冷加工过程中316L奥氏体不锈钢硬度压痕尺寸效应分析
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摘要
通过理论结合试验的方法对冷加工过程中316L奥氏体不锈钢硬度压痕尺寸效应(ISE)进行了分析,并将根据理论模型得到的真实硬度与测试硬度进行了对比。结果表明:不同伸长率下316L奥氏体不锈钢呈现正ISE现象。通过对三种常见的理论模型分析发现,修正比例试样阻力(MPSR)模型能更准确地描述冷加工下316L奥氏体不锈钢的ISE现象,并通过此模型得到了伸长率为0、15%、30%、40%下真实硬度值分别为159.16MPa、228.07MPa、259.72MPa、282.54MPa,且验证得出各伸长率下的真实硬度与屈服强度之间存在线性关系,随后结合材料的真实硬度值发现,在9.8N压头载荷下测出经不同静态单轴拉伸后的316L不锈钢维氏硬度几乎不存在ISE现象。
The 316 Laustenitic stainless steel hardness ISE in the cold working processes was analyzed by the theory combined with the test method,and the true hardness obtained by the theoretical model was compared with the test hardness.The results show that the 316 Laustenitic stainless steel exhibits positive ISE phenomenon under different tensile rates.Through the analyses of three common theoretical models,it is found that the modified proportional specimen resistance(MPSR)model may more accurately describe the ISE phenomenon of 316 Laustenitic stainless steels under cold working processes,and the true hardness values under 0,15%,30%,40% stretching rates obtained by this model are as 159.16 MPa,228.07 MPa,259.72 MPa and 282.54 MPa respectively.The obtained hardness was verified,and the results satisfy the linear theoretical relationship.Then,it is found that the Vickers hardness of 316 Lstainless steels after different static uniaxial stretching is almost no ISE phenomenon under the 9.8Nindenter load.
The 316 Laustenitic stainless steel hardness ISE in the cold working processes was analyzed by the theory combined with the test method,and the true hardness obtained by the theoretical model was compared with the test hardness.The results show that the 316 Laustenitic stainless steel exhibits positive ISE phenomenon under different tensile rates.Through the analyses of three common theoretical models,it is found that the modified proportional specimen resistance(MPSR)model may more accurately describe the ISE phenomenon of 316 Laustenitic stainless steels under cold working processes,and the true hardness values under 0,15%,30%,40% stretching rates obtained by this model are as 159.16 MPa,228.07 MPa,259.72 MPa and 282.54 MPa respectively.The obtained hardness was verified,and the results satisfy the linear theoretical relationship.Then,it is found that the Vickers hardness of 316 Lstainless steels after different static uniaxial stretching is almost no ISE phenomenon under the 9.8Nindenter load.
引文
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[2]侯小振,郑文杰,宋志刚,等.冷加工对316L不锈钢力学行为和组织的影响[J].钢铁研究学报,2013,25(7):53-57.HOU Xiaozhen,ZHENG Wengjie,SONG Zhigang,et al.The Effect of Cold Working on Mechanical Behavior and Microstructure of 316L Stainless Steel[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2013,25(7):53-57.
[3]杨涛,刘毅,李泽丽,等.铱单晶的纳米压痕尺寸效应研究[J].贵金属,2016,37(1):27-32.YANG Tao,LIU Yi,LI Zeli,et al.Study on the Size Effect of Nanoindentation of Germanium Single Crystal[J].Precious Metals,2016,37(1):27-32.
[4]李美姮,胡望宇,孙晓峰,等.EB-PVD热障涂层的表观压痕尺寸效应[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2006,35(2):186-188.LI Meiheng,HU Wangyu,SUN Xiaofeng,et al.Apparent Indentation Size Effect of EB-PVD Thermal Barrier Coatings[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2006,35(2):186-188.
[5]郭伟明,谭大旺,吴利翔,等.B4C/TiB2复相陶瓷硬度压痕的尺寸效应[J].材料研究学报,2017,31(12):894-900.GUO Weiming,TAN Dawang,WU Lixiang,et al.Size Effect of Hardness Indentation of B4C/TiB2Composite Ceramics[J].Chinese Journal of Materials Research,2017,31(12):895-900.
[6]汤琪.多孔复相材料硬度压痕尺寸效应研究[D].北京:清华大学,2013.TANG Qi.Study on the Size Effect of Hardness Indentation of Porous Composite Materials[D].Beijing:Tsinghua University,2013.
[7]邢英杰,蒋付强,范恽,等.3J21合金箔片纳米压痕尺寸效应分析[J].机械科学与技术,2017,36(5):793-797.XING Yingjie,JIANG Fuqiang,FAN Yun,et al.Size Effect Analysis of Nanoindentation of 3J21Alloy Foil[J].Mechanical Science and Technology,2017,36(5):793-797.
[8]蒋付强.3J21合金微冲裁残余应力研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2016.JIANG Fuqiang.Study on Residual Stress of Micropunching of 3J21Alloy[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2016.
[9]许泽建,李玉龙,李朋洲.0Cr18Ni10Ti不锈钢焊接接头的显微硬度研究[J].金属学报,2008,44(5):636-640.XU Zejian,LI Yulong,LI Pengzhou.Microhardness of 0Cr18Ni10Ti Stainless Steel Welded Joints[J].Acta Metall Sinica,2008,44(5):636-640.
[10]房永强,杨军红,郑晓斐.钴基合金显微硬度测量压痕尺寸效应分析[J].铸造技术,2018,39(2):284-288.FANG Yongqiang,YANG Junhong,ZHENG Xiaofei.Analysis of the Effect of Indentation Size on the Microhardness of Cobalt-based Alloys[J].Foundry Technology,2018,39(2):284-288.
[11]王洪祥,王景贺,马恩财,等.KDP晶体超精密加工表面硬度压痕尺寸效应研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2006,38(6):856-858.WANG Hongxiang,WANG Jinghe,MA Encai,et al.Study on the Size Effect of Surface Hardness Indentation of KDP Crystal in Ultra-precision Machining[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2006,38(6):856-858.
[12]薛河,庄泽城,曹婷,等.结构材料维氏硬度与屈服应力的关系分析[J].西安科技大学学报,2017,37(2):274-279.XUE He,ZHUANG Zecheng,CAO Ting,et al.Analysis of Relationship between Vickers Hardness and Yield Stress of Structural Materials[J].Journal of Xian University of Science and Technology,2017,37(2):274-279.
[13]周亮,姚英学.微纳米尺度压痕硬度尺寸效应的研究进展[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2008,40(4):597-602.ZHOU Liang,YAO Yingxue.Research Progress on the Size Effect of Micro-nano Scale Indentation Hardness[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2008,40(4):597-602.
[14]周亮,姚英学,刘琦.基于能量平衡方法的压痕尺寸效应分析[J].硅酸盐学报,2007,35(11):1478-1483.ZHOU Liang,YAO Yingxue,LIU Qi.Analysis of the Size Effect of Indentation Based on Energy Balance Method[J].Journal of The Chinese Ceramic Society,2007,35(11):1478-1483.
[15] LI Hong,BRADT R C.The Microhardness Indentation Load/Size Effect in Rutile and Cassiterite Single Crystals[J].Journal of Materials Science,1993,28(4):917-926.
[16] GONG J H,WU J,GUAN Z,Examination of the Indentation Size Effect in Low-load Vickers Hardness Testing of Ceramics[J],Journal of the European Ceramic Society,1999,19(15):2625-2631.
[17] CARPINTERI A,PUZZI S.A Fractal Approach to Indentation Size Effect[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,2006,73(15):2110-2122.