二硫氰基甲烷对斑腿泛树蛙蝌蚪抗氧化系统及丙二醛含量的影响
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摘要
采用半静态染毒法研究了二硫氰基甲烷(MBT)对斑腿泛树蛙Polypedates megacephalus蝌蚪的急性毒性。在此基础上,进一步研究了不同浓度(0.6μg·L~(-1)、1.2μg·L~(-1)、1.8μg·L~(-1)、2.4μg·L~(-1)和3.0μg·L~(-1))的MBT对蝌蚪的总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(GSH-Px)活力及丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响。结果表明,MBT对斑腿泛树蛙蝌蚪的48 h和96 h的半致死浓度(LC50)分别为8.024μg·L~(-1)和6.095μg·L~(-1)。蝌蚪的T-AOC和GSH-Px活力在短时间和低浓度下被诱导后,随着MBT浓度的增加逐渐被抑制而降低;在3.0μg·L~(-1)(96 h)和2.4μg·L~(-1)(48 h和96 h)的MBT溶液中,蝌蚪的T-AOC及GSH-Px活力显著被抑制。MDA含量在1.2μg·L~(-1)的MBT溶液明显降低后,出现增高的趋势并保持高值状态。研究表明蝌蚪抗氧化酶活性的变化间接反映了环境中氧化胁迫的存在,MBT对斑腿泛树蛙蝌蚪会造成一定的毒性影响。
Acute toxicity of methylene dithiocyanate( MBT) on Polypedates megacephalus tadpoles was studied by using the semi-static exposure method. Based on the study, effects of different concentrations of MBT( 0. 6 μg · L~(-1),1. 2 μg·L~(-1),1. 8 μg·L~(-1),2. 4 μg·L~(-1)and 3. 0 μg·L~(-1)) on total antioxidative capacity( T-AOC),glutathione peroxidase( GSH-Px) activity and malondialdehyd( MDA) content of the tadpoles were investigated. The results showed that the LC50 values of MBT for the tadpoles at 48 h and 96 h were 8. 024 μg·L~(-1)and 6. 095 μg·L~(-1),respectively. After activated in short time and lower MBT concentration,T-AOC and GSH-Px activity of tadpoles gradually decreased with the increasing MBT concentration,and were significantly inhibited at the concentration of 3. 0 μg·L~(-1)( 96 h) and 2. 4 μg·L~(-1)( 48 h,96 h),respectively. The MDA content was first significantly reduced in 1. 2 μg·L~(-1)MBT concentration,and then showed increasing trend and kept at high values. This study may indicate that the changes of antioxidant enzymes system activities indirectly reflected the existence of oxidation stress,and MBT can cause moderate toxic effects on Polypedates megacephalus tadpoles.
Acute toxicity of methylene dithiocyanate( MBT) on Polypedates megacephalus tadpoles was studied by using the semi-static exposure method. Based on the study, effects of different concentrations of MBT( 0. 6 μg · L~(-1),1. 2 μg·L~(-1),1. 8 μg·L~(-1),2. 4 μg·L~(-1)and 3. 0 μg·L~(-1)) on total antioxidative capacity( T-AOC),glutathione peroxidase( GSH-Px) activity and malondialdehyd( MDA) content of the tadpoles were investigated. The results showed that the LC50 values of MBT for the tadpoles at 48 h and 96 h were 8. 024 μg·L~(-1)and 6. 095 μg·L~(-1),respectively. After activated in short time and lower MBT concentration,T-AOC and GSH-Px activity of tadpoles gradually decreased with the increasing MBT concentration,and were significantly inhibited at the concentration of 3. 0 μg·L~(-1)( 96 h) and 2. 4 μg·L~(-1)( 48 h,96 h),respectively. The MDA content was first significantly reduced in 1. 2 μg·L~(-1)MBT concentration,and then showed increasing trend and kept at high values. This study may indicate that the changes of antioxidant enzymes system activities indirectly reflected the existence of oxidation stress,and MBT can cause moderate toxic effects on Polypedates megacephalus tadpoles.
引文
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朱友芳,洪万树.2011.敌百虫对中国花鲈的毒性效应[J].生态学杂志,30(7):1484-1490.
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Gosner KL.1960.A simplified table for stating anuran embryos and larvae with notes in identification[J].Herpetologica,16:183-190.
Kosower NS,Kosower EM.1978.The glutathione status of cells[J].International Review of Cytology,54:109-160.
Sharpe RM,Skakkebaek NE.1993.Are oestrogens involved in falling sperm counts and disorders of the male reproductive tract?[J].The Lancet,341:1392-1396.
Stephensen E,Svavarsson J,Sturve J,et al.2000.Biochemical indicators of pollution exposure in shorthorn sculpin(Myoxocephalus scorpius),caught in four harbours on the southwest coast of Iceland[J].Aquatic Toxicology,48:431-442.
