco to people's health.The application of traditional Chinese medicine in tobacco dependence and related drug addiction is popular with its convenience,effectiveness and small side effects.Based on the literature records and modern scientific research results,this paper analyzes the understanding of the dependence of medicine on tobacco,discusses the research progress of Chinese medicine technology in tobacco abstinence,and compares the characteristic of smoking cessation methods commonly used in Chinese and western medicine at present.In order to promote the clinical efficacy of tobacco dependence,and to provide a reference for the further study of Chinese medicine intervention to quit smoking.
引文
[1]曹远,李玉青,钱运梁,等.北京市成人吸烟及戒烟情况调查[J].中国慢性病预防与控制,2017,25(6):419-422.
[2]Chen Z,Peto R,Zhou M,et al.Contrasting male and female trends in tobacco-attributed mortality in China:evidence from successive nationwide prospective cohort studies[J].Lancet(London,England),2015,386(10002):1447-1456.
[3]陈伟伟,高润霖,刘力生,等《.中国心血管病报告2016》概要[J].中国循环杂志,2017,32(6):521-530.
[4]杨焱,南奕,屠梦吴.《2015中国成人烟草调查报告》概要[J].中华健康管理学杂志,2016,10(2):85-87.
[5]邓林园,方晓义.尼古丁依赖的神经生物学机制[J].心理科学进展,2005,13(4):534-543.
[6]王康,张敬军.尼古丁的负性功效及作用机制研究进展[J].中华脑科疾病与康复杂志(电子版),2015,5(4):278-282.
[7]黄曙海.香烟主流烟雾有毒化学物质含量检测结果[J].应用预防医学,2008,14(6):378-381,363.
[8]刘志强,何斐,蔡琳.吸烟、被动吸烟与肺癌发病风险的病例对照研究[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2015,19(2):145-149.
[9]Martins-Green M,Adhami N,Frankos M,et al.Cigarette smoke toxins deposited on surfaces:implications for human health[J].PLoS One,2014,9(1):e86391.
[10]徐剑.吸烟对肺气肿患者肺功能和气道炎症反应的影响研究[J].中国实验诊断学,2016,20(8):1302-1304.
[11]王飞,周苑频,夏建军,等.吸烟与慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺部结构改变的相关性[J].临床肺科杂志,2018,23(1):17-20.
[12]王广娟,赵颖馨,张慧,等.吸烟及高同型半胱氨酸血症对冠心病的交互作用[J].实用医学杂志,2018,34(3):468-471.
[13]解晔,许婕.吸烟对心血管疾病影响的流行病学调查研究[J].中国初级卫生保健,2013,27(4):66-67.
[14]对50万中国人研究显示:吸烟增加患2型糖尿病风险[J].上海医药,2018,39(7):68.
[15]叶天利,李未华.戒烟干预对消化性溃疡患者临床治疗效果的影响分析[J].黑龙江医药科学,2017,40(1):152,154.
[16]张昕,王宸,芮云峰.吸烟与骨骼肌肉系统疾病[J].东南大学学报(医学版),2015,34(6):1023-1028.
[17]孙咏梅,戴树桂,袭著革.香烟烟雾成分分析及其对DNA生物氧化能力研究[J].环境与健康杂志,2001(4):203-207.
[18]高继光,杨建课,宫磊,等.香烟烟雾对小鼠卵母细胞染色质构型、DNA甲基化及相关基因表达的影响[J].卫生研究,2017,46(2):213-218.
[19]王雪梅,高英,马倩芸,等.香烟烟雾对卵巢功能的影响[J].四川生理科学杂志,2015,37(3):135-137.
[20]郭诗天,林辉,池菊芳.戒烟治疗的方法和新进展[J].中国全科医学,2017,20(30):3818-3822.
[21]吴蕾,姜斌,何耀,等.戒烟干预模式及方法研究的国内外进展[J].中华保健医学杂志,2014,16(2):157-159.
[22]刘晓芳.尼古丁依赖的药物治疗:指南与经验[J].临床药物治疗杂志,2011,9(6):25-28.
[23]彭荣立,王胜利.尼古丁舌下含片用于戒烟115例临床分析:多中心随机双盲安慰剂对照试验[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复,2007,11(52):10443-10446.
[24]王贵荣,许扬,龚美琪,等.尼古丁贴片短期戒烟效果的Meta分析[J].中国药物与临床,2016,16(7):1020-1021.
[25]刘闯.尼古丁依赖的药物治疗[J].中国药物依赖性杂志,2002,16(1):10-12,40.
[26]廖若敏,周新.戒烟药物研究进展[J].世界临床药物,2009,30(11):695-697.
[27]梁大华,谭毅.戒烟药物的研究和应用进展[J].中国临床新医学,2012,5(6):567-571.
[28]Wu P,Wilson K,Dimoulas P,et al.Effectiveness of smoking cessation therapies:a aystematic review and meta-analysis[J].BMC Publie Health,2006,6;300.
