台阶法(带仰拱)一次开挖施工技术在软岩隧道中的应用
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摘要
软岩隧道采用传统台阶法开挖时易出现初期支护封闭不及时、步距超标等问题,为解决上述问题,依托蒙华重载铁路部分隧道,提出台阶法(带仰拱)一次开挖施工技术,阐述三台阶(带仰拱)和二台阶(带仰拱)施工工艺流程,从结构力学与变形响应、施工便捷性与设备空间布置等方面综合分析,提出台阶高度和台阶长度的合理设置原则,结合段家坪隧道与中条山隧道现场施工情况,分析台阶法(带仰拱)一次开挖工法的工序组织、技术要点与应用效果,总结台阶法(带仰拱)一次开挖工法的施工技术特点,并提出该工法的推广应用前景。
The untimely primary support closure and overlarge of advancing distance are often encountered during soft rock tunnel excavation by bench method. As a result,one-time bench excavation method( with inverted arch) is proposed for some tunnels on Menghua heavy haul railway; the construction flowcharts of three-bench method( with inverted arch) and two-bench method( with inverted arch) are introduced; the construction parameters such as bench height and bench length are put forward by comprehensively analyzing the structural mechanism,deformation response,construction convenience and arrangement of equipments; the construction organization, technical key points and applicable effect of the one-time excavation method of bench and inverted arch in Duanjiaping Tunnel and Zhongtiaoshan Tunnel are presented. Finally,the construction characteristics of the above-mentioned technology are summarized,and the technology is prospectively popularized.
The untimely primary support closure and overlarge of advancing distance are often encountered during soft rock tunnel excavation by bench method. As a result,one-time bench excavation method( with inverted arch) is proposed for some tunnels on Menghua heavy haul railway; the construction flowcharts of three-bench method( with inverted arch) and two-bench method( with inverted arch) are introduced; the construction parameters such as bench height and bench length are put forward by comprehensively analyzing the structural mechanism,deformation response,construction convenience and arrangement of equipments; the construction organization, technical key points and applicable effect of the one-time excavation method of bench and inverted arch in Duanjiaping Tunnel and Zhongtiaoshan Tunnel are presented. Finally,the construction characteristics of the above-mentioned technology are summarized,and the technology is prospectively popularized.
引文
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[6]戴润军,李东顺,张成勇.宝兰客运专线软岩隧道三台阶七步开挖法及机械配套快速施工技术[J].隧道建设,2015,35(增刊2):76.DAI Runjun,LI Dongshun,ZHANG Chengyong.Construction technology for three-bench-seven-step excavation method and equipment matching of soft rock tunnel on Baoji-Lanzhou passenger dedicate railway line[J].Tunnel Construction,2015,35(S2):76.
[7]鲜国.软岩隧道台阶法与全断面(含仰拱)法施工比较研究[J].隧道建设,2016,36(11):1302.XIAN Guo.Comparison between bench method and full-face method for soft rock tunnel[J].Tunnel Construction,2016,36(11):1302.
[8]赵伟,尚军,陈鸿.单线铁路隧道石质软岩初期支护快速封闭成环施工技术[J].工程技术,2016,38(3):127.ZHAO Wei,SHANG Jun,CHEN Hong.Construction technologies for initial supports sealing rapidly for soft rock tunnel on single track railway[J].Engineering Technology,2016,38(3):127.
[9]杨世武,皮圣,苏辉,等.浅覆新黄土隧道微台阶法修建技术[J].隧道建设,2017,37(12):1571.YANG Shiwu,PI Sheng,SU Hui,et al.Construction technology of micro bench method for shallow-covered new loess tunnel[J].Tunnel Construction,2017,37(12):1571.
[10]邓涛,刘大刚,蔡闽金,等.基于中条山隧道的台阶法几何参数优化分析[J].隧道建设,2017,37(12):1550.DENG Tao,LIU Dagang,CAI Minjin,et al.Optimization analysis of geometric parameters of bench method used in Zhongtiaoshan Tunnel[J].Tunnel Construction,2017,37(12):1550.
[2]李国良,宋冶,李雷,等.大断面黄土隧道台阶法双层支护技术[J].中国工程科学,2014,16(8):54.LI Guoliang,SONG Ye,LI Lei,et al.Double-layer support technology of large-section loess tunnel by benching method[J].Engineering Sciences,2014,16(8):54.
[3]胡守云,吴廷尧.三明铁路隧道三台阶法开挖施工围岩变形特征研究[J].施工技术,2016,45(19):86.HU Shouyun,WU Tingyao.Study of deformation characteristics of surrounding rock in excavation construction with three-step method for Sanming Railway Tunnel[J].Construction Technology,2016,45(19):86.
[4]黄嘉亿.高速铁路隧道台阶法施工技术参数分析与应用[J].现代隧道技术,2012,49(3):77.HUANG Jiayi.Parameters analysis and application of bench method for high-speed railway tunnels[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2012,49(3):77.
[5]赵佃锦,梁庆国,鲁得文,等.高地应力隧道台阶法施工过程数值模拟[J].地下空间与工程学报,2014,10(2):441.ZHAO Dianjin,LIANG Qingguo,LU Dewen,et al.Numerical simulation on construction process of high ground stress tunnel by bench method[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2014,10(2):441.
[6]戴润军,李东顺,张成勇.宝兰客运专线软岩隧道三台阶七步开挖法及机械配套快速施工技术[J].隧道建设,2015,35(增刊2):76.DAI Runjun,LI Dongshun,ZHANG Chengyong.Construction technology for three-bench-seven-step excavation method and equipment matching of soft rock tunnel on Baoji-Lanzhou passenger dedicate railway line[J].Tunnel Construction,2015,35(S2):76.
[7]鲜国.软岩隧道台阶法与全断面(含仰拱)法施工比较研究[J].隧道建设,2016,36(11):1302.XIAN Guo.Comparison between bench method and full-face method for soft rock tunnel[J].Tunnel Construction,2016,36(11):1302.
[8]赵伟,尚军,陈鸿.单线铁路隧道石质软岩初期支护快速封闭成环施工技术[J].工程技术,2016,38(3):127.ZHAO Wei,SHANG Jun,CHEN Hong.Construction technologies for initial supports sealing rapidly for soft rock tunnel on single track railway[J].Engineering Technology,2016,38(3):127.
[9]杨世武,皮圣,苏辉,等.浅覆新黄土隧道微台阶法修建技术[J].隧道建设,2017,37(12):1571.YANG Shiwu,PI Sheng,SU Hui,et al.Construction technology of micro bench method for shallow-covered new loess tunnel[J].Tunnel Construction,2017,37(12):1571.
[10]邓涛,刘大刚,蔡闽金,等.基于中条山隧道的台阶法几何参数优化分析[J].隧道建设,2017,37(12):1550.DENG Tao,LIU Dagang,CAI Minjin,et al.Optimization analysis of geometric parameters of bench method used in Zhongtiaoshan Tunnel[J].Tunnel Construction,2017,37(12):1550.