覆冰实验均匀风场形成方法研究
|
摘要
风对雨雪冰冻气候下输变电设备表面覆冰有重要的影响,是研究设备覆冰机理、导线融冰的重要参数之一,但在人工环境下获得均匀稳定风的难度很大。文中介绍了具有均匀风功能的人工覆冰气候室的基本情况,基于自由射流理论,通过仿真计算、冰风洞缩比试验和人工覆冰气候室实际测试,试验表明:采用吹风方式比吹—吸风方式和吸风方式在风机功率和风的均匀性方面更有优势;通过优化设计风洞结构,可以在人工覆冰气候室内实现稳定的均匀风;均匀风对人工气候室内温度分布影响较小。该研究可以为研究风对输变电设备表面覆冰的影响及覆冰增长规律提供技术支持。
Wind has an important influence on surface icing of power transmission equipment under the freezing rain and snow weather, and which is one of the important parameters for researching icing mechanism of equipment and ice-melting of conductors, but it is very difficult to obtain uniform and stable wind in the artificial environment. This paper introduces the basic situation of artificial icing climate chamber with uniform wind. Based on the theory of free jet, it is proved through simulation calculation, wind tunnel scaling test and actual test in the artificial icing climate chamber that: Blowing mode is better than blowing-absorbing mode and absorbing mode in fan power and uniformity of wind. Also, uniform and stability wind can be achieved in the artificial icing climate chamber through the optimization design of tunnel structure. Uniform wind has little effect on the temperature distribution in the artificial climate chamber. This research can provide technical support for the effects of wind on the surface of transmission equipment icing and ice accretion rules.
Wind has an important influence on surface icing of power transmission equipment under the freezing rain and snow weather, and which is one of the important parameters for researching icing mechanism of equipment and ice-melting of conductors, but it is very difficult to obtain uniform and stable wind in the artificial environment. This paper introduces the basic situation of artificial icing climate chamber with uniform wind. Based on the theory of free jet, it is proved through simulation calculation, wind tunnel scaling test and actual test in the artificial icing climate chamber that: Blowing mode is better than blowing-absorbing mode and absorbing mode in fan power and uniformity of wind. Also, uniform and stability wind can be achieved in the artificial icing climate chamber through the optimization design of tunnel structure. Uniform wind has little effect on the temperature distribution in the artificial climate chamber. This research can provide technical support for the effects of wind on the surface of transmission equipment icing and ice accretion rules.
引文
[1]蒋兴良,舒立春,孙才新.电力系统污秽与覆冰绝缘[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2009.JIANG Xingliang, SU Lichun, SUN Caixin. Pollution and ice-coated insulation in power system[M]. Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2009.
[2]蒋兴良,易辉.输电线路覆冰及防护[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2001.JIANG Xingliang, YI Hui. Ice coating and protection of transmission lines[M]. Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2001.
[3]孙才新,司马文霞,舒立春.大气环境与电气外绝缘[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2002.SUN Caixin, SIMA Wenxia, SU Lichun. Atmospheric environment and electrical external insulation[M]. Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2002.
[4]蒋正龙,陆佳政,雷红才,等.湖南2008年冰灾引起的倒塔原因分析[J].高电压技术,2008,34(11):2468-2474.JIANG Zhenglong,LU Jiazheng, LEI Hongcai, et al. Analysis of the causes of tower collapses in hunan during the2008 ice storm[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2008,34(11):2468-2474.
[5]陆佳政,蒋正龙,雷红才,等.湖南电网2008年冰灾事故分析[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(11):16-19.LU Jiazheng, JIANG Zhenglong, LEI Hongcai,et al. Analysis of Hunan power grid ice disaster accident in 2008[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2008,32(11):16-19.
[6]张文亮,于永清,宿志一,等.湖南电网2008年冰雪灾害调查分析[J].电网技术,2008,32(8):1-5.ZHANG Wenliang, YU Yonhqing, SU Zhiyi, et al. Investigation and analysis of icing and snowing disaster happened in Hunan power grid in 2008[J]. Power System Technology,2008,32(8):1-5.
[7] MEGHNEFI F, VOLAT C, FARZANECH M. Temporal and frequency analysis of the leakage current of a station post insulator during ice accretion[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 2007,14(6):1381-1389.
[8] BERLIJN S M, GUTMAN I, HALSAN K A, et al. Laboratory tests and web based surveillance to determine the ice and snow performance of insulators[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2007,14(6):1373-1380.
[9] HU J L,SUN C X, JIANG X L, et al. Flashover performance of pre-contaminated and ice-covered composite insulators to be used in 1 000 kV UHV AC transmission lines[J].IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation, 2007, 14(6):1347-1356.