[29]简启明,马金龙,汤彦.伐尼克兰戒烟研究进展[J].中国新药与临床杂志,2017,36(6):324-329.
[30]陈文丽,肖丹,褚水莲,等.盐酸安非他酮缓释片辅助戒烟的临床观察[J].中国临床医生,2013,41(4):31-32.
[31]肖丹,王辰.伐尼克兰戒烟机制及应用现状[J].中国实用内科杂志,2013,33(5):403-407.
[32]郑超雄.从广西合浦明代窑址内发现瓷烟斗谈及烟草传入我国的时间问题[J].农业考古,1986(2):383-387,391.
[33]岳宝柱,朱海燕.中医药戒烟研究[J].光明中医,2018,33(9):1251-1254.
[34]殷英,萧鲲,许浦生.基于数据挖掘的中医药戒烟药方的用药规律研究[J].现代医药卫生,2017,33(11):1635-1637,1640.
[35]何波运,何羽.戒烟茶戒烟效果8803例观察[J].中医杂志,2009,50(S1):205-206.
[36]陈杰,郑遵法,陈丽娜.中草药对香烟中烟雾毒害的解毒作用研究[J].中国中西医结合急救杂志,2007,14(2):73-75.
[37]OLMS J S.Increased success rate using new acupuncture point for stop-smoking program[J].Am J Acupunct,1984,12(4):339-343.
[38]谭晓红.甜美-戒烟新穴定位考辨[J].中国针灸,1996,38(12):51.
[39]王莹莹,刘朝,吴远,等.针刺戒烟的随机对照研究[J].北京中医药大学学报,2018,41(7):605-610.
[40]赵玉娟,冯佳明,魏淑娟,等.穴位埋线治疗戒烟综合症的临床研究[J].中医药学报,2015,43(4):121-122.
[41]樊淑慧,秦玉玲,张文静,等.耳穴贴压联合针刺体穴对戒烟的疗效观察[J].河北中医,2014,36(12):1837-1838.
[42]初航.耳针戒烟[J].实用中医内科杂志,1987(2):89.
[43]刘朝,王莹莹,吴远,等.针灸戒烟的现代文献研究[J].中医杂志,2015,56(24):2116-2120.
[44]张凡凡,王莹莹,刘朝,等.针刺戒烟临床取穴规律分析[J].上海针灸志,2016,35(2):230-232.
[45]方幼安.耳针戒烟与味觉、血浆脑啡肽关系的研究[J].上海针灸杂志,1985,4(3):1-3.
[46]荣培晶,方继良,俞裕天,等.基于针灸脑科学的神经调控技术研究进展[J].科技导报,2017,35(11):77-84.
[47]刘爱华,孟宪华.中医中药协助戒烟100例[J].中国中医药现代远程育,2014,12(15):128-129.
[2]Chen Z,Peto R,Zhou M,et al.Contrasting male and female trends in tobacco-attributed mortality in China:evidence from successive nationwide prospective cohort studies[J].Lancet(London,England),2015,386(10002):1447-1456.
[3]陈伟伟,高润霖,刘力生,等《.中国心血管病报告2016》概要[J].中国循环杂志,2017,32(6):521-530.
[4]杨焱,南奕,屠梦吴.《2015中国成人烟草调查报告》概要[J].中华健康管理学杂志,2016,10(2):85-87.
[5]邓林园,方晓义.尼古丁依赖的神经生物学机制[J].心理科学进展,2005,13(4):534-543.
[6]王康,张敬军.尼古丁的负性功效及作用机制研究进展[J].中华脑科疾病与康复杂志(电子版),2015,5(4):278-282.
[7]黄曙海.香烟主流烟雾有毒化学物质含量检测结果[J].应用预防医学,2008,14(6):378-381,363.
[8]刘志强,何斐,蔡琳.吸烟、被动吸烟与肺癌发病风险的病例对照研究[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2015,19(2):145-149.
[9]Martins-Green M,Adhami N,Frankos M,et al.Cigarette smoke toxins deposited on surfaces:implications for human health[J].PLoS One,2014,9(1):e86391.
[10]徐剑.吸烟对肺气肿患者肺功能和气道炎症反应的影响研究[J].中国实验诊断学,2016,20(8):1302-1304.
[11]王飞,周苑频,夏建军,等.吸烟与慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺部结构改变的相关性[J].临床肺科杂志,2018,23(1):17-20.
[12]王广娟,赵颖馨,张慧,等.吸烟及高同型半胱氨酸血症对冠心病的交互作用[J].实用医学杂志,2018,34(3):468-471.
[13]解晔,许婕.吸烟对心血管疾病影响的流行病学调查研究[J].中国初级卫生保健,2013,27(4):66-67.
[14]对50万中国人研究显示:吸烟增加患2型糖尿病风险[J].上海医药,2018,39(7):68.
