基于村镇尺度的建设用地变化时空特征分析——以浙江省安吉县为例
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摘要
基于村域和镇域微观尺度,使用探索性空间数据分析方法和建设用地扩展差异指数对安吉县2009—2017年的建设用地时空变化特征进行分析。结果表明:全县建设用地呈现持续粗放扩张态势,人口增长速率远低于建设用地扩张速度,内部结构不合理,农村居民点用地扩张是其主导形式,对建设用地增长的年均贡献率为55.56%。从空间分布格局来看,村域尺度上建设用地总量具有显著的空间溢出效应,"高高"集聚区域分布在经济发达的中心城区和工业基础较好的石龙村、独山头村以及晓墅村,"低低"集聚区域主要沿西部及南部山区丘陵的边缘地带分布,"高低"热点区域集中在北部工业园区的高禹村和张芝村周围,"低高"冷点区域围绕中心城区"高高"区域的四周分布。从建设用地扩展差异来看,乡镇尺度上的扩展速度具有明显的"北快、中高、南低"的区域分异总体特征,同一阶段区域之间扩展速度不平衡性突出,不同阶段区域内部扩展速度不充分性显著。村域尺度上,快速发展和高速发展的区域集中在中心城区和北部工业园区且集聚效果不断增强,建设用地数量呈现下降的区域逐渐向西南山区的村域集聚,城乡二元结构特征明显。
Based on village and town scale, by using the method of exploratory spatial data analysis and extended difference index of construction using land, the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of construction using land in Anji county from 2009 to 2017 have been analyzed. It is showed that: construction using land in this county keeps rapid expansion. Its expanding rate is much faster than the growth rate of population. The internal structure of construction using land is not reasonable, and the expansion of rural residential land is the leading form. The average contributing rate is 55.56% to the growth of construction using land. The total amount of construction using land on village scale has a significant spatial spillover effect. "High-high" clustered areas are distributed in the economically developed central urban area and the industrial areas, such as Shilong village,Dushantou village and Xiaoshu village; "low-low" clustered areas are mainly distributed along the edge of the western and southern mountains and hills;"High-low" hot spots are concentrated around Gaoyu village and Zhangzhi village in the northern industrial zone, and "low-high" cold spots are distributed around the "high-high" areas in the central urban area. The construction land expansion speed of township scale shows an overall characteristics. It is fast in the north and high in the middle but low in the south. Additionally,the unbalance of expansion speed between regions in the same stage is prominent and the insufficiency of expansion speed within regions in different stages is significant. On the scale of village,the areas with rapid development and high speed are concentrated in the central urban areas and the northern industrial zones,and the effect of agglomeration is constantly enhanced. The areas with decreasing construction land quantity gradually gather to the village areas in the southwest mountainous areas,so the characteristics of spatial dual structure are obvious.
Based on village and town scale, by using the method of exploratory spatial data analysis and extended difference index of construction using land, the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of construction using land in Anji county from 2009 to 2017 have been analyzed. It is showed that: construction using land in this county keeps rapid expansion. Its expanding rate is much faster than the growth rate of population. The internal structure of construction using land is not reasonable, and the expansion of rural residential land is the leading form. The average contributing rate is 55.56% to the growth of construction using land. The total amount of construction using land on village scale has a significant spatial spillover effect. "High-high" clustered areas are distributed in the economically developed central urban area and the industrial areas, such as Shilong village,Dushantou village and Xiaoshu village; "low-low" clustered areas are mainly distributed along the edge of the western and southern mountains and hills;"High-low" hot spots are concentrated around Gaoyu village and Zhangzhi village in the northern industrial zone, and "low-high" cold spots are distributed around the "high-high" areas in the central urban area. The construction land expansion speed of township scale shows an overall characteristics. It is fast in the north and high in the middle but low in the south. Additionally,the unbalance of expansion speed between regions in the same stage is prominent and the insufficiency of expansion speed within regions in different stages is significant. On the scale of village,the areas with rapid development and high speed are concentrated in the central urban areas and the northern industrial zones,and the effect of agglomeration is constantly enhanced. The areas with decreasing construction land quantity gradually gather to the village areas in the southwest mountainous areas,so the characteristics of spatial dual structure are obvious.
引文
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[2] 方创琳,李广东,张蔷.中国城市建设用地的动态变化态势与调控[J].自然资源学报,2017,32(3):363-376.
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[12] 李怡,刘正佳,李裕瑞.边境贫困县建设用地变化特征与驱动因素—以广西龙州为例[J].自然资源学报,2018,33(8):1291-1303.
[13] 牟初夫,王礼茂,屈秋实,等.宁波市建设用地扩张驱动因素分析—基于区县面板数据的研究(英文)[J].Journal of Resources and Ecology,2018,9(4):365-373.
[14] 关兴良,方创琳,周敏,等.武汉城市群城镇用地空间扩展时空特征分析[J].自然资源学报,2012,27(9):1447-1459.
