渤海Q油田开发中后期高精度变速成图方法研究
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摘要
时深转换及构造成图是连接地球物理和地质研究的桥梁,其准确程度对油田高效开发具有重大意义。对于底水油藏的开发而言,时深转换的精度更是制约水平井成功与否的关键。Q油田经过十多年的注水开发,底水突破严重,水淹程度高,调整井部署时油柱高度相对较低,油田开发难度加大,地质油藏方案对构造研究的准确程度提出了更高的需求。针对这一问题,根据储层地震响应特征,提出了基于加密解释与自动追踪相结合的井-震-藏联合微幅构造解释技术,探索改进了精细的层控速度建模和应用外部漂移克里金算法的构造成图技术,通过上述两项技术的有力结合,极大地提高了微幅构造的研究精度,为开发井的部署实施提供了借鉴,后续开发井的实施也验证了该项研究的准确性。
Time depth conversion and structural mapping are the bridges of Geophysics to geological research, and the accuracy is of great significance to the efficient development of oilfields. For the development of bottom water reservoir, the accuracy of time depth conversion is the key to the success of horizontal well. Q oilfield has been used in water injection stage for more than 10 years. The water cone breakthrough is serious, and the flooding is high. The oil column height is relatively low when the adjustment wells are deployed, so it is difficult for the oil field development. The accuracy of structural map is placing a heavier demand for geological research. In order to solve this problem, a delicate research flow is established. According to the seismic reflection of reservoir characteristics, the well-seismic-reservoir integrated interpretation is presented based on effective infilled interpretation and automatic tracking. To accurately implement the micro structure, surface controlled velocity modeling and external drift Kriging algorithm for mapping is explored. The workflow provides a strong support for the development of well deployment and implementation. The accuracy of the research is verified by the further development well.
Time depth conversion and structural mapping are the bridges of Geophysics to geological research, and the accuracy is of great significance to the efficient development of oilfields. For the development of bottom water reservoir, the accuracy of time depth conversion is the key to the success of horizontal well. Q oilfield has been used in water injection stage for more than 10 years. The water cone breakthrough is serious, and the flooding is high. The oil column height is relatively low when the adjustment wells are deployed, so it is difficult for the oil field development. The accuracy of structural map is placing a heavier demand for geological research. In order to solve this problem, a delicate research flow is established. According to the seismic reflection of reservoir characteristics, the well-seismic-reservoir integrated interpretation is presented based on effective infilled interpretation and automatic tracking. To accurately implement the micro structure, surface controlled velocity modeling and external drift Kriging algorithm for mapping is explored. The workflow provides a strong support for the development of well deployment and implementation. The accuracy of the research is verified by the further development well.
引文
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[5] 周东红,姚以泰,陈树亮,等. 基于射线追踪的CMP相干速度反演技术在渤海油田的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探, 2010,45(03) :392-397.ZHOU D H, YAO Y T, CHEN S L,et al. Application of ray tracing based CMP coherent velocity inversion technique in Bohai Oilfield[J]. OGP, 2010, 45(3) :392-339.(In Chinese)
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[7] 张志明,曹丹平,印兴耀,等. 时深转换中的井震联合速度建模方法研究与应用现状[J]. 地球物理学进展, 2016,31(5):2276-2284.ZHANG Z M,CAO D P,YIN X Y,et al.Research and application status of well seismic joint velocity modeling in time-depth conversion[J].Progress in Geophysics,2016,31(5):2276-2284.(In Chinese)
[8] 李军. 三维地震资料解释中时深转换方法对比分析及应用[J]. 海洋石油, 2014,34(01):36-40.LI J. Analysis and applications of time-depth transform method in 3D seismic interpretation[J]. Offshore Oil, 2014, 34(1):36-40.(In Chinese)
[9] 凌云,郭建明,郭向宇,等. 油藏描述中的井震时深转换技术研究[J].石油物探,2011,50 (1):1-13.LING Y,GUO J M, GUO X Y,et al. Research on time-depth conversion by well-to-seismic in reservoir characterization[J]. Geophysical Prospecting For Petroleum, 2011, 50(1):1-13.(In Chinese)