[15]叶天利,李未华.戒烟干预对消化性溃疡患者临床治疗效果的影响分析[J].黑龙江医药科学,2017,40(1):152,154.
[16]张昕,王宸,芮云峰.吸烟与骨骼肌肉系统疾病[J].东南大学学报(医学版),2015,34(6):1023-1028.
[17]孙咏梅,戴树桂,袭著革.香烟烟雾成分分析及其对DNA生物氧化能力研究[J].环境与健康杂志,2001(4):203-207.
[18]高继光,杨建课,宫磊,等.香烟烟雾对小鼠卵母细胞染色质构型、DNA甲基化及相关基因表达的影响[J].卫生研究,2017,46(2):213-218.
[19]王雪梅,高英,马倩芸,等.香烟烟雾对卵巢功能的影响[J].四川生理科学杂志,2015,37(3):135-137.
[20]郭诗天,林辉,池菊芳.戒烟治疗的方法和新进展[J].中国全科医学,2017,20(30):3818-3822.
[21]吴蕾,姜斌,何耀,等.戒烟干预模式及方法研究的国内外进展[J].中华保健医学杂志,2014,16(2):157-159.
[22]刘晓芳.尼古丁依赖的药物治疗:指南与经验[J].临床药物治疗杂志,2011,9(6):25-28.
[23]彭荣立,王胜利.尼古丁舌下含片用于戒烟115例临床分析:多中心随机双盲安慰剂对照试验[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复,2007,11(52):10443-10446.
[24]王贵荣,许扬,龚美琪,等.尼古丁贴片短期戒烟效果的Meta分析[J].中国药物与临床,2016,16(7):1020-1021.
[25]刘闯.尼古丁依赖的药物治疗[J].中国药物依赖性杂志,2002,16(1):10-12,40.
[26]廖若敏,周新.戒烟药物研究进展[J].世界临床药物,2009,30(11):695-697.
[27]梁大华,谭毅.戒烟药物的研究和应用进展[J].中国临床新医学,2012,5(6):567-571.
[28]Wu P,Wilson K,Dimoulas P,et al.Effectiveness of smoking cessation therapies:a aystematic review and meta-analysis[J].BMC Publie Health,2006,6;300.
[29]简启明,马金龙,汤彦.伐尼克兰戒烟研究进展[J].中国新药与临床杂志,2017,36(6):324-329.
[30]陈文丽,肖丹,褚水莲,等.盐酸安非他酮缓释片辅助戒烟的临床观察[J].中国临床医生,2013,41(4):31-32.
[31]肖丹,王辰.伐尼克兰戒烟机制及应用现状[J].中国实用内科杂志,2013,33(5):403-407.
[32]郑超雄.从广西合浦明代窑址内发现瓷烟斗谈及烟草传入我国的时间问题[J].农业考古,1986(2):383-387,391.
[33]岳宝柱,朱海燕.中医药戒烟研究[J].光明中医,2018,33(9):1251-1254.
[34]殷英,萧鲲,许浦生.基于数据挖掘的中医药戒烟药方的用药规律研究[J].现代医药卫生,2017,33(11):1635-1637,1640.
[35]何波运,何羽.戒烟茶戒烟效果8803例观察[J].中医杂志,2009,50(S1):205-206.
[36]陈杰,郑遵法,陈丽娜.中草药对香烟中烟雾毒害的解毒作用研究[J].中国中西医结合急救杂志,2007,14(2):73-75.
[37]OLMS J S.Increased success rate using new acupuncture point for stop-smoking program[J].Am J Acupunct,1984,12(4):339-343.
[38]谭晓红.甜美-戒烟新穴定位考辨[J].中国针灸,1996,38(12):51.
[39]王莹莹,刘朝,吴远,等.针刺戒烟的随机对照研究[J].北京中医药大学学报,2018,41(7):605-610.
[40]赵玉娟,冯佳明,魏淑娟,等.穴位埋线治疗戒烟综合症的临床研究[J].中医药学报,2015,43(4):121-122.
[41]樊淑慧,秦玉玲,张文静,等.耳穴贴压联合针刺体穴对戒烟的疗效观察[J].河北中医,2014,36(12):1837-1838.
[42]初航.耳针戒烟[J].实用中医内科杂志,1987(2):89.
[43]刘朝,王莹莹,吴远,等.针灸戒烟的现代文献研究[J].中医杂志,2015,56(24):2116-2120.
[44]张凡凡,王莹莹,刘朝,等.针刺戒烟临床取穴规律分析[J].上海针灸志,2016,35(2):230-232.
[45]方幼安.耳针戒烟与味觉、血浆脑啡肽关系的研究[J].上海针灸杂志,1985,4(3):1-3.
[46]荣培晶,方继良,俞裕天,等.基于针灸脑科学的神经调控技术研究进展[J].科技导报,2017,35(11):77-84.
[47]刘爱华,孟宪华.中医中药协助戒烟100例[J].中国中医药现代远程育,2014,12(15):128-129.