[15] 吴九兴,王晓妹.安徽省建设用地转型的时空特征研究[J].浙江农业科学,2018,59(10):1920-1924.
[16] 邓瑞民,李少英,吴志峰,等.广东省地级市建设用地扩展模式区域差异与驱动机制[J].热带地理,2018,38(5):689-698.
[17] 徐增江.成武县土地利用时空变化与水系因子的关系研究[J].山东国土资源,2018,34(3):76-80.
[18] Anselin L.Spatial Econometrics:Methods and Models[M].Dordrecht:Kluwer Academic,1988:1-20.
[19] 王婧,方创琳,李裕瑞.中国城乡人口与建设用地的时空变化及其耦合特征研究[J].自然资源学报,2014,29(8):1271-1281.
(1)根据《安吉县城市总体规划(2015—2030年)》,“一体”指主城区四个街道-孝丰组合型中心城区,“两翼”包括东北部工业引擎、南部乡村休闲旅游片区,“四心”即天子湖镇、梅溪镇、杭垓镇和天荒坪镇为片区中心城镇。
(2)中共中央、国务院《乡村振兴战略规划(2018—2022年)》明确提出加强乡村振兴战略用地保障,完善农村新增用地保障机制,年度土地利用计划分配中可安排一定比例新增建设用地指标专项支持农业农村发展。
[2] 方创琳,李广东,张蔷.中国城市建设用地的动态变化态势与调控[J].自然资源学报,2017,32(3):363-376.
[3] 刘志佳,黄河清,Saskia E.WERNERS,等.珠三角地区建设用地扩张与经济、人口变化之间相互作用的时空演变特征分析(英文)[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2016,26(2):188-202.
[4] 刘纪远,宁佳,匡文慧,等.2010-2015年中国土地利用变化的时空格局与新特征[J].地理学报,2018,73(5):789-802.
[5] 王群,王万茂.中国经济增长、建设用地扩张与用地-产出比率—基于2000—2014年中国省际面板数据分析[J].中国地质大学学报(社会科学版),2017,17(6):158-169.
[6] 刘涛,史秋洁,王雨,等.中国城乡建设占用耕地的时空格局及形成机制[J].地理研究,2018,37(8):1609-1623.
[7] 楼梦醒,冯长春.京津冀地区城市建设用地变化及差异化驱动力研究[J].城市发展研究,2018,25(9):23-28+41.
[8] 李嘉译,匡鸿海,谭超,等.长江经济带城市扩张的时空特征与生态响应[J].长江流域资源与环境,2018,27(10):2153-2161.
[9] 朱会义,李秀彬,何书金,等.环渤海地区土地利用的时空变化分析[J].地理学报,2001(3):253-260.
[10] 方士源,王萍.山东省土地利用时空变化与驱动力分析[J].山东国土资源,2019,35(1):89-95.
[11] 王海军,张彬,刘耀林,等.基于重心-GTWR模型的京津冀城市群城镇扩展格局与驱动力多维解析[J].地理学报,2018,73(6):1076-1092.
[12] 李怡,刘正佳,李裕瑞.边境贫困县建设用地变化特征与驱动因素—以广西龙州为例[J].自然资源学报,2018,33(8):1291-1303.
[13] 牟初夫,王礼茂,屈秋实,等.宁波市建设用地扩张驱动因素分析—基于区县面板数据的研究(英文)[J].Journal of Resources and Ecology,2018,9(4):365-373.
[14] 关兴良,方创琳,周敏,等.武汉城市群城镇用地空间扩展时空特征分析[J].自然资源学报,2012,27(9):1447-1459.
[15] 吴九兴,王晓妹.安徽省建设用地转型的时空特征研究[J].浙江农业科学,2018,59(10):1920-1924.
[16] 邓瑞民,李少英,吴志峰,等.广东省地级市建设用地扩展模式区域差异与驱动机制[J].热带地理,2018,38(5):689-698.
[17] 徐增江.成武县土地利用时空变化与水系因子的关系研究[J].山东国土资源,2018,34(3):76-80.
[18] Anselin L.Spatial Econometrics:Methods and Models[M].Dordrecht:Kluwer Academic,1988:1-20.
[19] 王婧,方创琳,李裕瑞.中国城乡人口与建设用地的时空变化及其耦合特征研究[J].自然资源学报,2014,29(8):1271-1281.
(1)根据《安吉县城市总体规划(2015—2030年)》,“一体”指主城区四个街道-孝丰组合型中心城区,“两翼”包括东北部工业引擎、南部乡村休闲旅游片区,“四心”即天子湖镇、梅溪镇、杭垓镇和天荒坪镇为片区中心城镇。
(2)中共中央、国务院《乡村振兴战略规划(2018—2022年)》明确提出加强乡村振兴战略用地保障,完善农村新增用地保障机制,年度土地利用计划分配中可安排一定比例新增建设用地指标专项支持农业农村发展。