[10]孙才新,舒立春,蒋兴良,等.高海拔、污秽、覆冰环境下超高压线路绝缘子交直流放电特性及闪络电压校正研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(11):115-120.SUN Caixin,SHU Lichun, JIANG Xingliang, et al. AC/DC flashover performance and its voltage correction of UHV insulators in high altitude and icing and pollution environments[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2002,22(11):115-120.
[11]黄新波,欧阳丽莎.输电线路覆冰关键影响因素分析[J].高电压技术,2007,37(7):1677-1 682.HUANG Xinbo, OUYANG Lisha. Analysis on key influence factor of transmission line icing[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2007,37(7):1677-1682.
[12]黄新波,张冠军.线路覆冰与局部气象因素的关系[J].高压电器,2008,44(4):289-294.HUANG Xinbo, ZHANG Guanjun. Relation of transmission line icing and local meteorology[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2008,44(4):289-294.
[13]张志劲,蒋兴良,胡建林,等.环境参数对绝缘子表面覆冰增长的影响[J].高电压技术,2010,36(10):2418-2423.ZHANG Zhijin, JIANG Xingliang, HU Jianlin, et al.Influence of environment parameters on icing accretion on the surface of insulator[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(10):2418-2423.
[14]姚涛,胡毅,邬雄,等.超特高压输变电设备的覆冰试验技术[J].高电压技术,2009,35(2):574-578.YAO Tao, HU Yi, WU Xiong, et al. Icing test techniques of EHV and UHV transmission and transformation equipment[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2009,35(2):574-578.
[15] FARZANEH M, ZHANG J, SAKAKIBARA T, et al. Effects of high altitude and atmospheric icing on the performance of outdoor insulators[C]//Transmission&Distribution Conference and Exposition.[S.1.]:IEEE/PES, 2006:1-6.
[16] FIKKE S. Modern meteorology and atmospheric icing[C]//11th International Workshop on Atmospheric Icing of Structures(IWAIS 2005). Montreal,Canada:[s.n.],2005:101-110.
[17] ZHANG Z J, JIANG X L, HUANG H Z. The method and implementation of icing and de-icing at Xuefeng mountain natural icing station[C]//17th IWAIS. Chongqing, China:Chongqing University,2011:666-675.
[18] IDE R F. Comparison of liquid water content measurement techniques in an icing wind tunnel[J]. NAsA/TM, 1999-209643,1999(ARL-TR-2134):1-25.
[19] DRAGE M A, HAUGE G. Atmospheric icing in a coastal mountainous terrain Measurements and numerical simula-tions, a case study[J]. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2008,53(2):150-161.
[20]王少华.基于Fluent的覆冰导线气动特性分析[J].高压电器,2012,48(1):64-69.WANG Shaohua. Analysis of aerody'namic characteristics of iced conductor based on fluent[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2012, 48(1):64-69.
[21]蒋兴良,杜珍,王浩宇.重庆地区输电线路导线覆冰特性[J].高电压技术,2011,37(12):3065-3069.JIANG Xingliang, DU Zhen, WANG Haoyu. Icing features of wire in Chongqing region[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(12):3065-3069.
[22]黄新波,刘家兵,蔡伟,等.电力架空线路覆冰雪的国内外研究现状[J].电网技术,2008,32(4):23-28.HUANG Xinbo, LIU Jiabing, CAI Wei,et al. Present research situation of icing and snowing of overhead transmission lines in China and foreign countries[J]. Power System Technology, 2008,32(4):23-28.
[23]陆佳政,胡建平,方针,等.雪峰山脉小沙江自然灾害试验场覆冰与融冰试验[J].高电压技术,2014,40(2):388-394.LU Jiazheng, HU Jianping, FANG Zhen, et al. Icing accretion and ice-melting test at Xiaoshajiang natural disasters test site in Xuefeng mountain[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2014,40(2):388-394.
[2]蒋兴良,易辉.输电线路覆冰及防护[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2001.JIANG Xingliang, YI Hui. Ice coating and protection of transmission lines[M]. Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2001.
[3]孙才新,司马文霞,舒立春.大气环境与电气外绝缘[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2002.SUN Caixin, SIMA Wenxia, SU Lichun. Atmospheric environment and electrical external insulation[M]. Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2002.
[4]蒋正龙,陆佳政,雷红才,等.湖南2008年冰灾引起的倒塔原因分析[J].高电压技术,2008,34(11):2468-2474.JIANG Zhenglong,LU Jiazheng, LEI Hongcai, et al. Analysis of the causes of tower collapses in hunan during the2008 ice storm[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2008,34(11):2468-2474.
[5]陆佳政,蒋正龙,雷红才,等.湖南电网2008年冰灾事故分析[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(11):16-19.LU Jiazheng, JIANG Zhenglong, LEI Hongcai,et al. Analysis of Hunan power grid ice disaster accident in 2008[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2008,32(11):16-19.