[10] 夏同星,明君,陈文雄,等. 渤海南部海域新近系油田储层预测特色技术[J].石油地质与工程,2013,27(2):34-36.XIA T X,MING J, CHEN W X,et al. Some distinctive techniques of reservoir prediction in Neogene oilfields, the southern Bohai water[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering, 2013,27(2):34-36.(In Chinese)
[11] 孙开峰,叶勇.泛克里格法在三维地震资料变速成图中的应用[J]. 石油物探, 1998,37(02):112-117.SUN K F,YE Y. Applying the universal Kriging to the variable-velocity mapping of 3-D seismic data[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 1998, 37(02):112-117.(In Chinese)
[12] 刘文岭,朱庆荣,戴晓峰.具有外部漂移的克里金方法在绘制构造图中的应用[J].石油物探,2004,43(4):404-406.LIU W L,ZHU Q R,DAI X F. Application of kriging-with-an-external-drift in structure mapping[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 2004,43(4):404-406.(In Chinese)
[2] 张英德,彭佳勇,郝立业,等. 海外深水复杂地质条件下时深转换难点及技术对策[J].地球物理学进展, 2012, 27(4):1484-1492.ZHANG Y D, PENG J Y, HAO L Y,et.al. Time-depth conversion difficulties and technical countermeasures for overseas deepwater and complex geological conditions[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2012, 27(4): 1484-1492.(In Chinese)
[3] 陈林, 邓勇, 盖永浩,等. 复杂断块构造时深转换方法探讨——以涠西南凹陷为例[J]. 地球物理学进展, 2014, 29(3):1121-1127.CHEN L,DENG Y,GAI Y H,et al. Exploration of time-depth conversion method in complicated fault block-take Weixinan sag for example[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2014, 29(3): 1121-1127 .(In Chinese)
[4] 梁卫,李熙盛,罗东,等. 井震时深转换技术在低幅度构造评价中的应用[J]. 中国海上油气, 2014,26(3):61-64.LIANG W,LI X S,LUO D,et al. Applying a technique of borehole seismic time-depth conversion to the evaluation of low relief structures[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2014, 26(3):61-64.(In Chinese)
[5] 周东红,姚以泰,陈树亮,等. 基于射线追踪的CMP相干速度反演技术在渤海油田的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探, 2010,45(03) :392-397.ZHOU D H, YAO Y T, CHEN S L,et al. Application of ray tracing based CMP coherent velocity inversion technique in Bohai Oilfield[J]. OGP, 2010, 45(3) :392-339.(In Chinese)
[6] 徐立恒,鲜波,薛玉英,等. 高精度地震时深转换方法研究及应用[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2014,44 (5):1712-1719.XU L H, XIAN B, XUE Y Y,et al. Study and application on seismic time-depth conversion with high-precision[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2014,44 (5):1712-1719.(In Chinese)
[7] 张志明,曹丹平,印兴耀,等. 时深转换中的井震联合速度建模方法研究与应用现状[J]. 地球物理学进展, 2016,31(5):2276-2284.ZHANG Z M,CAO D P,YIN X Y,et al.Research and application status of well seismic joint velocity modeling in time-depth conversion[J].Progress in Geophysics,2016,31(5):2276-2284.(In Chinese)
[8] 李军. 三维地震资料解释中时深转换方法对比分析及应用[J]. 海洋石油, 2014,34(01):36-40.LI J. Analysis and applications of time-depth transform method in 3D seismic interpretation[J]. Offshore Oil, 2014, 34(1):36-40.(In Chinese)
[9] 凌云,郭建明,郭向宇,等. 油藏描述中的井震时深转换技术研究[J].石油物探,2011,50 (1):1-13.LING Y,GUO J M, GUO X Y,et al. Research on time-depth conversion by well-to-seismic in reservoir characterization[J]. Geophysical Prospecting For Petroleum, 2011, 50(1):1-13.(In Chinese)
[10] 夏同星,明君,陈文雄,等. 渤海南部海域新近系油田储层预测特色技术[J].石油地质与工程,2013,27(2):34-36.XIA T X,MING J, CHEN W X,et al. Some distinctive techniques of reservoir prediction in Neogene oilfields, the southern Bohai water[J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering, 2013,27(2):34-36.(In Chinese)
[11] 孙开峰,叶勇.泛克里格法在三维地震资料变速成图中的应用[J]. 石油物探, 1998,37(02):112-117.SUN K F,YE Y. Applying the universal Kriging to the variable-velocity mapping of 3-D seismic data[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 1998, 37(02):112-117.(In Chinese)
[12] 刘文岭,朱庆荣,戴晓峰.具有外部漂移的克里金方法在绘制构造图中的应用[J].石油物探,2004,43(4):404-406.LIU W L,ZHU Q R,DAI X F. Application of kriging-with-an-external-drift in structure mapping[J]. Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum, 2004,43(4):404-406.(In Chinese)