青海省黄南州鼠疫病原学及流行病学特征分析
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摘要
目的分析青海省黄南藏族自治州鼠疫菌株生物学特点及流行病学意义,为该地区的鼠疫防控提供科学依据。方法对1954-1991年青海省黄南州分离的26株鼠疫菌株进行生化试验、毒力测定、毒力因子鉴定、质粒分析、鼠疫菌差异区段(Different Region,DFR)分型等研究。结果 26株鼠疫菌生物型均为古典型,20株(76.92%)生态型为青藏高原型,6株(23.07%)生态型为祁连山型;22株(84.61%)鼠疫菌具备全部4个毒力因子;23株(95.83%)鼠疫菌为鼠疫强毒株。18株(69.23%)鼠疫菌携带6×10~6、45×10~6、65×10~63种质粒,8株(30.76%)鼠疫菌携带6×10~6、45×10~6、52×10~63种质粒。结论青海省黄南州分离的鼠疫菌具备青藏高原鼠疫病原体特性,鼠疫菌的毒力强,因此要加大鼠疫防控宣传力度和对非法猎捕旱獭行为的打击力度,严防人间鼠疫发生。
Objective To analyze the biological characteristics and epidemiological significance of Yersinia pestis isolated from Huangnan Tibetan Prefecture,Qinghai Province,in order to provide scientific basis for plague prevention and control in this area. Methods 26 strains separated from Huangnan Tibetan Prefecture,Qinghai Province from 1954 to 1991 were selected to do biochemical test,toxicity test,virulence factors evaluation,plasmid analysis and different region genotyping( DFR). Results All the strains' biovars were antique,20 strains( 76. 92%) were Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ecotype and the other 6 were Qilian Mountains ecotype. All the strains' plasmid spectrum were the same as 6 ×10~6,45 ×10~6,65 ×10~6. 22 strains( 84. 61%) contained all the four virulence factors. Toxicity test showed 23 strains( 95. 83%) were velogenic. 18 strains' plasmid spectrum were6 ×10~6,45 ×10~6,65 ×10~6,8 strains' were 6 ×10~6,45 ×10~6,52 ×10~6. Conclusion Strains separated from Huangnan Tibetan Prefecture,Qinghai Province have the characteristics of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau plague's pathogen,strains' virulence are serious. So we have to enhance the propagandizing of plague prevention and control and intensify striking force on illegal hunting Marmot,guard against human plague.
Objective To analyze the biological characteristics and epidemiological significance of Yersinia pestis isolated from Huangnan Tibetan Prefecture,Qinghai Province,in order to provide scientific basis for plague prevention and control in this area. Methods 26 strains separated from Huangnan Tibetan Prefecture,Qinghai Province from 1954 to 1991 were selected to do biochemical test,toxicity test,virulence factors evaluation,plasmid analysis and different region genotyping( DFR). Results All the strains' biovars were antique,20 strains( 76. 92%) were Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ecotype and the other 6 were Qilian Mountains ecotype. All the strains' plasmid spectrum were the same as 6 ×10~6,45 ×10~6,65 ×10~6. 22 strains( 84. 61%) contained all the four virulence factors. Toxicity test showed 23 strains( 95. 83%) were velogenic. 18 strains' plasmid spectrum were6 ×10~6,45 ×10~6,65 ×10~6,8 strains' were 6 ×10~6,45 ×10~6,52 ×10~6. Conclusion Strains separated from Huangnan Tibetan Prefecture,Qinghai Province have the characteristics of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau plague's pathogen,strains' virulence are serious. So we have to enhance the propagandizing of plague prevention and control and intensify striking force on illegal hunting Marmot,guard against human plague.
引文
[1]代瑞霞,魏柏青,李存香,等.青海高原鼠疫病原生态学研究[J].中华预防医学杂志,2013,47(12):1083-1088.
[2]熊浩明,魏柏青,祁美英,等.基于地理信息系统的青海省鼠疫菌毒力研究[J].中国人兽共患病学报,2014,30(1):36-40.
[3]LI Y,DAI E,CUI Y,et al.Different rengion analysis forgentyping Yersinia pestis isolates from China[J].PLo S One,2008,3(5):e2166.
[4]杨晓艳,魏柏青,靳娟,等.中国鼠疫耶尔森菌差异区段分型及其地理分布特征[J].中华流行病学杂志,2014,35(8):69-74.
[5]李建云,武正华,胡艳红,等.2016年内蒙古长爪沙鼠疫源地化德县鼠疫菌的生态及DFR分型[J].医学动物防制,2017,33(4):378-380.
[6]《疑难病杂志》编辑部.鼠疫诊断标准及其判定[J].疑难病杂志,2009,8(9):566.
[7]赵源.1996-2002年青海省黄南藏族自治州鼠疫监测分析[J].疾病预防控制通报,2004,19(2):47-48.
[8]崔百忠.2001-2011年青海省人间鼠疫流行病学分析[J].中华地方病学杂志,2013,32(5):520-522.
[9]王文华,李超.藏系绵羊鼠疫的调查研究[J].中华地方病学杂志,2001,20(6):467-468.
[10]熊浩明,杨晓艳,何建,等.玉树藏族自治州藏系绵羊鼠疫生态流行病学特征分析[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2016,11(10):893-896.
[11]赵忠智,王雪,张爱萍,等.2007-2013年青海省乌兰县鼠疫流行病学特征分析[J].疾病预防控制通报,2014,29(6):27-29.
[2]熊浩明,魏柏青,祁美英,等.基于地理信息系统的青海省鼠疫菌毒力研究[J].中国人兽共患病学报,2014,30(1):36-40.
[3]LI Y,DAI E,CUI Y,et al.Different rengion analysis forgentyping Yersinia pestis isolates from China[J].PLo S One,2008,3(5):e2166.
[4]杨晓艳,魏柏青,靳娟,等.中国鼠疫耶尔森菌差异区段分型及其地理分布特征[J].中华流行病学杂志,2014,35(8):69-74.
[5]李建云,武正华,胡艳红,等.2016年内蒙古长爪沙鼠疫源地化德县鼠疫菌的生态及DFR分型[J].医学动物防制,2017,33(4):378-380.
[6]《疑难病杂志》编辑部.鼠疫诊断标准及其判定[J].疑难病杂志,2009,8(9):566.
[7]赵源.1996-2002年青海省黄南藏族自治州鼠疫监测分析[J].疾病预防控制通报,2004,19(2):47-48.
[8]崔百忠.2001-2011年青海省人间鼠疫流行病学分析[J].中华地方病学杂志,2013,32(5):520-522.
[9]王文华,李超.藏系绵羊鼠疫的调查研究[J].中华地方病学杂志,2001,20(6):467-468.
[10]熊浩明,杨晓艳,何建,等.玉树藏族自治州藏系绵羊鼠疫生态流行病学特征分析[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2016,11(10):893-896.
[11]赵忠智,王雪,张爱萍,等.2007-2013年青海省乌兰县鼠疫流行病学特征分析[J].疾病预防控制通报,2014,29(6):27-29.