贵州少数民族地区农村三级医疗卫生服务网络现状调查
|
摘要
目的了解贵州少数民族地区农村三级医疗卫生服务网络的基本情况及当地居民对农村三级医疗网络的参与程度。方法选择贵州省部分少数民族地区所在县、乡、村医疗单位进行相关调查,并对所在地区部分人群进行问卷调查和访谈,对所收集数据进行统计分析。结果所调查的少数民族地区近三年来县、乡级医院总人数、高级医务人员所占的比例及执业医师人数明显增多。少数民族地区受调查人群中仅少数人对农村三级医疗网络有一定的认识,明显少于发达地区人数。少数民族地区受访人群患病时多数到乡、村级医疗单位看病,部分人群在患病时用草药等乡土办法自己处理,转到外地看病的人数及生病就医次数较发达地区明显偏低;所调查的少数民族地区人群对承担医疗费用的困难较大,觉得看病难的人群较多;但对医疗服务质量的满意度要高于发达地区。结论所调查的少数民族地区县、乡级医院近三年来规模和医疗人员水平提升很快,对支撑当地农村三级医疗卫生服务网络起到重要作用,但与发达地区相比差距仍然很大;少数民族地区人群对农村三级医疗卫生服务网络的认知度和参与度较低,就医状况不理想,承担医疗费用能力较低,享受良好医疗资源情况较发达地区明显不足。
Objective To understand the basic situation of the medical and health service network at three levels in the ethnic minority rural areas and the participation of the local residents in the network.Methods The hospitals or clinic in counties,townships and villages of the ethnic minority areas in Guizhou Province were selected for the relevant investigation,and parts of the population in the areas were interviewed and the collected data statistically analyzed.Results In the ethnic minority areas surveyed during the past three years,the total numbers of entire staff of county and township hospitals,the proportions of senior medical staff and the qualified practicing doctors were significantly increased.A small number of people in ethnic minority areas had some knowledge of the network of medical and health,which is obviously less than the number in developed areas.The most of the residents in ethnic minority areas went to medical institutions of township and village for medical treatments when they fell ill;some of them used herbs and other local methods to deal with the diseases by themselves;and the frequencies of going to other better areas to see doctors due to sick were obviously low.The people in the minority areas surveyed were more difficult to bear the medical expenses than those in the developed areas.However,the satisfaction of them to the quality of medical service was higher than that in developed regions.Conclusion The size and medical personnel level of the county and township hospitals in the ethnic minority areas investigated had rapidly developed in the past three years,which plays an important role in supporting the network of medical service at three levels in the areas.However,as compared with the developed areas,the gap is still large;people in ethnic minority areas had low awareness and participation in the network.The condition of seeking medical treatments was not ideal,and the ability to bear medical expenses was low.The enjoy of good medical resources after the reform and opening-up was less than that of the developed areas.
Objective To understand the basic situation of the medical and health service network at three levels in the ethnic minority rural areas and the participation of the local residents in the network.Methods The hospitals or clinic in counties,townships and villages of the ethnic minority areas in Guizhou Province were selected for the relevant investigation,and parts of the population in the areas were interviewed and the collected data statistically analyzed.Results In the ethnic minority areas surveyed during the past three years,the total numbers of entire staff of county and township hospitals,the proportions of senior medical staff and the qualified practicing doctors were significantly increased.A small number of people in ethnic minority areas had some knowledge of the network of medical and health,which is obviously less than the number in developed areas.The most of the residents in ethnic minority areas went to medical institutions of township and village for medical treatments when they fell ill;some of them used herbs and other local methods to deal with the diseases by themselves;and the frequencies of going to other better areas to see doctors due to sick were obviously low.The people in the minority areas surveyed were more difficult to bear the medical expenses than those in the developed areas.However,the satisfaction of them to the quality of medical service was higher than that in developed regions.Conclusion The size and medical personnel level of the county and township hospitals in the ethnic minority areas investigated had rapidly developed in the past three years,which plays an important role in supporting the network of medical service at three levels in the areas.However,as compared with the developed areas,the gap is still large;people in ethnic minority areas had low awareness and participation in the network.The condition of seeking medical treatments was not ideal,and the ability to bear medical expenses was low.The enjoy of good medical resources after the reform and opening-up was less than that of the developed areas.
引文
[1]魏来.我国农村三级医疗卫生网络服务提供模式的历史演变及启示[J].中国卫生政策研究,2014,7(12):24-30.
[2]杨柯宇,焦陛燊,苏其瑶,等.西南民族地区农村医疗保障体系现状调查与对策研究[J].时代金融,2018,2(1):54-55.
[3]国务院办公厅.全国医疗卫生服务体系规划纲要(2015—2020年)[S].国办发〔2015〕14号,2015年3月6日.
[4]方洁.县域一体化对推进农村三级医疗服务体系整合作用和影响的探讨[J].中国初级卫生保健,2018,32(7):16-18.
[5]甘肃农业编辑部.农村医疗:看病究竟难在何处[J].甘肃农业,2017,6(1):6-8.
[6]薄绍哗.完善农村医疗保障制度防止群众因病致贫返贫[J].中国医疗保险,2017,3(1):5-6.
[7]黄蕾,郭晓梦,周艳阳.四川省农村医疗卫生机构人员满意度情况调查[J].中国卫生质量管理,2018,25(2):124-127.
[8]周主华,黄树红.浅谈农村医疗卫生政策落实的困境与对策[J].中华卫生产业,2017,31(10):14-16.
[9]张婷,何克春,王恩才,等.乡村医生在农村医疗卫生服务供给中的地位和作用[J].卫生软科学,2018,32(4):17-21.
[2]杨柯宇,焦陛燊,苏其瑶,等.西南民族地区农村医疗保障体系现状调查与对策研究[J].时代金融,2018,2(1):54-55.
[3]国务院办公厅.全国医疗卫生服务体系规划纲要(2015—2020年)[S].国办发〔2015〕14号,2015年3月6日.
[4]方洁.县域一体化对推进农村三级医疗服务体系整合作用和影响的探讨[J].中国初级卫生保健,2018,32(7):16-18.
[5]甘肃农业编辑部.农村医疗:看病究竟难在何处[J].甘肃农业,2017,6(1):6-8.
[6]薄绍哗.完善农村医疗保障制度防止群众因病致贫返贫[J].中国医疗保险,2017,3(1):5-6.
[7]黄蕾,郭晓梦,周艳阳.四川省农村医疗卫生机构人员满意度情况调查[J].中国卫生质量管理,2018,25(2):124-127.
[8]周主华,黄树红.浅谈农村医疗卫生政策落实的困境与对策[J].中华卫生产业,2017,31(10):14-16.
[9]张婷,何克春,王恩才,等.乡村医生在农村医疗卫生服务供给中的地位和作用[J].卫生软科学,2018,32(4):17-21.