摘要
具有密度低、比表面积高、稳定性好、表面渗透能力强和负载能力高等特点的轻质微球得到了国内外研究者的关注。本文综述了基于聚合物轻质微球的最新研究进展,详细介绍了中空微球和多孔微球的制备方法,主要包括种子溶胀法、模板法、悬浮聚合法、层层自组装法、表面分子印迹法和液-液相分离法,阐述了轻质微球在生化医学、涂料、废水处理、生物传感器及电子信息领域等方面的应用进展,指出了有效控制中空微球内腔结构,调控多孔微球的孔结构是未来的研究方向。
Light microspheres have attracted lots of attention of researchers recently, because of high specific surface areas, high loads, excellent stability, high surface permeability and low density. This review focuses on the recent progress of light microspheres including hollow microspheres, and porous microspheres, introduces several new synthesis methods, such as seed swelling polymerization, suspension polymerization, template method, LBL assembly, surface-molecular imprinting method and liquid-liquid phase separation technique, summarizes the applications, including biomedical, wastewater treatment, coating, biosensor and electronic information fields, and give an outlook of some future research directions, including control of inner cavity structures of hollow microspheres, modulation of particular pore structure of porous microspheres and so on.
引文
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