8~10岁肥胖儿童自然行走时步态的运动学分析
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摘要
目的:通过对比8~10岁肥胖儿童和正常儿童自然行走时的运动学参数,探讨肥胖儿童自然行走时的步态运动学特征。方法:选取60名8~10岁儿童,其中30名肥胖儿童为实验组,30名正常儿童为对照组,每组内的男女各半。采用SIMI°Motion2D/3D动作分析系统采集受试者自然行走时的步态运动学特征的数据。结果:肥胖儿童的步态支撑时间和双支撑时间百分比长于正常儿童(P<0.05)。肥胖儿童的步幅和步速与正常儿童间无显著性差异,但是相对步幅和相对步速低于正常儿童(P<0.05)。在足跟着地时,两组在髋、膝关节角度间存在统计学差异(P<0.05);而在足尖离地时,肥胖儿童踝关节的角度显著小于正常儿童(P<0.05)。结论:与正常儿童相比,肥胖儿童自然行走的步态运动学特征发生了一些变化,具有支撑时间长、步幅小、走路慢的趋势;而步幅相对较小主要是由于肥胖儿童髋膝关节的前摆不足与踝关节蹬伸不足所致。
Objective: By comparing the kinematic parameters of 8-10 years old obese children and normal children,the gait kinematics characteristics of obese children during natural walking were discussed. Methods: Sixty children aged 8-10 years were selected,30 obese children as experimental group and 30 normal children as control group. The data of gait kinematic characteristics of the subjects walking naturally were collected by SIMI °Motion2D/3D motion analysis system. Results: The percentage of gait support time and double support time in obese children was longer than that in normal children(P < 0. 05). There were no significant differences in the stride and pace of obese children with normal children,but the relative stride and relative pace were lower than those in normal children(P < 0. 05). There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in the hip and knee joint(P < 0. 05). while The angle of ankle in obese children was significantly lower than that in normal children(P < 0. 05). Conclusion: Compared with normal children,the gait kinematic characteristics of obese children's natural walking have changed,and they have the advantages of long duration of support,small step and slow walking. The relatively small stride is mainly due to the tendency of obese children to hip and knee Lack of front and ankle pedal extension caused by insufficient.
Objective: By comparing the kinematic parameters of 8-10 years old obese children and normal children,the gait kinematics characteristics of obese children during natural walking were discussed. Methods: Sixty children aged 8-10 years were selected,30 obese children as experimental group and 30 normal children as control group. The data of gait kinematic characteristics of the subjects walking naturally were collected by SIMI °Motion2D/3D motion analysis system. Results: The percentage of gait support time and double support time in obese children was longer than that in normal children(P < 0. 05). There were no significant differences in the stride and pace of obese children with normal children,but the relative stride and relative pace were lower than those in normal children(P < 0. 05). There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in the hip and knee joint(P < 0. 05). while The angle of ankle in obese children was significantly lower than that in normal children(P < 0. 05). Conclusion: Compared with normal children,the gait kinematic characteristics of obese children's natural walking have changed,and they have the advantages of long duration of support,small step and slow walking. The relatively small stride is mainly due to the tendency of obese children to hip and knee Lack of front and ankle pedal extension caused by insufficient.
引文
[1]魏雅宁,侯晓菊.儿童肥胖8岁始,小学要积极锻炼[EB/OL].http://health.people.com.cn/GB/14767532.html,2011-05-30.
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[6]王海军,陈巍,陈庆合,等.6~7岁肥胖儿童自然行走时的步态与足底压力分析[J].河北科技师范学院学报,2015,29(4):74-80.
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[11]王岚,王婷,王劲松,等.人体步态规律测量分析与研究[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2008,29(6):589-593,598.
[12]吴剑,李建设.步态生物力学研究进展[J].中国体育科技,2002,38(1):16-18.
[13]Morrison S,Durward B,Watt G,et al.Does body mass affect the spatio-temporal parameters of children’s gait?[J].Gait&Posture,2009,30:112-113.