[6]张文亮,于永清,宿志一,等.湖南电网2008年冰雪灾害调查分析[J].电网技术,2008,32(8):1-5.ZHANG Wenliang, YU Yonhqing, SU Zhiyi, et al. Investigation and analysis of icing and snowing disaster happened in Hunan power grid in 2008[J]. Power System Technology,2008,32(8):1-5.
[7] MEGHNEFI F, VOLAT C, FARZANECH M. Temporal and frequency analysis of the leakage current of a station post insulator during ice accretion[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 2007,14(6):1381-1389.
[8] BERLIJN S M, GUTMAN I, HALSAN K A, et al. Laboratory tests and web based surveillance to determine the ice and snow performance of insulators[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2007,14(6):1373-1380.
[9] HU J L,SUN C X, JIANG X L, et al. Flashover performance of pre-contaminated and ice-covered composite insulators to be used in 1 000 kV UHV AC transmission lines[J].IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation, 2007, 14(6):1347-1356.
[10]孙才新,舒立春,蒋兴良,等.高海拔、污秽、覆冰环境下超高压线路绝缘子交直流放电特性及闪络电压校正研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(11):115-120.SUN Caixin,SHU Lichun, JIANG Xingliang, et al. AC/DC flashover performance and its voltage correction of UHV insulators in high altitude and icing and pollution environments[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2002,22(11):115-120.
[11]黄新波,欧阳丽莎.输电线路覆冰关键影响因素分析[J].高电压技术,2007,37(7):1677-1 682.HUANG Xinbo, OUYANG Lisha. Analysis on key influence factor of transmission line icing[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2007,37(7):1677-1682.
[12]黄新波,张冠军.线路覆冰与局部气象因素的关系[J].高压电器,2008,44(4):289-294.HUANG Xinbo, ZHANG Guanjun. Relation of transmission line icing and local meteorology[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2008,44(4):289-294.
[13]张志劲,蒋兴良,胡建林,等.环境参数对绝缘子表面覆冰增长的影响[J].高电压技术,2010,36(10):2418-2423.ZHANG Zhijin, JIANG Xingliang, HU Jianlin, et al.Influence of environment parameters on icing accretion on the surface of insulator[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(10):2418-2423.
[14]姚涛,胡毅,邬雄,等.超特高压输变电设备的覆冰试验技术[J].高电压技术,2009,35(2):574-578.YAO Tao, HU Yi, WU Xiong, et al. Icing test techniques of EHV and UHV transmission and transformation equipment[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2009,35(2):574-578.
[15] FARZANEH M, ZHANG J, SAKAKIBARA T, et al. Effects of high altitude and atmospheric icing on the performance of outdoor insulators[C]//Transmission&Distribution Conference and Exposition.[S.1.]:IEEE/PES, 2006:1-6.
[16] FIKKE S. Modern meteorology and atmospheric icing[C]//11th International Workshop on Atmospheric Icing of Structures(IWAIS 2005). Montreal,Canada:[s.n.],2005:101-110.
[17] ZHANG Z J, JIANG X L, HUANG H Z. The method and implementation of icing and de-icing at Xuefeng mountain natural icing station[C]//17th IWAIS. Chongqing, China:Chongqing University,2011:666-675.
[18] IDE R F. Comparison of liquid water content measurement techniques in an icing wind tunnel[J]. NAsA/TM, 1999-209643,1999(ARL-TR-2134):1-25.
[19] DRAGE M A, HAUGE G. Atmospheric icing in a coastal mountainous terrain Measurements and numerical simula-tions, a case study[J]. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2008,53(2):150-161.
[20]王少华.基于Fluent的覆冰导线气动特性分析[J].高压电器,2012,48(1):64-69.WANG Shaohua. Analysis of aerody'namic characteristics of iced conductor based on fluent[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2012, 48(1):64-69.
[21]蒋兴良,杜珍,王浩宇.重庆地区输电线路导线覆冰特性[J].高电压技术,2011,37(12):3065-3069.JIANG Xingliang, DU Zhen, WANG Haoyu. Icing features of wire in Chongqing region[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(12):3065-3069.
[22]黄新波,刘家兵,蔡伟,等.电力架空线路覆冰雪的国内外研究现状[J].电网技术,2008,32(4):23-28.HUANG Xinbo, LIU Jiabing, CAI Wei,et al. Present research situation of icing and snowing of overhead transmission lines in China and foreign countries[J]. Power System Technology, 2008,32(4):23-28.
[23]陆佳政,胡建平,方针,等.雪峰山脉小沙江自然灾害试验场覆冰与融冰试验[J].高电压技术,2014,40(2):388-394.LU Jiazheng, HU Jianping, FANG Zhen, et al. Icing accretion and ice-melting test at Xiaoshajiang natural disasters test site in Xuefeng mountain[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2014,40(2):388-394.