基肥施用方式对烤烟化学成分与感官质量的影响
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摘要
【目的】探讨基肥施用方式对烤烟化学成分与感官质量的影响。【方法】2014年,通过田间试验研究了2种基肥施用方式(条施和塘施+环施)对烟叶化学成分、感官风格和感官质量的影响。【结果】与不施肥处理相比,施肥处理烟叶糖分、淀粉含量及糖碱比更为适宜,烟叶蜜甜香和焦甜香香韵更为凸显,烟叶评吸品质明显提高;与塘施+环施处理相比,条施处理烟叶总糖和还原糖含量分别增加1.1%~11.5%和3.0%~10.0%,上部叶和中部叶两糖差分别降低4.9%和7.7%,化学成分整体协调性更好,烟叶清甜香、蜜甜香和坚果香香韵更为凸显,烟叶清香型风格指数和评吸品质均有所提高。【结论】施肥显著提高了烟叶化学品质和感官质量;与基肥塘施+环施相比,基肥条施方式下烟叶化学品质和感官质量均有所提升。
[Purpose]To study the effects of basal-fertilizing application methods on the chemical and smoking quality of flue-cured tobacco.[Method]Field experiment was carried out to study the effects of two basal-fertilizing application methods on the chemical and smoking quality of flue-cured tobacco.[Result]The sugar content, starch content, sugar alkali ratio and the smoking quality of tobacco were much better in the fertilizing treatments, compared with those in the CK treatment(no fertilizing). The total sugar and reducing sugar in cured tobacco leaf increased 1.1%-11.5% and3.0%-10.0%, respectively, the sugar difference decreased 4.9% and 7.7% in the upper and middle leaves, respectively, and the chemical quality, smoking aroma of light-sweet, honey-sweet and nutty in cured tobacco leaf were more prominent, and the faint scent index and smoking quality in cured tobacco leaf were improved in the row fertilizing treatment, compared with those in the pond + circle fertilizing treatment.[ Conclusion] Fertilization could significantly increase the chemical and smoking quality of tobacco. The chemical and smoking quality of tobacco could be improved by the basal-fertilizing application method of row fertilizing, compared with the method of pond + circle fertilizing.
[Purpose]To study the effects of basal-fertilizing application methods on the chemical and smoking quality of flue-cured tobacco.[Method]Field experiment was carried out to study the effects of two basal-fertilizing application methods on the chemical and smoking quality of flue-cured tobacco.[Result]The sugar content, starch content, sugar alkali ratio and the smoking quality of tobacco were much better in the fertilizing treatments, compared with those in the CK treatment(no fertilizing). The total sugar and reducing sugar in cured tobacco leaf increased 1.1%-11.5% and3.0%-10.0%, respectively, the sugar difference decreased 4.9% and 7.7% in the upper and middle leaves, respectively, and the chemical quality, smoking aroma of light-sweet, honey-sweet and nutty in cured tobacco leaf were more prominent, and the faint scent index and smoking quality in cured tobacco leaf were improved in the row fertilizing treatment, compared with those in the pond + circle fertilizing treatment.[ Conclusion] Fertilization could significantly increase the chemical and smoking quality of tobacco. The chemical and smoking quality of tobacco could be improved by the basal-fertilizing application method of row fertilizing, compared with the method of pond + circle fertilizing.
引文
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[2]胡国松,郑伟,王震东,等.烤烟营养原理[M].北京:科学出版社,2000.
[3]刘添毅,曾文龙,谢凤标,等.烤烟“101”施肥技术效应[J].福建农业大学学报,1998,27(2):216.DOI:10.13323j.cnki.j.fafu(nat.sci.).1998.02.018.
[4]赵兴,刘卫群,张维理,等.中国烟草平衡施肥技术研究现状与展望[J].中国烟草学报,2003(z1):34.DOI:103321/j.issn:1004-5708.2003.z1.005.
[5]邱志丹,郭金平,罗发键.龙岩烟区不同施肥方式对烟叶产质量的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2004(3):46.DOI10.3969/j.issn.1007-5119.2004.03.007.
[6]刘建军,韩晓燕,符云鹏,等.施氮量对攀枝花地区香料烟生长及产质量的影响[J].南方农业学报,2015,46(8):1406.DOI:10.3969/j:issn.2095-1191.2015.08.1406.
[7]林桂华,杨述元,上官克攀,等.龙岩不同施肥技术对烟叶产量和质量的影响[J].中国烟草科学,2002(3):33.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-5119.2002.03.007.
[8]李良勇,余卓越,邹喜明,等.不同施肥方式对烤烟生长发育及烟叶产质量的影响[J].湖南农业科学,2006(4):53.DOI:10.16498/j.cnki.hnnykx.2006.04.022.
[9]蔡联合,韦建玉,白森,等.农家肥不同施用方式对烟草生长及烤烟品质的影响[J].南方农业学报,2012,4(3):338.DOI:10.3969/j:issn.2095-1191.2012.03.336.
[10]辉树光,彭坚强,江皓,等.不同施肥方式对早植烟生长发育的影响[J].热带农业科学,2014,34(12):14.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1009-2196.2014.12.004.
[11]杨夏孟,刘国顺,刘清华,等.不同施肥方式对烤烟生长发育及品质的影响[J].山东农业科学,2012,44(7):87.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4942.2012.07.018.
[12]胡荣海.云南烟草栽培学[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.
[13]陈胜利,张玉林,张占军,等.烤烟主产区烟叶糖碱比的变异分析[J].烟草科技,2012(10):73.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-0861.2012.10.017.
[14]郭培国,陈建军,郑燕玲.应用15N示踪法研究烤烟的氮素营养[J].中国烟草学报,1998,4(2):64.
[15]马二登,李天福,孙加利,等.基肥减量施用对烤烟生长及烟叶产质量的影响[J].华北农学报,2013,28(增刊):320.DOI:10.7668/hbnxb.2013.S1.060.
[16]马二登,孙加利,番景奇,等.有机无机复混肥减量施用对烤烟产质量的影响[J].广东农业科学,2013(23):56.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1004-874X.2013.23.015.
[17]齐永杰,首安发,胡建斌,等.不同施氮量对烤烟生长发育和品质的影响[J].广西农业科学,2009,40(1):1457.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2009.11.015.
[18]史宏志,韩锦峰,刘国顺,等.不同氮素营养的烟叶氨基酸含量与香吃味品质的关系[J].河南农业大学学报,1997,31(4):319.
[19]雷永和.云南烟草中微肥营养与土壤管理[M].昆明:云南科技出版社,1995.