[14]Dufek J S,Currie R L,Gouws P L,et al.Effects of overweight and obesity on walking characteristics in adolescents[J].Human movement science,2012,31(4):897-906.
[15]伍勰,陆爱云,庞军.健康老年人常速行走的步态分析[J].上海体育学院学报,2000,24(2):52-56.
[16]Schwartz M H,Rozumalski A,Trost J P.The effect of walking speed on the gait of typically developing children[J].Journal of biomechanics,2008,41(8):1639-1650.
[17]闫松华,谢楠,刘志成,等.肥胖儿童平地自然行走时的步态研究[J].中国运动医学杂志,2007,26(3):286-290.
[18]蔡瑞宝.有氧运动对8~12岁肥胖儿童步态的影响[J].兰州文理学院学报:自然科学版,2015,29(5):88-91.
[19]Mc Millan A G,Pulver A M E,Collier D N,et al.Sagittal and frontal plane joint mechanics throughout the stance phase of walking in adolescents who are obese[J].Gait&posture,2010,31(2):263-268.
[2]Anandacoomarasamy A,Caterson I,Sambrook P,et al.The impact of obesity on the musculoskeletal system[J].International journal of obesity,2008,32(2):211-222.
[3]王海军,董立叔,陈庆合,等.不同鞋跟高度对肥胖青年女性自然行走步态足底压力分布的影响[J].河北科技师范学院学报,2012,26(3):63-67.
[4]闫松华,周兴龙,党德华,等.小学阶段超重/肥胖儿童平地行走的运动学研究[J].医用生物力学,2014,29(6):548-553.
[5]纪之光,庄洁,黄亮,等.抗阻训练对肥胖儿童下肢肌力、步态和步行中能量消耗的影响[J].中国运动医学杂志,2014,33(11):1037-1042,1105.
[6]王海军,陈巍,陈庆合,等.6~7岁肥胖儿童自然行走时的步态与足底压力分析[J].河北科技师范学院学报,2015,29(4):74-80.
[7]栾天峰.11~12岁肥胖儿童不同步速时足底压力分布特征及步态研究[J].天津体育学院学报,2010,25(6):533-536.
[8]中国超重/肥胖问题工作组.中国学龄儿童青少年超重超重/肥胖筛查体重指数分类标准[J].中华流行病学杂志,2004,25(2):97-102.
[9]李辉,季成叶,宗心南,等.中国0~18岁儿童、青少年体块指数的生长曲线[J].中华儿科杂志,2009,47(7):493-498.
[10]张晓栋,肖丹丹.肥胖儿童与正常儿童行走步态特征的运动学分析[J].北京体育大学学报,2008,31(12):1651-1654.
[11]王岚,王婷,王劲松,等.人体步态规律测量分析与研究[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2008,29(6):589-593,598.
[12]吴剑,李建设.步态生物力学研究进展[J].中国体育科技,2002,38(1):16-18.
[13]Morrison S,Durward B,Watt G,et al.Does body mass affect the spatio-temporal parameters of children’s gait?[J].Gait&Posture,2009,30:112-113.
[14]Dufek J S,Currie R L,Gouws P L,et al.Effects of overweight and obesity on walking characteristics in adolescents[J].Human movement science,2012,31(4):897-906.
[15]伍勰,陆爱云,庞军.健康老年人常速行走的步态分析[J].上海体育学院学报,2000,24(2):52-56.
[16]Schwartz M H,Rozumalski A,Trost J P.The effect of walking speed on the gait of typically developing children[J].Journal of biomechanics,2008,41(8):1639-1650.
[17]闫松华,谢楠,刘志成,等.肥胖儿童平地自然行走时的步态研究[J].中国运动医学杂志,2007,26(3):286-290.
[18]蔡瑞宝.有氧运动对8~12岁肥胖儿童步态的影响[J].兰州文理学院学报:自然科学版,2015,29(5):88-91.
[19]Mc Millan A G,Pulver A M E,Collier D N,et al.Sagittal and frontal plane joint mechanics throughout the stance phase of walking in adolescents who are obese[J].Gait&posture,2010,31(2):263-268.