Stuart SN,Chanson JS,Cox NA,et al.2004.Status and trends of amphibian declines and extinctions worldwide[J].Science,306:1783-1786.
Xie F,Lau MWN,Stuart SN,et al.2007.Conservation needs of amphibians in China:a review[J].Science in China Series C:Life Sciences,50:265-276.
黄修平,江沄,耿宝荣.2013.高效氯氰菊酯对中华蟾蜍蝌蚪的毒性影响[J].四川动物,32(4):555-559.
贾秀英,施蔡雷.2008.水体二价铜离子致蟾蜍蝌蚪DNA损伤和氧化损伤[J].环境科学学报,28(10):2095-2100.
李安娜,张迎梅,李瑗伶,等.2008.十二烷基硫酸钠对斑马鱼抗氧化能力的影响[J].四川动物,27(6):993-996.
李贞,李丕鹏,徐齐艳,等.2010.农药和化肥对无尾两栖类蝌蚪的毒性效应研究进展[J].生态毒理学报,5(2):287-294.
马承铸,李世东,缪作清,等.2011.在蔬菜作物生长期中二硫氰基甲烷和四硫代碳酸钠处理根围土壤的安全性和效果研究[J].上海农业学报,27(1):28-32.
祁之秋,王建新,陈长军,等.2007.二硫氰基甲烷对番茄苗安全性及其对根结线虫的防效[J].农药,46(7):489-490,493.
谭树华,袁志栋,刘雨芳,等.2012.镉对克氏原螯虾肝胰腺抗氧化系统的影响[J].应用生态学报,23(9):2595-2601.
王重刚,郑微云,余群,等.2002.苯并(a)芘和芘的混合物暴露对梭鱼肝脏抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].环境科学学报,22(4):529-533.
王李宝,万夕和,朱彬,等.2008.二硫氰基甲烷对脊尾白虾的急性致毒实验[J].海洋水产研究,29(5):120-123.
徐士霞,李旭东,王跃招.2003.两栖动物在水体污染生物监测中作为指示生物的研究概况[J].动物学杂志,38(6):110-114.
薛清清,姚丹,黄泽宇,等.2005.杀虫剂敌敌畏和除草剂丁草胺对饰纹姬蛙蝌蚪的急性毒性实验[J].四川动物,24(2):209-212.
张克杰,张维平.1991.环境污染生物监测与评价[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社.
钟碧瑾,姚丹,刘娟娟,等.2009.两种有机磷农药对沼水蛙蝌蚪抗氧化系统及MDA浓度的影响[J].福建师范大学学报,25(2):91-96.
周景明,秦占芬,徐晓白.2006.两栖类动物在环境毒理学研究中的应用[J].环境与踺康杂志,23(4):369-371.
周启星,孔繁翔,朱琳.2004.生态毒理学[M].北京:科学出版社.
周永欣,章宗涉.1989.水生生物毒性试验方法[M].北京:农业出版社.
朱友芳,洪万树.2011.敌百虫对中国花鲈的毒性效应[J].生态学杂志,30(7):1484-1490.
Almeida JA,Diniz YS,Marques SFG,et al.2002.The use of the oxidative stress responses as biomarkers in Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)exposed to in vivo cadmium contamination[J].Environment International,27:673-679.
Blaustein AR,Romansic JM,Kiesecker JM,et al.2003.Ultraviolet radiation,toxic chemicals and amphibian population declines[J].Diversity and Distributions,9:123-140.
Catalgol BK,Ozden S,Alpertunga B.2007.Effects of trichlorfon on malondialdehyde and antioxidant system in human erythrocytes[J].Toxicology in Vitro,21:1538-1544.
Ezemonye LIN,Tongo I.2009.Lethal and sublethal effects of atrazine to amphibian larvae[J].Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences,2:29-36.
Geng BR,Yao D,Xue QQ.2005.Acute toxicity of the pesticide dichlorvos and the herbicide butachlor to tadpoles of four anuran species[J].Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,75:343-349.
Gosner KL.1960.A simplified table for stating anuran embryos and larvae with notes in identification[J].Herpetologica,16:183-190.
Kosower NS,Kosower EM.1978.The glutathione status of cells[J].International Review of Cytology,54:109-160.
Sharpe RM,Skakkebaek NE.1993.Are oestrogens involved in falling sperm counts and disorders of the male reproductive tract?[J].The Lancet,341:1392-1396.
Stephensen E,Svavarsson J,Sturve J,et al.2000.Biochemical indicators of pollution exposure in shorthorn sculpin(Myoxocephalus scorpius),caught in four harbours on the southwest coast of Iceland[J].Aquatic Toxicology,48:431-442.
Stuart SN,Chanson JS,Cox NA,et al.2004.Status and trends of amphibian declines and extinctions worldwide[J].Science,306:1783-1786.
Xie F,Lau MWN,Stuart SN,et al.2007.Conservation needs of amphibians in China:a review[J].Science in China Series C:Life Sciences,50:265-276.