哈贝马斯对“生活世界”话语的哲学重构
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摘要
哈贝马斯对具有家族相似性的"生活世界"话语进行了哲学重构,将其视为一个有意义、自主以及道德选择的世界。较之于胡塞尔,哈贝马斯彰显了生活世界的语用学与主体间性维度,且将胡塞尔生活世界的先在性、非课题性特质改置为交往行为的运行视域。较之于许茨,哈贝马斯更为注重认知与行为之间的关联,拓展了生活世界理论所端赖的社会语境。在生活世界的结构问题上,哈贝马斯对之进行了系统性重构,基于文化、社会、个性互涉的意义语境,将生活世界与交往行为相关涉,进而使之成为兼具描述功能与批判意义的哲学概念。面对生活世界殖民化的症候,哈贝马斯重塑以理解为取向的语言交往机制,旨在抗撷非语言的控制媒介,重建合理化的生活世界。
Habermas made a philosophical reconstruction of the discourse of "lifeworld"which has the feature of family resemblance,and he regarded it as a meaningful,subjective world with moral choices. Compared with Husserl,Habermas demonstrated the pragmatics and intersubjective dimension of "lifeworld ",and changed features of Husserlian lifeword,pre-existence and not the question into discussion,into operating horizon of communicative action. Compared with Schutz,Habermas paid more attention to the relevance between recognition and action,and expanded social context of theory of lifeworld. Habermas made a systematical reconstruction of the structure of lifeworld,and correlated lifeworld and communicative action based on the meaningful context of culture,society and personal interaction,and then made it into a philosophical concept which has description function and critical significance. Responding to the problem of the colonization of lifeworld,Habermas remodeled a comprehension-oriented mechanism of language intercourse which aims to antagonize the control agent of non-language and rebuild a reasonable lifeworld.
Habermas made a philosophical reconstruction of the discourse of "lifeworld"which has the feature of family resemblance,and he regarded it as a meaningful,subjective world with moral choices. Compared with Husserl,Habermas demonstrated the pragmatics and intersubjective dimension of "lifeworld ",and changed features of Husserlian lifeword,pre-existence and not the question into discussion,into operating horizon of communicative action. Compared with Schutz,Habermas paid more attention to the relevance between recognition and action,and expanded social context of theory of lifeworld. Habermas made a systematical reconstruction of the structure of lifeworld,and correlated lifeworld and communicative action based on the meaningful context of culture,society and personal interaction,and then made it into a philosophical concept which has description function and critical significance. Responding to the problem of the colonization of lifeworld,Habermas remodeled a comprehension-oriented mechanism of language intercourse which aims to antagonize the control agent of non-language and rebuild a reasonable lifeworld.
引文
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[20]THIERJUNG K.Fundamentals of Discourse Ethics,Handbook of the Philosophical Foundations of Business Ethics[M].C.Luetge(ed.),Springer Science+Business Media B.V,2013.
[2]倪梁康.胡塞尔现象学概念通释(修订版)[M].北京:生活·读书·新知三联书店,2007.
[3]哈贝马斯.后形而上学思想[M].曹卫东,付德根,译.南京:译林出版社,2006.
[4]胡塞尔.胡塞尔选集[M].倪梁康,选编.上海:上海三联书店,1997.
[5]张廷国.重建经验世界——胡塞尔晚期思想研究[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2003.
[6]SCHUTZ A.Collected Papers I:The Problem of Social Reality[M].edited by Maurice Natanson.Martinus,nijhoff,the hague,1973.
[7]EDGAR A,SEDGWICK P.Cultural Theory:The Key Thinkers[M].London and New York:Routledge,2002.
[8]HABERMAS J.The Theory of Communicative Action,Vol.2[M].Translated by Thomas Mc Carthy.Boston:Beacon Press,1987.
[9]MEADWELL H.The Foundations of Habermas’s Universal Pragmatics[J].Theory and Society,1994,(5).
[10]何林.哈贝马斯与许茨生活世界理论的比较研究[J].甘肃社会科学,2010,(5).
[11]ERIKSEN E O,WEIGRD J.Understanding Habermas:Communicative Action and Deliberative Democracy[M].London·New York:Continuum,2003.
[12]HABERMAS J.The Theory of Communicative Action,Vol.1[M].Translated by Thomas Mc Carthy.Boston:Beacon Press,1984.
[13]扎哈维.主体性和自身性:对第一人称视角的探究[M].蔡文菁,译.上海:上海译文出版社,2008.
[14]哈贝马斯.现代性的哲学话语[M].曹卫东,译.南京:译林出版社,2006.
[15]HABERMAS J.Postmetaphysical Thinking:Philosophical Essays[M].Cambridge,Massachusetts:The MIT Press,1992.
[16]姚大志.现代之后——20世纪晚期西方哲学[M].北京:东方出版社,2000.
[17]RODERICK R.Habermas on Rationality[J].Man and World,1985,(18).
[18]EDGAR A.Habermas:The Key Concepts[M].London:Routledge,2006.
[19]哈贝马斯.重建历史唯物主义[M].郭官义,译.北京:社会科学文献出版社,2000.
[20]THIERJUNG K.Fundamentals of Discourse Ethics,Handbook of the Philosophical Foundations of Business Ethics[M].C.Luetge(ed.),Springer Science+Business Media B.V,2013.